United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

DevelopmentHistory

In1942,whentheSecondWorldWarwasraging,thefightagainsttheGermanNazisandtheiralliesEuropeangovernmentsconvenedameetingofalliededucationministersinEngland.Atthattime,thewarwasfarfromover,butthesecountriesbegantothinkabouthowtorebuildtheeducationsystemoncepeacewasrestored.Thisideaquicklyprogressedandarousedwidespreadrepercussions.Governmentsofmorecountries,includingtheUnitedStatesofAmerica,decidedtoparticipate.ThefirstconferenceofUNESCOwasheldattheSorbonneUniversityinParisfromNovember20toDecember10,1946.

OnNovember1-16,1945,attheendofWorldWarII,theUnitedNationsConference(ECO/CONF)aimedatestablishinganeducationalandculturalorganizationwasheldinLondonaccordingtotheproposaloftheAlliedEducationMinisters’Conference.Representativesofaboutfortycountriesattendedthismeeting.Undertheimpetusofthetwocountriesthathavesufferedfromwars-FranceandBritain,thedelegatesoftheconferencedecidedtoestablishanorganizationwiththepurposeofestablishingatruecultureofpeace.Accordingtotheirvision,thisneworganizationshouldestablish"humanintellectualandmoralunity"topreventtheoutbreakofanewworldwar.

Attheendoftheconference,thirty-sevencountriessignedtheOrganicLaw,andtheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)wasborn.

In1946,theConstitutionwasapprovedbythefollowing20countriesandcameintoforce:SouthAfrica,SaudiArabia,Australia,Brazil,Canada,China,Denmark,Egypt,theUnitedStates,France,Greece,India,Lebanon,Mexico,Norway,NewZealand,DominicanRepublic,UnitedKingdom,CzechoslovakiaandTurkey.

OnOctober31,2011,theGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)votedatitsheadquartersinParis,andPalestinewasofficiallyadmittedasafullmemberoftheorganization.

OnNovember5,2013,ontheoccasionofthe67thanniversaryoftheestablishmentoftheorganization,HaoPing,theViceMinisterofChina’sMinistryofEducationandChairmanoftheChineseNationalCommitteeforUNESCO,waselectedasthechairmanoftheorganization’s37thGeneralAssembly.

InNovember2018,the"OneBelt,OneRoad"AllianceofInternationalScientificOrganizationswasformallyestablished,andUNESCOjoinedtheallianceasthefirstbatchofmemberunits.

PurposeoftheOrganization

ThepurposeoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationistopromotecooperationamongnationsthrougheducation,scienceandculture,tocontributetopeaceandsecurity,andtopromotejustice,TheruleoflawandtheUnitedNationsCharterrecognizesthatpeopleallovertheworld,regardlessofrace,gender,languageorreligion,enjoyuniversalrespectforhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedoms.

Mainfunctions

UNESCOisaninternationalorganizationthatdiscusseseducation,scienceandcultureissuesamonggovernments.Ithasfivefunctions:

1Forward-lookingresearch:whatkindofeducation,science,cultureandcommunicationtheworldneedstomorrow.

2.Thedevelopment,disseminationandexchangeofknowledge:mainlyrelyonresearch,trainingandteaching.

3.Formulateguidelines:draftandadoptinternationaldocumentsandlegaladvice.

4.Knowledgeandtechnology:Providedtomemberstatesintheformof"technicalcooperation"toformulatedevelopmentpoliciesanddevelopmentplans.

5.Exchangeofspecializedinformation.

Organization

UNESCOhasthreemaindepartments:theGeneralAssembly,theExecutiveBoard,andtheSecretariat.

TheGeneralAssemblyisthesupremebodyandiscomposedofrepresentativesofmemberstates.Itisgenerallyheldeverytwoyears(oneyearbefore1954,andtwoyearsafter1954).Amongthem,1983Before1983,itwasheldinaneven-numberedyear,butafter1983,itwaschangedtooneinanodd-numberedyear.TheconferencewasgenerallyheldinParisattheheadquarters,andeighttimeswereheldoutsidetheheadquarters:inMexicoin1947andin1948.Lebanon,inthecityofBuddha(Florence)inItalyin1950,inUruguayin1954,inIndiain1956,inKenyain1976,inYugoslaviain1980,andinBulgariain1985(exceptfortheremaining7timesinthecityofBuddha)Heldinthecapitalofthecountry).

TheExecutiveBoardisresponsibleforoverseeingtheimplementationoftheorganization’splansandholdsatleasttwomeetingsayear.Thetermofofficeofthemembersis4years,andthetermofthedirector-generalis6years,andtheycanbere-elected.Thecurrentdirector-generaloftheorganizationisFrenchAudreyAzoulay,whoisalsothesecondfemaledirector-generaloftheorganizationsinceitsestablishment.

Thesecretariatisadailyworkorganization,dividedintoseveraldepartments,respectivelyimplementingbusinessactivitiesinthefieldsofeducation,naturalsciences,socialsciences,cultureandcommunication,orconductingadministrativeandplanningwork.EachdepartmenthasanassistantDirector-General’sleadership.

Inaddition,theUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationhasestablishednationalcommitteesinthecapitalsofmorethan200memberandassociatemembercountriesandregions,includingChina,asitspermanentinstitutionsineachmembercountry(Amongthem,SouthSudan,AnguillaandtheCaymanIslandshavenotestablishedanationalcommitteesofar.TheGermannationalcommitteeislocatedinBonninsteadofBerlin.ThecontactaddressesofthenationalcommitteesofOmanandSomaliaarenotinMuscatandMogadishu.UNESCOHeadquartersinParis),China’sNationalCommitteewasestablishedinBeijingonFebruary19,1979.

Secretariat

Briefintroduction

ThesecretariatiscomposedofinternationalcivilservantsfromtheParisheadquartersandvariousregionaloffices.InJanuary2007,theSecretariathadabout2,100staffmembersfrommorethan170countries,includingcadres(professionals)andnon-cadres(generalservicepersonnel).Asaresultofdecentralizationmeasures,abouttwo-thirdsofthestaffworkattheheadquarters,andmorethan700peopleworkoutsidetheheadquarters,whichconsistsof50offices,2liaisonofficesand1center.

Mid-termstrategy

The2002-2007Mid-termStrategyandthe2002-2003PlanandBudgetarethe10--112001ThepillarsoftheUNESCOreformprogramapprovedbyResolutionIII/1ofthe31stsessionoftheUNESCOGeneralConferenceheldinOctober.Thisstrategyaimstopresentthemainfunctionsoftheorganizationfromanewperspective.Inshort,the"Medium-TermStrategy"isformulatedaroundtheonlyunifiedtheme"UNESCOcontributestopeaceandhumandevelopmentintheeraofglobalizationthrougheducation,science,cultureandcommunication".Therefore,itstrivestolinkUNESCO’smandateandrolewithhuman-centeredglobalization.

The"Strategy"unifiesthefourmajorplanningareaswithacommongoal,anddefinesalimitednumberofstrategicgoals,thatis,thereare12strategicgoalsfortheentireorganization,3foreachplan.Basedonthesestrategicgoals,twohorizontalthemesthatareinvolvedandshouldrunthroughallplanshavebeenformulated:"Eliminatepoverty,especiallyextremepoverty",and"Informationandcommunicationtechnologiescontributetothedevelopmentofeducation,scienceandculture,andtheconstructionofaknowledgesociety."".

Out-of-HeadquartersNetwork

DecentralizationisameansforUNESCOtoconceiveandimplementplansthatmeetthespecificconditionsandneedsofeachcountryandhaveaglobalimpact.Thefieldnetworkiscomposedofvariousoffices(countryoffices,regionaloffices,multi-countryoffices,andliaisonoffices)distributedaroundtheworldbyregionandbytopic.

UNESCO’sagencyandcentersecretariatsaredevelopingprogramsatheadquartersandoff-headquarterswiththeassistanceofaseriesofinstitutionsandcentersthatareengagedinhigher-levelworkinUNESCO’smainareasofaction.

LocationofUNESCOinstitutionsandcenters:

UNESCOEuropeanHigherEducationCenter(Bucharest,Romania)

UNESCOAbduLeSalamInternationalCentreforTheoreticalPhysics(Trieste,Italy)

UNESCOAfricaInternationalCapacityDevelopmentInstitute(AddisAbaba,Ethiopia)

UNESCOInstituteforEducation(Hamburg,Germany)

UNESCOInstituteforWaterEducation(Delft,Netherlands)

UNESCOInstituteforInternationalEducationPlanning(FranceParis;BuenosAires,Argentina)

UNESCOInternationalInstituteforHigherEducationinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean(Caracas,Venezuela)

UNESCOInternationalEducationBureau(Geneva,Switzerland)

UNESCOInstituteforEducationalInformationTechnology(Moscow,Russia)

UNESCOInternationalCenterforTechnicalandVocationalEducationandTraining(Bonn,Germany)

UNESCOInstituteforStatistics(Montreal,Canada)

UnitedNationsCaribbeanEducationalInnovationforDevelopmentServiceNetwork(Bridgetown,Barbados)

UNESCOOrganizetheInstituteofTraceElements(Lyon,France)

Permanentinstitution

(1)InternationalEducationBureau

LocatedinGeneva,Switzerland.Thetaskistoassistinthepreparationandorganizationofbiennialinternationalpubliceducationconferences,publishinternationaleducationyearbooksandcomparativeeducationresearchseries,andestablishaninternationaleducationinformationexchangenetwork.

(2)InternationalEducationPlanningInstitute

ItislocatedinParis,France.Themainactivitiesaretheorganizationofpersonneltrainingineducationplansandeducationadministration,andthedevelopmentofcooperativeresearchoneducationplans,educationreformevaluationmethods,andtherelationshipbetweeneducationandlaborandemployment.

(3)UNESCOInstituteofEducation

ItislocatedinHamburg,Germany.Mainlyresearchlifelongeducationtheoryanditsimplementationineducationsystem,educationcontent,teachertrainingandotheraspects.

(4)EuropeanHigherEducationCenter

ItislocatedinBucharest,Romania.ThemaintaskistoorganizecooperationandexchangesbetweenmemberstatesintheEuropeanregioninthefieldofhighereducation.Overtheyears,UNESCOhascarriedoutactivitiessuchastheInternationalYearofEducationandtheInternationalYearofChildren,andimplementedthethirdUNESCO’s"Mid-termPlan"and"InternationalCooperationandPeaceEducationLinkedSchoolProgram."

Organizationmembers

Members

AsofFebruary3,2020,UNESCOhas193memberstatesand11associatemembers,totalingAmong204countriesandregions,ChinaisoneofthefoundingcountriesofUNESCOanditslegalstatusintheUnitedNationswasrestoredin1971.Activitiesintheorganizationresumedin1972.

Asia

Countries:Afghanistan,UAE,Oman,Azerbaijan,Pakistan,Palestine,Bahrain,Bhutan,NorthKorea,EastTimor,Philippines,Georgia,KazakhstanStan,SouthKorea,Kyrgyzstan,Cambodia,Qatar,Kuwait,Laos,Lebanon,Maldives,Malaysia,Mongolia,Bangladesh,Myanmar,Nepal,Japan,SaudiArabia,SriLanka,Tajikistan,Thailand,Turkey,Turkmenistan,Brunei,Uzbekistan,Singapore,Syria,Armenia,Yemen,Iraq,Iran,India,Indonesia,Jordan,Vietnam,China

Region:Macau,China

Europe

Countries:Albania,Ireland,Estonia,Andorra,Austria,Belarus,Bulgaria,NorthMacedonia,Belgium,Iceland,Poland,BosniaandHerzegovina,Denmark,Germany,Russia,France,Finland,Netherlands,Montenegro,CzechRepublic,Croatia,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Romania,Malta,Moldova,Monaco,Norway,Portugal,Sweden,Switzerland,Serbia,Cyprus,SanMarino,Slovakia,Slovenia,Ukraine,Spain,Greece,Hungary,Italy,UnitedKingdom(UnitedKingdom)

Region:FaroeIslands

Africa

Country:Algeria,Egypt,Ethiopia,Angola,Benin,Botswana,BurkinaFaso,Burundi,EquatorialGuinea,Togo,Eritrea,CapeVerde,Gambia,RepublicofCongo,DemocraticRepublicofCongo,Djibouti,Guinea,Guinea-Bissau,Gabon,Ghana,Zimbabwe,Cameroon,Comoros,Côted’Ivoire,Kenya,Lesotho,Liberia,Libya,Rwanda,Madagascar,Malawi,Mali,Mauritius,Mauritania,Morocco,Mozambique,Namibia,SouthAfrica,SouthSudan,Niger,Nigeria,SierraLeone,Senegal,Seychelles,SaoTomeandPrincipe,Swaziland,Sudan,Somalia,Tunisia,Uganda,Tanzania,Zambia,Chad,CentralAfricanRepublic

NorthAmericanStates

Countries:AntiguaandBarbuda,Barbados,Bahamas,Panama,Belize,Dominica,Dominica,Grenada,CostaRica,Cuba,Haiti,Honduras,Canada,Mexico,Nicaragua,ElSalvador,SaintKittsandNevis,SaintLucia,SaintVincentandtheGrenadines,TrinidadandTobago,Guatemala,Jamaica

Regions:Aruba,Anguilla,BritishVirginIslands,CaymanIslands,CubaLasso,Montserrat,SintMaarten

SouthAmerica

Countries:Argentina,Paraguay,Brazil,Peru,Bolivia,Ecuador,Colombia,Guyana,Suriname,Venezuela,Uruguay,Chile

Oceania

Countries:Australia,PapuaNewGuinea,Fiji,Kiribati,CookIslands,MarshallIslands,FederatedStatesofMicronesia,Nauru,Niue,Palau,Samoa,SolomonIslands,Tonga,Tuvalu,Vanuatu,NewZealand

Region:Tokelau

Note:Thememberstatesandassociatemembersaresortedinalphabeticalorder.

Formermember

UnitedStates:In1984,theUnitedStateschosetowithdrawfromUNESCOonthegroundsthattheorganizationwastoopoliticized,andthenreturnedin2003.OnDecember31,2018,theUnitedStateswithdrewfromUNESCO.ThisisthesecondtimetheUnitedStateshaswithdrawnfromtheorganization.

Israel:OnOctober12,2017,IsraeliPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahustatedthatIsraelwillwithdrawfromUNESCO.

Fieldsofactivity

UNESCOhassetupmorethanadozenintergovernmentalagenciesandlarge-scalecooperationprogramswithinthebusinessscopeofeducation,science,culture,communicationandinformation,etc.underitsjurisdiction.Inordertopromoteinternationalintellectualcooperation,themainonesare:theInternationalBureauofEducation,theManandtheBiosphereProject,theInternationalGeologicalContrastProject,theInternationalHydrologicalProject,theIntergovernmentalOceanographicCommission,theSocialChangeManagementProject,theWorldHeritageCommittee,andthepromotionofthereturnofculturalpropertytothecountryoforiginorTheIntergovernmentalCommitteefortheReturnofIllegalPossessionofCulturalProperty,theIntergovernmentalCommitteeoftheWorldCopyrightConvention,theInternationalCommunicationDevelopmentPlan,theComprehensiveInformationProject,theIntergovernmentalInformaticsProject,theIntergovernmentalSportsCommittee,etc.TheexecutivegoverningbodieselectedbytheUNESCOGeneralConferenceareresponsibleforplanningandmanagingtheactivitiesofeachprogram,andestablishingtheirrespectiveinternationalorregionalcooperationnetworks,suchasthe"InternationalBiosphereReserveNetwork","WorldHeritageList",etc.Inaddition,UNESCOhasestablishedformal(collaborative,consulting)orbusinessrelationshipswithmorethan300internationalnon-governmentalorganizationswithimportantstatusandinfluenceinthefieldsofeducation,science,andculture.ThedevelopmentofeducationisthefocusofUNESCO’swork.

In1990,UNESCOcooperatedwithotherrelevantUnitedNationsagenciestoconvenetheWorldConferenceonEducationforAllinThailand.Thegoalsofliteracyanduniversalprimaryeducationputforwardbytheconferencewillgiverisetotheeducationaldevelopmentoftheinternationalcommunityinthenext10years.Deepimpression.InOctober1998,UNESCOheldtheunprecedented"WorldHigherEducationConference"inParisforthefirsttime.Themeetingconductedspecialdiscussionsonthequality,objectives,financingandmanagementofhighereducation,internationalcooperationandotherissues.TheDeclarationofHigherEducationinthe21stCentury:ConceptsandActionsandthePriorityActionPlanfortheReformandDevelopmentofHigherEducation.InApril1999,UNESCOheldthe"InternationalVocationalandTechnicalEducationConference"inSeoul,SouthKorea.Themeetingpointedoutthatvocationalandtechnicaleducationisnottheultimateeducationandsimpletechnicaltraining,butalinkinthelifelongeducationsystem,whichisaneducationtoimprovepeople'sabilitiesandskills,faceemploymentanddeveloppeople'screativity.InApril2000,UNESCOorganizedthe"EducationforAllForum"inSenegaltosummarizetheshortcomingsintheprocessofliteracyanduniversalprimaryeducationinthepast10yearsandformulatenewstrategiesforfuturework.

Worldenvironmentalissueshaveincreasinglybecomethefocusofhumanattention.EcologicalprotectionandnaturalresourcemanagementareUNESCO’spriorityprogramsinthefieldofscienceandtechnology.InSeptember1996,UNESCOinitiatedandheldtheWorldSolarSummitinHarare,thecapitalofZimbabwe,whichembodiestheorganization'spolicyof"AfricaFirst"andcontributingtothesustainabledevelopmentofAfrica.Inaccordancewiththerapiddevelopmentofinternationalbiotechnologyinthe1990s,UNESCOestablishedtheInternationalBioethicsCommitteein1995tostudyandformulateinternationalnormativedocuments.InNovember1997,the29thGeneralConferenceofUNESCOadoptedthe"HumanGenomeandtheDeclarationofHumanRights",settingoutethicalstandardsforresearchonthehumangenomeincountriesaroundtheworld.

InJune1999,UNESCOandtheInternationalCouncilofScienceorganizedthe"WorldScienceConference"inBudapest.Themeetingadoptedtwoimportantdocuments,the"ScienceDeclaration"andthe"ProgrammeofActionFramework."UNESCOhasalwaysattachedimportancetothestatusandroleofcultureindevelopment.In1991,UNESCOinitiatedtheestablishmentoftheWorldCommissionforCultureandDevelopmentheadedbytheformerSecretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations,PerezdeCuellar,tostudytherelationshipbetweencultureanddevelopment.Intheautumnof1995,UNESCOpublishedareportentitled"OurCreativeDiversity"preparedbythecommittee.Inordertoimplementtherelevantrecommendationsofthereport,UNESCOandtheSwedishgovernmentjointlyconvenedthe"IntergovernmentalConferenceonCulturalPolicyforDevelopment"inStockholminMarch-April1998.ThisisUNESCO’slargestintergovernmentalmeetingtodiscussculturalissuessincetheMexicoCityCulturalPolicyConferencein1982.Themeetingconductedextensivediscussionsonculturaldiversity,therelationshipbetweencultureanddevelopment,culturalrights,andinternationalculturalcooperation,andadoptedthe"CulturalPolicyforDevelopmentActionPlan."

Educationfield

UNESCO’sprograminthefieldofeducationaimstoachievealifetimeeducationgoalforalllevels.Infact,educationisessentialforpersonaldevelopment,economicgrowthandsocialsolidarity.Thisisalsoaworkthatplaysadecisiveroleinfightingpovertyandmaintainingsustainabledevelopment.TheInternationalEducationForumheldinDakar(Senegal)in2000establishedanactionframeworkforprogressinachievingthesegoals:

enhanceattentionandeducationinearlychildhood;universalprimaryeducationforall;increaseEducationalopportunitiesforyoungpeopleandadults;halvetherateofadultilliteracy;strivetoachievegenderequality;improvethequalityofeducationinallaspects.

Amongthesegoals,thetwomaingoalsincludedintheUnitedNationsMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsare:universalprimaryeducationandeliminatinginequalitiesineducationbetweenthesexes.ItiswithinthisframeworkthatUNESCO’smedium-termstrategy(2002-2007)wasformulated.Thestrategyisbasedonthreemaingoals:topromotethebasichumanrightofeducation;toimprovethequalityofeducationthroughthediversificationofcontentandmethods;Thisfieldpromotesexperimentation,innovation,publication,exchangeandsharingofdataandbettermethods,andencouragesdialoguearoundeducationpolicy.

Inthefieldsofsocialsciencesandhumanities,UNESCO’sroleistoensuretheadvancementofknowledge,standards,andintellectualcooperationtopromoteasocietywhereuniversalvalues​​suchasjustice,freedomandhumantoleranceareconsolidated.change.Therefore,themainmissioncanbesummarizedasfollows:researchreality(throughempiricalresearchinthefieldsofsocialsciencesandhumanities);predictwhatmighthappeninthisreality(throughphilosophyandobservationalresearch);andfindoutwhatisspeculatedForthingsthatarerealistic(throughethicsandhumanrights),thegoalistoclosethegapbetweenrealityandbetterexpectations.FromteachinginschoolswithonlyoneclassinAfricatoministersofeducationinAsia,UNESCOworksatalllevelstopromotethedisseminationandeducationofhumanrights.Byprovidingmaterialsfortrainingtrainers,organizingconferences,helpingtoformulatestrategiesanddevelopingnational,regionalandinternationalnetworks,UNESCOstrivestomakehumanrightsandthefightagainstdiscriminationandintoleranceanimportantthemeforresearchanddecision-making.WhilepromotingconventionsandinternationalinstrumentsrelatedtotheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights,theorganizationalsoencouragesresearchinneglectedareasofhumanrights.Theseareasarerelatedtoculturalandsocialissues,suchasgenderequalityandtherighttoeducation.

TheethicalattitudeofUNESCOregardingscientificprogressisalsoapplicabletothegreatchangesinsocietyrelatedtoglobalization.Withthehelpofthe"SocialChangeManagementProgram",UNESCOconductsresearchonurbanizationandmanagementissuesthroughaseriesoffieldprojects,consultationsanduniversitynetworks.Socialchangemanagementplansincreasinglyfocusonresearchthatcanhelpgovernmentsorlocalgovernmentsformulatepoliciesanddevelopappropriatestructuresinamulticulturalsociety,withafocusonsocialinclusionandpovertyeradication.

ThecooperationbetweentheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalCommissionandUNESCOinthefieldofeducationcontinuestoexpand,andthecontentinvolvesvariouslevelsofeducation,educationandscientificresearch.Thebenefitsoftheseactivitiesspreadacross20provinces,municipalitiesandautonomousregionsacrossthecountry.Asaninternationalintellectualcooperationorganization,UNESCO’sactivitiesineducationaremainly:(1)Organizevarioustypesofinternationalconferencestopromotepolicydialogue;(3)Promotetheexchangeofeducatorsandeducationalachievements,promotethetransmissionandexchangeofinformationthroughpublicationsandtheestablishmentofinformationnetworks;(4)Organizetrainingactivities;(5)Carryoutexperimentalprojects.

ToattendtheInternationalEducationConference.Chinahasalwaysattachedgreatimportancetoeducationconferences.Throughtheconferences,China’seducationguidelinesandpolicieshavebeenpromulgated,theworld’seducationdevelopmenttrendshavebeenmastered,theleadersinchargeofeducationinvariouscountrieshavebeencontacted,internationalcooperationandexchangeshavebeenstrengthened,andhigh-leveldialoguesinChina’seducationfieldhavebeenpromoted.

Holdhigh-levelseminars.Inordertomeettheactualneedsofthecountry’seducationalreformanddevelopment,theNationalCommissionforEducation,ScienceandCulture,withthesupportofUNESCO,cooperatedwiththeMinistryofEducationtoorganizeaseriesoflarge-scaleandinfluentialinternationalseminars.MinisterialConferenceonEducationforAllinLargeDevelopingCountries(2001);InternationalSymposiumonRuralEducation(2003);Asia-PacificConferenceonEducationInnovation,ConferenceofWorldOpenUniversityPresidents,andConferenceonEducationforEnvironmentalandPopulationHealthforSustainableDevelopment(2003)).TheseseminarsprovideagoodopportunityfortheChineseeducationcommunitytopublicizetheachievementsandlearnfromtheusefulexperienceofothercountries.

ImplementtheEducationforAllProgram.Sincethe1990WorldConferenceonEducationforAll,UNESCOhasfocuseditsworkinthefieldofeducationonthedevelopmentofbasiceducation,literacy,andvocationalandtechnicaleducation.InordertocooperatewiththeNationalMinistryofEducation'sgoalofachievingthe"twobases"attheendofthe20thcentury,UNESCOhascooperatedtocarryoutsomeactivitiesthatnotonlypromotethedevelopmentofdomesticeducation,butalsohaveagoodinternationalimpact.

ScienceField

UNESCOhasawiderangeofscientificfields.Inadditiontobasicscienceandengineeringscience,themainfocusisonthemainissuesfacinghumanbeings,suchassustainabledevelopment.Issues,bioethicsissues,humansafetyissues,waterresourcesmanagementissues,etc.Tothisend,UNESCOhassetupthefollowingkeyprojects:

ManandBiosphereProject

Anintergovernmentalscientificprogramonissuesof,resources,andtheenvironment.

Chinajoinedtheprogramin1978andestablishedthe"NationalCommitteeofChinesePeopleandtheBiosphere",whichislocatedintheChineseAcademyofSciences.ThemainresponsibilityofthecommitteeistodeterminethepriorityareasoftheManandBiosphereProjectinChina,organizetheimplementationandprovideguidance,andprovidepolicyadvicetothegovernment.Asof2004,atotalof25placesinChinahavebeenlistedasManandBiosphereReservesbyUNESCO.

InternationalHydrologicalProject

TheInternationalHydrologicalProjectistocarryoutglobalwaterscienceresearch,conductinternationaltrainingandinformationexchangeinwaterscience,andimprovedecision-makersfromallovertheworld.Thepublic’sunderstandingofwatersciences,strengtheningmemberstates’formulationofwaterresourcesmasterplans,andhelpingtosolvemajorwaterresourcesissuesandwater-relatedsocialandeconomicdevelopmentissuesarethemaingoals.In1975,Chinaestablishedthe"ChinaNationalCommitteeforInternationalHydrology",locatedintheMinistryofWaterResources.In1983,UNESCOestablishedthe"InternationalSedimentResearchandTrainingCenter"inChina.Themissionofthe"center"is:topromotesedimentscientificresearch,undertaketechnicalconsultation,coordinateresearchactivitiesofexpertsfromvariouscountries,organizeinternationaltraining,academicseminars,participateinthestudyofsedimentinmajordomesticriversandundertakeconsultationonrelatedprojects.

InternationalGeologicalContrastProgram(IGCP)

Themaingoalsoftheprogramare:1.Enhanceunderstandingofglobalenvironmentalcontrolfactorsandimprovehumanlivingconditions2.Proposemoreeffectivewaysforthedevelopmentandutilizationofnaturalresourcessuchasenergyandminerals;3.Improvetheunderstandingofgeologicalfunctionsandgeologicalconceptsthroughcomparativestudiesofseveralregionsintheworld;4.Improveresearchmethodsandtechnicallevels.Theplanalsoinvolvesthemanagementandexplorationofmineralresourcesandthesolutionofvariousenvironmentalproblems.Inrecentyears,ithasfocusedondisastermitigation,disasterprevention,andraisingpeople’sawarenessofnaturaldisasters.China,ledbytheMinistryofLandandResources,hasparticipatedin96projectsoftheInternationalGeologicalContrastPlan(IGCP)since1977,ofwhich14arepresidedoverand14areco-hosted.MorethanathousandscientistsinChinahaveparticipatedintheIGCPproject.

Since1996,UNESCOhassupportedcountriesintheestablishmentof"UNESCO-supportedGlobalGeoparks."Therearethreegoalsforestablishingageopark:1.Maintainahealthyenvironment;2.Carryoutextensivegeologicalscienceeducation;3.Realizethesustainabledevelopmentofthelocaleconomy.Chinaofficiallystartedthisworkin1998.Sofar,44nationalgeoparkshavebeenestablishedacrossthecountry.

IntergovernmentalOceanographicCommission(IOC)

Establishedin1961,theIntergovernmentalOceanographicCommissionisresponsibleforglobaloceanscienceandtechnologyaffairsbyUNESCOAfunctionalautonomousinstitution,andoneofUNESCO’stwoflagshipprojects.ThepurposeoftheIOCistopromotemarinescientificinvestigationsandproviderelatedservices,soastounderstandthenatureoftheoceanandthestateofmarineresourcesthroughconcertedactionsofmemberstates,andtohelpcountries,especiallydevelopingcountries,improvetheirmarinescientificresearchcapabilities.

TheIOCistransformingfromapurelyinternationalinstitutionfocusingonmarineresearchandinvestigationtoacomprehensivemarineinternationalorganizationincludingmarinesurveys,marineservices,marineandcoastalzonemanagement,andmarinelawandpolicyformulation.Institutionsareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleintheinternationalmaritimecommunity.

TheStateOceanicAdministrationactivelyparticipatesintheactivitiesoftheIOC,andhasplayedabeneficialroleinimprovingChina'smarinescientificresearchcapabilities,acquiringmarinescientificandtechnologicalinformation,cultivatingmarinescientificandtechnologicaltalents,andpromotingregionalmarineresearchcooperation.

SustainableDevelopment

TheWorldSummitonSustainableDevelopment(Johannesburg,2002)emphasizedthattheThepolicyofestablishingareliableframeworkforsustainabledevelopmenthasgivenscienceanextremelyimportantrole.UNESCOusedtheconclusionsandrecommendationsoftheconferencetoformulateitsownscientificplan,andalsousedtheconclusionsandrecommendationsofthescientificconferenceheldinBudapestin1999.Byincorporatinginformationandcommunicationtechnologiesintotheimprovementofscienceandculturaleducationandthebuildingofaknowledgesociety,UNESCOcontinuestoactinthefieldofsciencetoeradicatepoverty,especiallyextremepoverty.

Thepurposeofthisworkistoimprovehumansecuritybyrationallymanagingtheenvironment,incorporatingenvironmentalperspectivesintonationaldevelopmentstrategies,andstrengtheningtheroleofnationalassociationsandorganizations,especiallyorganizationsrelatedtowomen’srights.Inordertoembarkonthepathofsustainabledevelopment.UNESCOisalsoinvolvedinimprovingthecapacityofdevelopingcountries,especiallyinthefieldsofbasicsciences,lifesciences,andengineeringandtechnology.Inaddition,UNESCO(throughworkwithfundingagencies)providesadviceandtechnicalassistancetogovernmentstoenablethemtoformulateandimplementeffectivepoliciesandstrategiesinthefieldofscienceandtechnology.UNESCOcooperateswithmanyUnitedNationsagencies,UnitedNationsScienceandTechnologyOrganizations,andnon-governmentalorganizations.ItsmainpartnersincludetheInternationalCouncilofScienceandtheInternationalCouncilofEngineeringandTechnology,whichoverseevariousscientificcentersandresearchgroups.

WaterisapriorityconcernofUNESCO.Therefore,the"InternationalHydrologicalProgram"aimstoprovidethenecessaryscientificknowledge,technicalinformationandstrategicadvicetomanagethispreciousresourceinaneffectiveandfairmannerwhilerespectingtheenvironment.Similarly,the"InternationalHydrologicalProgram"iscommittedtodevelopingtoolsanddevelopingpreventionstrategiestoavoidconflictsoverwaterissuesbetweencountriesorevenwithinacountry.

Inaddition,inadditiontocoordinatingUnitedNationsagencies,theIntergovernmentalOceanographicCommissionisalsoresponsibleforlong-termmonitoringoftheoceanconditionstoimproveweatherforecasts,predicttheoccurrenceofElNiño,andbeabletoGiveanearlywarninglongenoughinadvance.same.ThecommitteeparticipatesintheestablishmentoftheGlobalOceanObservingSystem,whichwillensurethelinkbetweendataprovidedbybuoys,shipsanddedicatedsatellitesinordertobetterunderstandthelinkbetweenoceancurrentsandclimate.

Culturalfield

UNESCO’sactivitiesintheculturalfieldinvolveculturalpolicy,culturaldiversity,art,copyright,tangibleandintangibleheritage,interculturaldialogue,history,andcultureTherearemanyaspectsofequalitywithyouth,cultureandwomen,andgender.mycountry’sparticipationintheorganization’sculturalactivitiesinrecentyearshasfocusedonthefollowingareas:declarationandprotectionofworldheritage,protectionofintangibleculturalheritage,discussionsonculturalpolicies,andparticipationintheformulationorrevisionofinternationalconventionsontheprotectionofculturalrelics.

CulturalandNaturalHeritage

Theprotectionoftheworld’sculturalandnaturalheritageisaninternationalcooperationactivityinitiatedbyUNESCOandwelcomedbyallcountries.Anotherflagshipprojectwiththemostinfluentialculturalorganization.Themainpurposeofthisactivityistoconfirmtheworldheritagethatmeetsthestandardsandprotecttheculturalrelicsandnaturallandscapes/resourcesof"prominentsignificanceanduniversalvalue"inthecontractingstatesoftheConvention.In1972,the17thGeneralAssemblyoftheorganizationpassedtheConventionfortheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage.Sofar,190countriesintheworldhaveratifiedoraccededtotheConvention.Atotalof981heritagesitesaroundtheworldareincludedintheWorldHeritageList.

mycountryjoinedthe"WorldHeritageConvention"in1985.Sofar,atotalof46culturalandnaturalheritagesitesinmycountryhavebeenapprovedforinclusioninthe"WorldHeritageList."Asaresult,thenumberofheritagesinourcountryrankssecondintheworldafterItaly.The28thWorldHeritageCommitteemeetingwasheldinSuzhouinJune2004.Thisisthefirsttimethatmycountryhashostedthemeeting.AsofJune2013,thetotalnumberofworldheritagesitesintheworldhasreached981,andthenumberofworldheritagesitesinmycountryhasincreasedto46,rankingsecondintheworldheritagelistcountry,secondonlytoItaly,whichhas49worldheritagesites.The38thWorldHeritageConference,whichisbeingheldinDoha,thecapitalofQatar,votedonthe“GrandCanal”culturalheritageapplicationprojectsubmittedbyChinaatthisconferenceonthe22nd(Beijingtime),andtheprojectwassuccessfullyincludedintheWorldHeritageList.Thereare46WorldHeritageSitesinChina.

The"GrandCanal"culturalheritageapplicationprojectconsistsoftheSuiandTangGrandCanalwithLuoyangasthecenterduringtheSui,TangandSongDynasties,andtheBeijing-HangzhouGrandCanalstartingfromBeijingandHangzhouintheYuan,MingandQingDynasties,andfromNingbointotheseaandmaritimesilkThethreeriversoftheEastZhejiangCanalconnectedbytheroadinvolve27sectionsofriversand58heritagesitesin27citiesin8provincesandcities,withatotallengthof1,011kilometers.TheGrandCanalistheoldest,largest,longest,andlongest-lastingcanalintheworld.ItislistedasthemostinfluentialwaterwaybytheInternationalIndustrialHeritageProtectionCommitteeinthe"InternationalCanalMonumentsList".

Intangibleculturalheritage

TheprotectionofintangibleculturalheritageisapriorityplanthatUNESCOhasgraduallyimprovedinrecentyears.TheMinistryofCultureofChinahasbeenpayingattentiontothedevelopmentoftheprojectandactivelyparticipatedinrelatedactivities,seminarsandpolicydiscussions.

Intangiblecultureincludesalltraditionalandfolkculturalexpressions,suchasoralculturaltraditions,customs,language,music,dance,religiousceremonies,festivals,traditionalmedicineandpharmacopoeia,cookingartsandallandmaterialculture(Suchastoolsandsettlements,etc.)relatedspecialskills.In2001,afterbeingnominatedbyvariouscountriesandreviewedbyexpertcommittees,UNESCOannouncedthefirstbatchof"MasterpiecesofOralandIntangibleHeritageofHumanity",amongwhichChineseKunquOperawaslisted.Thesecondbatchof"representativeworks"wasannouncedin2003,andtheChineseGuqinwassuccessfullyselected.Accordingtoregulations,the"masterpiece"ispublishedeverytwoyears.

AsoftheendofNovember2011,mycountryhasincluded36itemsontheUNESCOWorldIntangibleCulturalHeritageList,makingChinathecountrywiththemost"intangibleculturalheritage"itemsintheworld.The36itemsincludedintheintangibleheritagelistinclude:

1.KunquOpera(2001)

2.ChineseGuqinArt(2003)

3.XinjiangUygurMuqamArt(2005)

4.MongolianLongDiaoFolkSongs(2005)

5.ChineseSericultureandSilkWeavingTechniques(2009)

6.FujianNanyin(2009)

7.NanjingYunjin(2009)

8.AnhuiRicePaper(2009)

9.GuizhouDongNationalityBigSong(2009)

10.GuangdongCantoneseOpera(2009)

11."Gesar"Epic(2009)

12.ZhejiangLongquanCeladon(2009)

13.QinghaiRegongArt(2009)

14.TibetanOpera(2009)

15.Xinjiang"Manas"(2009)

16.MongolianHumai(2009)

17.GansuHuaer(2009)

18.Xi’anDrumMusic(2009)

19.KoreanFarmMusicDance(2009)

20.ChineseCalligraphy(2009)

21.ChineseSealCutting(2009)

22.ChinesePaperCutting(2009)

23.Chineseengravingandprinting(2009)

24.Chinesetraditionalwoodenstructureconstructiontechniques(2009)

25.ChineseDragonBoatFestival(2009)

26.MazuBeliefinCustoms(2009)

27.PekingOpera(2011)

28.AcupunctureandMoxibustionofTraditionalChineseMedicine(2011)

29.QiangYear(Inurgentneedofprotection)Listofintangibleculturalheritage)(2009)

30.Linationality’straditionalspinning,dyeing,weavingandembroideryskills(listofintangibleculturalheritageinurgentneedofprotection)(2009)

31.ChinesewoodenarchbridgeTraditionalcraftsmanship(listofintangibleculturalheritageinurgentneedofprotection)(2009)

32.MaixiRefu(listofintangibleculturalheritageinurgentneedofprotection)(2010)

33.Chinesemovabletypeprinting(listofintangibleculturalheritageinurgentneedofprotection)(2010)

34.Chinesewatertightblessedboatmanufacturingtechnology(listofintangibleculturalheritageinurgentneedofprotection)(2010)

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35.ShadowPlayinChina(2011)

36.HezheImakanRap(ListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageinUrgentNeedofProtection)(2011)

Memoryheritage

Memoryheritagereflectsthediversityoflanguages,nationsandcultures.Itisamirroroftheworldandalsoamemoryoftheworld.However,thiskindofmemoryisfragile,andtheonlyimportantmemoryremainingdisappearseveryday.Therefore,UNESCOlaunchedtheMemoryoftheWorldProjecttopreventthelossofcollectivememory,andcalledfortheprotectionofpreciousculturalheritageandcollectionsofdocuments,andtheirvaluetobewidelydisseminatedworldwide.

Atotalof299documentsanddocumentcollectionsofworldsignificancefrom100countrieshavebeenselectedintothe"MemoryoftheWorldRegister".Amongthem,9ancientdocumentheritagesandonemoderndocumentarchiveshavebeenselectedintothe"MemoryoftheWorldRegister":

1.Chinesetraditionalmusicrecordingarchives(1997,theexistinglibraryoftheChineseAcademyofArt)

2.ThesecretarchivesofthecabinetoftheQingDynasty(1999,thefirstexistinghistoricalarchivesinChina)

3.TheDajinbangoftheQingDynasty(2003,thefirstexistinghistoricalarchivesinChina)

4.NaxiDongbaancientbooksanddocuments(2005,theexistingDongbaCultureInstituteofYunnanAcademyofSocialSciences)

5.ChineseQingDynastystyleLeiarchitecturaldrawingsarchives(2007,theexistingNationalLibraryofChina,etc.).

6."CompendiumofMateriaMedica"(2011,1593Jinlingedition,existingNationalLibraryofChina)

7."HuangDiNeiJing"(2011,1339Hu'sancientforestschoolcarvededitionExistinglibrariesinChina,JapanandAmerica)

8.OverseasChineseApprovalArchives-OverseasOverseasChineseBankingLetter(2013,ExistingGuangdongProvincialArchivesandFujianProvincialArchives)

9.ChinaYuanDynastyOfficialTibetArchives(2013,ExistingTibetAutonomousRegionArchives)

10.NanjingMassacreArchives(2015,ExistingNanjingMassacreArchives)

4.Culturalpoliciesandotherinternationalconventions

Culturaldiversity

ThefocusonpromotingculturaldiversitycanbeseenasapriorityinUNESCO’sactionsintheculturalfield.Inordertoenrichdiversity,diversityshouldbebasedonrecognitionofothersandtheirculturesanddialogueinordertounderstandandappreciateeachother.Therefore,withoutpeople,withoutdiscussion,culturaldiversitycannotcontinuetoexist.ThroughtheUNESCO’s“UniversalDeclarationonCulturalDiversity”madeatthe31stsessionoftheExecutiveBoardin2001,memberstatesreaffirmedtheirbeliefthatculturaldiversityisoneofthesourcesofdevelopment,anditsimportancetomankindisasimportantasBiodiversityisasimportanttonature.Inaddition,countrieshaveresolutelyrejectedtheideathatconflictsbetweenculturesandcivilizationsareinevitable.

UNESCOcreatedtheGlobalAllianceforCulturalDiversity.Thealliancegavebirthtoanewtypeofpartnershipbetweenpublicandprivatesectoractorsindevelopingcountriestosupportlocalculturalindustriessuchasmusicandpublishing.Thealliancewillformulatenewmethods,actionsandstrategiestoalleviatetheimbalanceinculturalpropertytrade,especiallybetweentheNorthandSouthcountries,whilepreventingpiracyandensuringinternationalrespectforcopyright.

Inaddition,theorganizationistheleaderofinternationalinitiativesinheritageprotection.The"ConventionfortheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage"adoptedin1972isbasedontheviewthatcertainsiteshaveuniversaloutstandingvalueandthereforeshouldbelistedasthecommonheritageofmankind.Withoutprejudicetothenationalsovereigntyandintellectualpropertyrightsstipulatedbydomesticlegislation,thepartiestotheConventionrecognizethattheprotectionofworldheritageistheobligationoftheentireinternationalcommunity.TheWorldHeritageListnowincludes981naturalandculturalheritagesites,includinghistoricalsitesfromtheTajMahalinIndiatoTimbuktuinMali,andnaturalwonderslikeAustralia’sGreatBarrierReef.TheWorldHeritageCenteristhepermanentsecretariatoftheconvention.

UNESCOprovidestechnicalassistancefortheprotectionofspecialheritages,suchastheancientKhmercapitalofAngkor(Cambodia)andthecityofFesinMorocco.AnewprojectisbeingcarriedoutinAfghanistan,andAfghanistan’srichculturalheritageisamongthebestintheworld.

Thisaspectofourcommonheritage,thatis,cultureandnaturalsites,cannotbeseparatedfromhumanpersonality.Itispeopleofdifferentpersonalitieswhohavecreatedarichandcolorfulcultureandnaturewithavarietyofculturalexpressions.Legacy,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Thisculturalheritageismostlymanifestedintheformofintangibleheritage:festivals,songs,languages,andgatheringplacesthatinspirecreativityandsolidarity.UNESCOformulatedthefirstinternationallegalinstrumenttoprotectthisheritage:theConventionfortheProtectionofIntangibleCulturalHeritage.Aninternationalreviewcommitteeselectedthefirstbatchof19"ListofRepresentativeWorksofOralandIntangibleHeritageofHumanity"in2001,includingChina'sKunquOpera;thecommitteeregularlyincludedothermasterpiecesonthelistforthepurposeofprovidinglegalprotectionandfinancialassistance.

Theformatis:

(1),formulateinternationalnormativedocuments,suchasconventions,protocols,recommendations,declarations,etc.;

(2),conveneVariousintergovernmentalinternationalconferences;

(3),organizeandcarryoutvariousprofessionalacademicresearchactivities;

(4),publishvariousbooks,periodicals,reports,documents,audioandvideoProductsandelectronicproducts;

(5),providetechnicalassistancetomemberstatesintheformofexpertconsultation,equipmentsupport,etc.;

(6),holdtraining,research,andinternships,etc.Activities;

(7),providesupporttonon-governmentalinternationalorganizations;

(8),cooperatewithmemberstatesandregionalinstitutionstocarryoutbusinessactivities.

UNESCOholdsahigh-levelinternationalconferenceonculturalpolicyeverytenyears.

Chinaparticipatedinthe1998InternationalIntergovernmentalConferenceon"CulturalPolicyServingDevelopment"heldinStockholm,Sweden.Theconferenceproposedthatcultureshouldbeincludedinthecorepolicydecision-makingprocessofsustainabledevelopment.

NowUNESCOisfocusingonintroducingtheprincipleofculturaldiversityintointernationallaw.The32ndCongressoftheorganization(October2003)hasapprovedthepreparationanddraftingofaninternationalnormativedocumentonculturaldiversity.

Assistance

UNESCO'sassistancetomemberstatesismainlyreflectedthroughintellectualcooperation,suchassendingexperts,organizinglarge-scaleorprofessionalinternationalconferences/seminars,andpersonnelTraining,participatinginthecapacitybuildingofmemberstatesinrelatedfields,formulatinginternationalnormativedocuments,proposingoradvocatingnewideasandconcepts,etc.Animportantwindowandpositionformultilateraldiplomacyandinternationalexchangesinthefieldsofeducation,science,culture,andcommunication.Thecooperationwiththisorganizationinthefieldsofeducationforall,literacy,highereducation,heritageprotection,biodiversity,ocean,hydrology,geology,etc.hasachievedremarkableresults,andhasproducedhugesocialandeconomicbenefits.

Publications

TheCouriermagazine,aquarterlypublication,wasfoundedin1948andceasedpublicationin2012duetofundingreasons.ItwasreopenedinMay2017withfundingfromtheChinesegovernment.Ithas8textsinChinese,English,Esperanto,French,Arabic,Russian,andPortuguese.TheEsperantoversionofthe"Messenger"magazineispublishedbytheInternationalEsperantoAssociation,andtheeditor-in-chiefofthemagazineisHuangYinbao.

"EducationProspects"quarterly,inChinese,English,SpanishandRussian;

"InternationalEducationMagazine"inEnglishandFrench;

"NatureandResources"Quarterly,Chinese,English,French,andSpanish;

Quarterly"InternationalJournalofSocialSciences",Chinese,English,French,Spanish,andRussian;

Quarterly"Museum",Chinese,English,French,Spanish,Russian;

"CopyrightConvention"quarterly,Chinese,English,French,Spanish,andRussian;

Annualpublicationof"UNESCOStatisticalYearbook",English,French,andWesternlanguages;

"StudyAbroad"annualreport,EnglishandFrench;

"WorldEducationReport"biannual,fourissues,Chinese,English,French,German,Spanish,andRussian;

Thebiannual"WorldScienceReport"hasthreeissues,Chinese,English,French,Spanish,andRussian;

"WorldCultureReport"Irregular,inEnglishandFrench;

"WorldCommunicationReport"isirregularandhasthreeissuesinChinese,English,French,SpanishandRussian.

RelationswithChina

ChinaisoneofthefoundingcountriesofUNESCO.SincethelegalstatusofthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasconfirmedonOctober29,1971,China’svariousAllplayedanactiveroleintheactivities.

Since1993,UNESCOhasprovidedvarioussupportforliteracy,adulttechnicaltraining,girleducationresearch,minorityeducationresearch,andbasiceducationinnovationinsomewesternregionsofChina,includingholdingseminarsConferences,trainingcourses,subsidizeddevelopmentoflocaltrainingmaterials,andsubsidizedpilotprojects.

InDecember2003,ChinaestablishedtheChinaEducationforAllForumcomposedoftenministriesandsocialorganizations,andproposedanew"ChinaEducationforAllActionPlan."Underthisforum,ChinawillcooperatewithUNESCOtoorganizeathemeforumactivityandseminareveryyear.

Relatedinformation

OnOctober31,2011,theUNESCOGeneralConferencevotedtopasstheproposalforPalestinetojointheorganizationasamemberstate.Onthesameday,UNESCOheldameetinginParis,France,toconsidertheproposaltoadmitPalestineasamemberoftheorganization,andfinallypassedtheproposalwith107votesinfavor,14votesagainst,and52abstentions.ThisisthefirsttimethatPalestinehasbeenallowedtojointheUNagencyasamemberstate.

TheU.S.suspendspayment

TheU.S.governmentannouncedonOctober31,2011thatasaresponsetoUNESCO’svotetoacceptPalestineasafullmemberstate,TheUnitedStatessuspendspaymentoftheUS$60millionduetotheorganizationoriginallyscheduledtobepaidinNovember.USStateDepartmentspokespersonNewlandannouncedtheabovedecisionatapressconferenceinWashington.SheaccusedUNESCOofvotingtopassthebillontheadmissionofPalestineasafullmemberstateonthesamedayas"regrettableandimmature"andwouldharmthegoalofachievinga"comprehensive,justandlastingpeace"betweenPalestineandIsrael.Effortsmade.NewlandsaidthattherelevantlawspassedbytheUnitedStatesprohibitfundingtoUNagenciesthatofficiallyrecognizedPalestine'sstatehoodbeforePalestine-Israelreachedapeaceagreement.Nowadays,themembershipfeespaidbytheUnitedStatestoUNESCOaccountfor22%oftheagency'stotalmembershipfeeincome.

WhiteHousespokespersonCarneyalsoaccusedtheUNESCOvoteof"premature"thatday.HeemphasizedthattheUnitedStatesonlysupportseffortstopromotedirectnegotiationsbetweenPalestineandIsrael,becausethisistheonlywaytoresolvedifferencesbetweenPalestineandIsrael.

IranianAttitudes

OnNovember1,2011,thespokespersonoftheIranianMinistryofForeignAffairsMehmanPalastsaidinTehranthatPalestinehadjoinedtheUnitedNationsEducationDepartmentTheCulturalOrganizationdemonstratestheinternationalcommunity’ssupportforPalestine.

MehmanPalastalsostatedattheregularpressconferenceoftheMinistryofForeignAffairsthatdaythattheUSgovernmentshouldnotstandontheoppositesideofthemainstreamoftheworld,butshouldunderstandthePalestinianissueinarealisticmanner.HeurgedtheUnitedStatestoabandonitsfullsupportforIsrael,believingthatthismovehumiliatedtheUnitedStates'ownreputation.