Terminologyintroduction
Tangibleassetsrefertothoseassetsthathavephysicalforms,includingfixedassetsandcurrentassets.Tangibleassetsmainlyinclude:houses,machines,equipmentandotherformsofassets.Inanarrowsense,tangibleassetsusuallyrefertothefixedassetsandworkingcapitalofanenterprise.Inabroadsense,tangibleassetsincludeallproductionfactorssuchasenterprisefunds,resources,products,equipment,installations,workshops,andtalentinformation.Generallyspeaking,tangibleassetsareassetsthathaveacertainphysicalform.Assetsthatexistintheformofspecificmaterialproductsincludeproductiontangibleassetsandnon-productiontangibleassets.Theproductionoftangibleassetsreferstotheassetscreatedbyproductionactivities,andthenon-productiontangibleassetsareassetsthatarenaturallyprovidedwithoutproduction.Theproductionoftangibleassetsincludestangiblefixedassets,inventory(inventory)andpreciousitems.Amongthem,tangiblefixedassetsareaccountedforbyhousing,otherhousesandbuildings,machineryandequipment,andcultivatedassets;inventoryisaccountedforbyrawmaterialsandsupplies,workinprogress,finishedproducts,andresalegoods.Non-productiontangibleassetsincludeland,undergroundassets,non-cultivatedbiologicalresources,andwaterresources.
Classifiedinvestment
Includesproductiontangibleassetsandnon-productiontangibleassets.Theproductionoftangibleassetsreferstotheassetscreatedbyproductionactivities,andthenon-productiontangibleassetsareassetsthatarenaturallyprovidedwithoutproduction.Productionoftangibleassetsincludestangiblefixedassets,inventory(inventory)andpreciousitems.Amongthem,tangiblefixedassetsareaccountedforbycategoriesofhouses,otherhousesandbuildings,machineryandequipment,andcultivatedassets;inventoriesareaccountedforbycategoriesofrawmaterialsandsupplies,workinprogress,finishedproducts,andresalegoods.Non-productiontangibleassetsincludeland,undergroundassets,non-cultivatedbiologicalresources,andwaterresources.
1.Tangibleassetsexistintheformofspecificmaterialproducts,includingproductiontangibleassetsandnon-productiontangibleassets.
Productionoftangibleassetsreferstoassetscreatedbyproductionactivities,includingtangiblefixedassets,inventory(inventory)andpreciousitems.Amongthem,tangiblefixedassetsareaccountedforbyhousing,otherhousesandbuildings,machineryandequipment,andcultivatedassets;inventoryisaccountedforbyrawmaterialsandsupplies,workinprogress,finishedproducts,andresalegoods.
Non-producedtangibleassetsareassetsthatarenaturallyprovidedwithoutproduction.Non-productiontangibleassetsincludeland,undergroundassets,non-cultivatedbiologicalresources,andwaterresources.
2.Tangibleassetscanbefurtherdividedintophysicalassetsandfinancialassets.
Thephysicalassetsrefertovariouspropertymaterialswithusevalue.Financialassetsrefertocurrenciesandvarioussecurities.
Thesimplestinvestmentistoinvestinequipment,whichiscalledtangibleassetsinafixedform.
Promotionofdifference
Difference
Theessentialdifferencebetweentangibleassetsandintangibleassetsisthatthevalueoftangibleassetsiscreatedbyitstangiblenature;andtheintangibleThevalueofanassetiscreatedbyitsintangiblenature,thatistosay,thetangible,tangibleandvisiblefactorsofthetangibleassetendowitsvalue.Thevalueoftangibleassetscomesfromitsmaterialcharacteristics.Althoughitspropertyrightsareintangible,itcomesfromitsmaterialcharacteristics.Thevalueofintangibleassetscomesfromcertainrightssuchaslicensingrights,mortgagerights,etc.,orfromtheinfluenceofsomeintangiblefactors,suchascompetitiveadvantage,uniqueness,etc.Thesourceofvalueoftheseintangibleassetsisintangible.
Intangibleassetsdonothaveaphysicalformisanobviousfeaturethatdistinguishesthemfromtangibleassets.Tangibleassetsshouldhavephysicalforms,betangibleandvisible,suchasbeingabletotouchandseeplant,equipment,inventory,etc.However,thecertificationdocumentsofintangibleassetsarealsotangibleandvisible.Forexample,youcanalsotouchandseepatentcertificatesandfranchiseagreements.
Ontheotherhand,thevalueoftangibleassetsandintangibleassetsisessentiallyderivedfromtheirpropertyrights,andsuchpropertyrightsareintangible.Fromaformalpointofview,thedifferencebetweentangibleassetsandintangibleassetsisnotobvious.Todistinguishbetweentangibleassetsandintangibleassets,oneshouldexaminetheessence.
Promotion
Tangibleassetsarethestartingpointandultimatedestinationforenterprisestocreateanddevelopintangibleassets.Withoutacertaintangibleassetasabasis,therecanbenointangibleassets.Thisislikequantityandquality.Thereisnoquantitythatcanbesaidtobequality,ortherelationshipbetweenskinandhair,"Ifthereisnoskin,therewillbenohairattached."Themaingoalofanenterpriseistomakeaprofit,andagoodcorporateimagemustultimatelybeimplementedintheeconomicandsocialbenefitsoftheenterprise.Therefore,thepromotionoftangibleassetstointangibleassetsisobvious.
Agoodcorporateimageisshapedbypeople.Talents,especiallyentrepreneurs,playahugeroleinshapingagoodcorporateimage.Entrepreneursrecognizedbypeopleareoftenregardedascorporateimages.Asasculptoranddesigner,hisreputationandcredibilityaregoodfortheenterprise.Theentrepreneurputstheimageoftheenterpriseinavitalposition,notonlytocreateagoodimageandcreatebrand-nameproducts,butalsowhereherealizeshisself-worth.Moreover,inpractice,theyalsorealizedthatanenterpriselackingcredibilitycouldnotfulfillitsmission.Therefore,ComradeYuanBaohuaputforwardinhisarticle"Onthecultivationofentrepreneurs","Competingforthenameinthecity,strivingforafamousbrand,andstrivingforanoutstandingenterprise.""That'swhatImean.
Secondly,thetechnologicaladvancementofenterprises,especiallytheadvanceddegreeofequipmentandinstallations,hasadecisiveinfluenceonthequalityofproductsandthecreationofbrand-nameproducts.Duetounderdevelopedscienceandtechnology,Chinahasfewfamousbrands,anditoccupieslessthanaplaceintheworld'stop500famousbrands.
Third,thegreaterthetangibleassetsofanenterpriseandthestrongertheeconomicstrengthoftheenterprise,themorelikelyitistoprovidemoreservicesandsponsorshipstothesociety,customers,andthegeneralpublic.Includingfundingforsocialwelfareandculturalandeducationalundertakings,etc.,andallofthisisgreatlyconducivetoimprovingthevisibilityandreputationofthecompany,sothatthecompanycanestablishagoodcorporateimageamongthegeneralpublic.Oncethisimageisformed,itwillgreatlybenefittheprosperityanddevelopmentoftheenterprise,therebypromotingthecontinuousvalue-addedofthetangibleassetsoftheenterprise.Thisisavirtuouscircleofenterprisedevelopment.Wewillmakefurtheranalysisbelow.
Valuation
Brandistheunityoftangibleassetsandintangibleassets:tangibleassetsarematerialresultsandthecrystallizationofthelaborofallemployeesofanenterprise.Intangibleassetsareaspiritualleap,asymbolofhistory,cultureandwisdom.ThebrandvalueofLuzhouLaojiaois10.2billion,anditisinseparablefromthebestinvestmentofLuzhouLaojiao'stangibleassets.Withtotalassetsof2.3billionyuan,LuzhouLaojiaoGrouphasChina’slargestkojimakingbase,modernproductionbase,packagingproductionbase,basewinestoragebase,technicalcenter,etc.,makingfullpreparationsforLuzhouLaojiao’sbrandstrategy,ProvidesastrongguaranteefortheeconomicstrengthofLuzhouLaojiao.
GuojiaoSquareisatypicalrepresentativeimageprojectofLuzhouLaojiao'sstrongfragrance,whichpresentsaperfectandvividsceneryforLuzhouLaojiao'shistoricalpositionintheChineseliquorindustry.Withthesun,themoonandthemoon,LuzhouLaojiaoGuojiaoSquareattractsguestsandfriendsfromallovertheworldwithitstangyaroma;everyyear,GuojiaoSquareisbuiltwithmagnificentandmajesticclassicsofChinesewinecultureconstruction.Amonumenttothehistoryofwineintheworld.TheinvestmentoftangibleassetspromotesthecontinuousappreciationofLuzhouLaojiao'sintangibleassets,reservesastrongandabundantmaterialfoundationforthebrandstrategy,andoccupiesaveryhighstrategicpositioninthecourseofcontinuousdevelopmentandgrowthofLuzhouLaojiao.
Applicationmanagement
Profitperformancemanagementsystemappliedtotangibleassetmanagement
Measurethecontinuousgrowthofcorporatetangibleassets,corporatefinanceThemanagementofindicatorsiscrucial.Anystrategy,ifitisnottranslatedintospecificaccountingfigures,isunrealistic.Forbusinesscontrol,thefollowingfourfinancialindicatorsarethemostimportant:operatingcash,sales,profit,anddividends.
Combinedwiththe"ProfitPlanRoulette"proposedbyRobertSimmonsofHarvardBusinessSchool,itillustratestherelevanceofthefourindicatorsthemselvesandtheprofitperformancemanagementprocess.
1.Theprofitroulettethatguaranteescorporateprofits.Firstofall,itisnecessarytoformulatestrategicpromotionplansforeachdepartmentandprofitcenteraccordingtothestrategicplanoftheenterprise,forecasttheannual,quarterlyandmonthlysaleslevelsaftertheimplementationoftheplan,estimatetheinvestmentandoperatingexpensesincurredduringtheperiod,calculatetheexpectedprofit,anddeterminetheexpectedprofitTheassessmentstandardsandincentivemechanism.Workoutacorrespondingtimeplan.Combinetheadvancementofthestrategicplanwiththerealizationofeconomicgoals,andcontrolitintermsoftime.
2,thecashroulettetomaintainthenormaloperationoftheenterprise.Inordertoensurenormalbusinessoperations,itisnecessarytoestimatethenecessaryoperatingcashvolumebasedonthecompany'sdailycashflowconditions.Thespecificstandardsdependonthenatureoftheindustryontheonehand,andonthecompany'sstrategicdecisionsontheother.Companieswithhigherinventorylevelsneedmoreoperatingcash,andcompanieswithhigheraccountsreceivablealsoneedhigheroperatingcash.Thesolutionistoincreasecashreserves,liabilitiesorchangecreditconditions.
3.Thereturnonassets(ROE)cyclethatguaranteesthevalue-addedoftheenterprise.Profitscanonlyguaranteetheprofitsofenterprises,butforthecapitalmarket,itisnecessarytomeasuretheefficiencyoftheuseofassets.Returnonassets(ROE)isagoodindicator.ThecalculationformulaofROEis:ROE=netincome/shareholders’equity.Itcanbefurtherbrokendownasfollows:ROE=[netprofit/salesincometo(salesincome/assets)×assets/shareholders’equity]
TheRFIDtechnologysupplierAXCESS,headquarteredinTexas,USA,recentlyannouncedthelaunchofitstangibleAssetmanagementsolution-AssetActivator(assetactivator).Thissolutionutilizesbothactiveandsemi-activeradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)technologytoprovideautomaticpositioning,inventorycountingandprotectionfunctionsforvarioustypesofcorporateassets.
TangibleAssetManagementSolution
ThesolutionisbasedonAXCESS’sActiveTagtechnology.Itisauniquelow-costRFIDassetmanagementsolutionthatisconvenientEnterprisesmanageassetsandeffectivelyprotectintellectualpropertyrightsandcustomerprivacydata.Basedontheexistingwirelessnetwork,AssetActivatorsuccessfullyintegratedthe812.11b/gstandardWi-Fi,activeandsemi-activeradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)technologywithautomaticassetinventory,trackingandprotection.Thecompanyclaimsthatthismarkstheofficiallaunchofthefirstapplicationofahigh-precision"on-demand"Wi-Firadiofrequencyidentificationtagactivationmethod.
TheActivatorsolutionusesa"controlpoint"architecturetolocate,track,calculate,andprotecttaggedassetsbyinstantlyactivatingtagsatkeydecisionpointswithinandaroundtheenterprise.Now,throughtheoff-lineWi-Fiadapter,userscanseamlesslyconnecttothecompany’sLANviatheoriginalWi-Fiaccesspoint.AXCESS'spatentedproductActiveTagRFIDusesaminiaturebattery-driventag(usuallycalleda"semi-active"tag).Whenthetagisautomaticallyactivated,theinformationcanbewirelesslytransmittedtoahiddenpalm-sizedreceiveratadistanceof30to100feet.superior.Thereceiverisconnectedtotheexistingsecurityalarmequipmentorconnectedtothecompany'sexistinglocalareanetworkthroughanindustrystandardinterface.Inaddition,thistagsystemcanalsobeusedfortheopeningofvideosurveillancerecordingfunctionsandthetransmissionofremoteliveimages.Itcanalsobeusedforavarietyofothersecurityapplicationequipment,includingemployeeautomaticaccesscontrolsystems,parkinglotaccesscontrolsystems,andotherspecificpurposetransmissions.feel.Atthesametime,italsoprovidesquickresponsefunctionstoemergentsecurityincidents,suchasautomaticemailalarmfunctionandalarmbellfunction.
Debtratio
Thedebtratiooftangibleassetsistheratioofthetotalliabilitiesofacompanytothetotaltangibleassets.
Thisindicatorisanextensionofthedebt-to-assetratio,anditisanindicatortoevaluatecorporatesolvencymoreobjectively.Theintangibleassetsofenterprises,suchastrademarks,patentrights,non-patenttechnologies,andgoodwill,maynotnecessarilybeusedtorepaydebts.Theycanberegardedasunpayableassetsanddeductedfromthetotalassets.Thefunctionofthisindicatoranditsanalysismethodarebasicallythesameastheasset-liabilityratio.
Thisindicatorisanextensionoftheasset-liabilityratio,whichcanmoreobjectivelyevaluatethesolvencyofacompany.
Thecalculationformulaofthetangibleasset-liabilityratio
Thetangibleasset-liabilityratio=totalliabilities/(totalassets-netintangibleassets)×100%
Amongthem:tangibleTotalassets=totalassets-(intangibleassetsanddeferredassets+deferredexpenses)
Note:Iftheamountofdeferredexpensesanddeferredassets(orlong-termdeferredexpenses)islargerinthetotalassets,Shouldalsobedeductedfromthetotalassetswhencalculatingthisindicator.
[Example]Forthesakeofexplanation,thecalculationofvariousfinancialratioswillmainlyuseXYZcompanyasanexample.Thecompany’sbalancesheetandincomestatementareshowninTables1and2:Table1Table2
AccordingtotheinformationinTable1,thetangibleasset-liabilityratioofXYZcompany:Inotherwords,thetangibleasset-liabilityratioindicatorbasestheanalysisofthesecurityofcorporatedebtrepaymentonamorepracticalandreliablebasisformaterialprotection.