Concept
Meteorologicalstationreferstoaprofessionalorganizationthatisresponsibleformeteorologicaloperations.Itsmaintasksare:conductingmeteorologicalobservationsontime,compilingandaccumulatingmeteorologicaldata,issuingweatherforecastsandwarnings,andconductingscientificresearch.Meteorologicalstationforecastsareattheforefrontofweatherforecastservices,anditisveryimportanttoacceleratethedevelopmentofmeteorologicalstationbusinessforecastingtechnology.
Responsibilities
Meteorologicalobservatoriesrefertoinstitutionsthatconductpreciseanddetailedmeteorologicalobservationsandhavespecialscientificequipmentforatmosphericphenomenonresearchincertaincountries.Meteorologicalstationsareresponsibleforweatheranalysis,forecasting,scientificresearchandservices,andmostofthemalsoundertakeoneorseveralmeteorologicalobservation(exploration)tasks.ThemainpurposeoftheMeteorologicalObservatoryismeteorologicalservices.Itsmainresponsibilitiesincludeprovidingclimatedataandanalysisresultsforeconomicplanningandconstruction,transmittingweatherinformationanddataforscientificresearch,andprovidingthepublicandvariousproductiondepartments(especiallyagriculture,forestryandforestry).,Animalhusbandry,fishing,andoutdooroperationsunits)provideweatherforecasts.
Theimpactofmeteorologicalconditionsonindustrialandagriculturalproductioncangenerallybedividedintotwocategories:directhazardsandindirectimpacts.Theformeroftenincludesmechanicaldamagesuchasfreezingdamage,droughtsandfloods,heavyrains,windandicestorms;thelatterisduetotheexistenceofcertainmeteorologicalconditionsthatfacilitatethereproductionofviruses,bacteriaandinsects,orthroughoperationsthataffectproduction.Thisinturnaffectsindustrialandagriculturalproductionandsoon.
Weatherforecastcanbedividedintoregularforecastandspecialforecast.Conventionalforecastsareforecastsofrain,temperature,andwindmadeingeneralradiobroadcasts;specialforecastsareweatherforecastsmadeforcertainneeds,suchasrelativehumidity,cloudheight,rainfall,andhigh-altitudewind.Accordingtothetimelinessoftheweatherforecast,theweatherforecastcanbedividedintolong,medium,shortandsupershort-termforecasts.
Forecastmethod
ThestaffoftheMeteorologicalObservatoryobtainsthewinddirection,windspeed,airpressureandhumidityclosetothegroundandhighaltitudethroughgroundobservation,highaltitudeobservation,seaobservation,radarobservationandmeteorologicalsatelliteobservation,Temperatureandothermeteorologicaldatatoforecasttheweather.Thestaffquicklytransmittedthemeteorologicaldataobservedatthesametimetothereceivingcenterforanalysisandmadeaweatherchart.Basedontheanalysisoftheoccurrence,development,weakening,anddisappearanceofvariousmeteorologicalconditionsontheweathermap,combinedwiththeprevailingweatherconditionsinvariousregions,usingthelawofweatherchangesandpracticalexperience,wecanpredictwhatweatherwillappearineachregion.
ThestatusquoofChinaMeteorologicalObservatory
InChina,meteorologicalstationsaregenerallysetupatthecentralandprovinciallevels,andatthecityandcountylevelsofprovinces,cities,andautonomousregions,andatthetownshiplevel.post.Inaddition,thereareagrometeorologicalteststationsdedicatedtoagrometeorology.
Ingeneral,China’smeteorologicalobservatorysystemhasroughlyfourlevels,namely,theNationalMeteorologicalCenteroftheChinaMeteorologicalAdministration,theRegionalMeteorologicalCenter,theprovincial(city,autonomousregion)meteorologicalstation,andtheregionalmeteorologicalstation.Theyarerespectivelyresponsibleformakingandissuingweatherforecastswithintheareaofresponsibility,anddirectingforecastsforthenext-levelstations(stations).Inaddition,therearecivilaviationmeteorologicalstationsandmarinemeteorologicalstationsforprofessionalservices.
TheNationalMeteorologicalCenter(CentralMeteorologicalObservatory)isascientificandtechnologicalsocial-basedpublicwelfareinstitution,anational-levelcenterforweatherforecasting,aswellastheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization’sAsianRegionalMeteorologicalCenterandtheNuclearPollutionProliferationEmergencyResponseCenter.ThepredecessorwastheCentralMeteorologicalObservatory,whichwasestablishedonMarch1,1950.
Formorethan50years,theNationalMeteorologicalCenterhasinsistedonimprovingforecastaccuracyasthecore,takingmeteorologicaldisasterpreventionandmitigationasitsmission,andhasinitiallyformedaglobalmedium-termnumericalforecast,regionalnumericalforecastandprofessionalnumericalforecast.Three-levelnumericalforecastingsystem;aforecastwarningsystemfortyphoons,rainstorms,coldwaves,hightemperatures,sandstorms,heavyfogandothersevereweatherhasbeenestablished,andquantitativeprecipitationforecastsfor0to3daysarecarriedout,anddailyelementsarerolledfor4to7days.Forecast,10to30daysextendedforecast;basicallyformedameteorologicalservicesystemconsistingofwarninginformationservices,decision-makingmeteorologicalservices,professionalmeteorologicalservicesandspecialmeteorologicalservices.Theserviceareasinvolveagriculture,forestry,animalhusbandry,transportation,energy,Varioussectorsofthenationaleconomysuchaswaterconservancy,marine,environmentalprotection,insurance,andcommerce.