History
Appearance
ThenameandunitoftheSwissfederalstandardcurrency.ThecurrencyunitisRappen/centime,and1Swissfrancisequalto100centimes.Thedenominationsofbanknotesincirculationare10,20,50,100,200,and1,000Swissfrancs;thedenominationsofcoinsare5,10,20centimesand1/2,1,2,and5Swissfrancs.
TheSwissConstitutionof1848gavethefederalgovernmenttheresponsibilityofissuingcurrency.Beforethat,variousdomesticandforeigncoinscirculatedinSwitzerland,andeachcantonissueditsowncurrencyandhaditsowncurrencysystem.
Accordingtothe"MintingLaw"thatcameintoeffectonMay7,1850,Switzerlandadoptsthesilverstandardsystem.Thecurrencynameissetasthefranc,whichisanunlimitedlegalcurrency,anditisdeterminedthat1franc=100centimes(centimeOrRappeninGerman),whosevalueisequivalenttoFrenchfrancs.Beforeandafter1860,onlyFrenchgoldcoinswereallowedtocirculate.OnDecember23,1865,thefourcountriesofSwitzerland,France,BelgiumandItalyformedtheLatinCurrencyUnion,stipulatingthatgoldandsilvercoinscancirculatefreelywithineachmembercountry,andtheyallhavethenatureofunlimitedlegalcompensation.Thereisafixedcurrencybetweeneachmembercountry.Officialexchangerate.Therefore,thereareseveralcurrenciesincirculationinSwitzerlandatthesametime.In1925,theLeaguewasdissolved,theSwissgovernmentbannedthecirculationofforeigncoins,andtheSwissfrancbecametheonlycurrencyincirculationinthecountry.
WhentheSwissfrancwasestablishedasanationalcurrency,althoughtheFederationwasthesoleissuerofthefranc,privatebankswereallowedtoissuetheirownbanknotesbefore1910.TheSwissNationalBankwasestablishedin1907andhasbeentheonlybanknoteandcoinissuinginstitutionsince1910.
Development
AftertheemergenceoftheSwissfranc,theSwissmonetarysystemhasundergonemanychanges.In1860,thestandardsystemofgoldandsilverwasimplemented;in1880,privatefreemintingofsilvercoinswasbanned,whichmadesilverloseitscurrencyinSwitzerland;onJune3,1931,Switzerlandimplementedthenewcoinagelaw,requiringthatnewcoinsbeseparatedfromsilverandlinkedtogold;In1936,whencountriesaroundtheworldabandonthegoldstandardoneafteranother,theSwissfrancwasforcedtodeclareadevaluationandabandonthegoldstandard.InOctober1936,theSwissNationalBankdeterminedthattheratioofSwissfrancstoUSdollarswas4.37282Swissfrancsto1USdollar.
OnDecember17,1952,Switzerlanddeterminedthatthegoldcontentofitsfrancwas0.2032258grams,andre-determinedtheofficialexchangerateagainsttheUSdollaras4.37282.Aftermorethantenyears,theexchangerateoftheSwissfranctotheU.S.dollarbasicallymaintainedthislevel.Inthe1970s,theUSdollarcrisisbecamemoreandmoreserious,andtherewasawaveofrushtobuyDeutscheMarkandSwissfrancintheinternationalfinancialmarket,whichcausedtheexchangerateoftheSwissfranctocontinuetorise.
OnMay10,1971,theSwissfrancappreciatedby7.07%,anditsgoldcontentincreasedto0.2175926grams.TheofficialexchangerateagainsttheUSdollarwas4.0841.OnDecember18ofthesameyear,theUSdollardepreciatedby7.89%.TheofficialpriceoftheSwissfrancagainsttheUSdollarAdjustedto3.84francsto1U.S.dollar.InordertopreventalargeamountofUSdollarhotmoneyfromflowingintoSwitzerland,onJanuary23,1973,theSwissNationalBankannouncedthatitwouldstopbuyingandsellingUSdollarsattheofficialpriceandimplementafullfloatingexchangerate.
Since1907,theSwissNationalBankhasissuedseveralversionsofbanknotes.Thesebanknoteshavebeenincirculationforalongtime,andsomeofthemhavecounterfeitbanknotes,sotheyhaveceasedcirculationasof1980,andsomehavelostthestatutoryvalue.Forvariousbanknotesthathaveceasedtobeincirculation,theSwissNationalBankstipulatesthatthecurrencyincirculationwillstillbeacceptedwithin20yearsfromthedateofsuspensionofcirculation,andwillloseitslegalvalueafter20years.Therefore,inthecaseofbanknotesthatceasedtobeincirculationin1980orlater,theycanbeprocessedinaccordancewiththecollectionmethod.TheSwissNationalBankhasissuedanewseriesofbanknotessince1995.
Importantposition
OnMarch19ofthesameyear,thesevencurrenciesofWesternEuropeimplementedjointfloating,whiletheSwissfrancwasstillfloatingindependently,andtheexchangeratecontinuedtorise.Itonlyfellbackintheearly1980s.AsSwitzerland’sinternationalreceiptssupportcontinuedsurplusandgoldandforeignexchangereservescontinuetogrow,thecredibilityoftheSwissfranchasbeenincreasing,anditspositionintheinternationalfinancialmarkethasgraduallystrengthened,becomingoneofthemajorinternationalreservecurrencies.Thelong-termstrengthoftheSwissfrancisalsoduetothefactthatSwitzerlandhasalwaysmaintaineditsneutrality.Thedomesticpoliticalandeconomicsituationisstable,anditisrarelyaffectedbywars.Inaddition,Switzerlandhasadoptedstrictconfidentialitymeasuresforforeigners'depositsinthecountry,makingSwitzerlanda"sanctuary"forinternationalhotmoney,whichisconducivetoattractingalargeamountofforeignfundsandstrengtheningthestatusoftheSwissfranc.
TheSwissfranchasalwaysbeenthemoststablecurrencyinthelastcenturyandhasbeenregardedasasafehavencurrencyforalongtime.Therefore,itisalmostalwaysinflation-freeinSwitzerland,andthecurrencyisbackedby40%goldreserves.
Currency
Coins
Thedenominationsofcoinsare1,5,10,20,50centimesand1,2,5francs.The1centimecoinisactuallynolongerused.In2005,thegovernmentsaidthatduetohighmanufacturingcosts,itwasconsideringcancelingthecirculationof1-centimeand5-centimecoins.However,duetopublicoppositionandfearsofrisingprices,itfinallydecidedtocancelthecirculationof1-centimecoinsinFebruary2006.Thereusedtobeatwo-centimetercoin,butitceasedtobealegalcoinafter1974.Acoinwithafacevalueof5centimeshasbecomethesmallestunitofcurrencyintheSwissfranc,butthecostofmakinga5centimecoinis6centimes,whichis1centimeterhigherthanthefacevalue.Inrecentyears,ithasbecomethefocusofcontroversybetweentheSwissFederalMinistryofFinanceandcitizens.
Banknotes
Thecolorofbanknotesisbright,andthedesignandprintingworkarefine.
TheprintingofSwissfrancshasitsownuniqueness,thatis,theportraitcomposedofcorrugatedlinesisprintedwithdeepintagliotoformafinecorrugatedhorizontallinenetwork.ThethicknessandheightofthelatitudechangesmaketheportraitshowbrightareasandInthedarkarea,theprintedlinesandthespaceseparatingthemcanbeseenvertically,theportraitdisplayshowsthenormalimage,obliquely,thetalllinescoverthewhitespace,thedarkareasbecomedense,theportraitbecomesdarker,andfourwhitelinesTheanti-counterfeitinglinesareclearlyvisible.Bluefluorescentinkisusedinthemiddleofthebanknote;thegroundprintiscleverlyhiddeninthefloralpattern.ThenewseriesofSwissFrancbanknotesarebrightincolor,withsophisticateddesignandprinting.Therehavebeengreatchangesintheformatandanti-counterfeitingtechnology.Thehorizontalversionischangedtotheverticalversion.Thereisananti-counterfeitingmeasureinthedomaindividedbytheletter"AH"ontheleftside:thewatermarkisafrontalportrait;thesecuritylineisawindowtype;banknotesThereisacross-shapedcounterprintontheupperpartofthefront;thereisadynamicholographicmarkinthemiddleofthefront,andtherearedenominationnumbersintheholographicmark;thegeometricfigureinthemiddleofthefronthasreducedtext;therearefluorescentfiberfilamentsanddenominationnumbersunderthepurplelight,andhalfofthefrontportraithasReflective.
TheSwiss-bornarchitectLeCorbusier’sheadisonthe10-yuannote,althoughmostofhisimportantconstructionactivitiestakeplaceoutsideofSwitzerland.Onthe100yuannotearethesculptorGicomettiandhisworks.Onthe1000yuannoteistheculturalhistorianJacobBurkhart.
Banknotestyle
20Swissfrancs(2004edition)
ThebankissuedtheseventhSetofbanknotesindenominationsof10,20,50,100,200and1,000francs.Swissbanknoteshavemanyfeaturesofanti-copytechnology,whichareextremelydifficultorevenimpossibletoimitate.
IntheSwissnewseriesbanknotedesigncompetitionheldinNovember2005,ManuelaPfrunder'sdesignrankedsecond,andManuelaPfrunder'smodificationisparticularlysuitableforthenewseriesofbanknotes.OnFebruary23,2007,theBoardofDirectorsoftheSwissNationalBankheldaspecialmeetingtostudythenewSwissbanknoteprogram.ThemeetingdecidedtofurtherimprovethedesignworksofSwissfemaledesignerManuelaPfrunderinaccordancewiththerecommendationofthefinancialmanagementauthority.Andinmid-2008,atleastonedenominationofbanknotescanbeproduced.
Thesixthsetofbanknotes,firstissuedin1976,isnolongerredeemable,butitcanstillberedeemedthroughtheSwissNationalBankbefore2020.Thefifthsetofbanknotesisnolongercashableandworthless.Itsonlyvalueiscollection.Whenthefifthsetbecameworthlessin2000,about244millionSwissfrancshadyettomaterialize.Since1880,mostofthecoin'sdesignhasnotchanged,exceptforthemetalcomposition.
Theobversefigureoftheoldbanknote
10Swissfrancs:mathematician,physicist,astronomer,logician,engineerLeonhardOLa(1707-1783)
20Swissfrancs:geologist,physicistOlas-BenedictdeSaussure(1740-1799)
50Swissfranc:naturalistandbibliographerConradGusner(1516-1565)
100Swissfrancs:architectFrancescoBolomini(1599-1667)
500Swissfrancs:naturalhistorian,poetAlbrechtvonHeller(1708-1777)
1000Swissfrancs:scholar,antbiologist,spiritualPhysicianAuguste-HenriFrere(1848-1931)
Thefaceofthe2004banknote
10SwissfrancsLeCobbSieArchitects
20SwissfrancsArthurOneggMusician
50SwissfrancsSophieToyberDancer
100SwissfrancsAlbertoGiacomettiSculptorArtist
FullChinesename:Swissfrancs
Currencyconversion:1franc=100cents
Currency:1,2,5,10,20,50centsDingand1,2,and5francs
Swissfrancforeignidentificationname
SchweizerFranken |
francsuisse |
francosvizzero |
francsvizzer |
PictureofSwissFrancbanknotes
1954-1977
1975-1993version
1983-1985edition
1994-2014edition
| tr> | |
Launchedin2015
facevalue | |||
|---|---|---|---|
10Swissfrancs | Time | ||
20Swissfrancs p> | 光 | ||
50Swissfrancs | Wind | ||
100Swissfrancs | Water | ||
200Swissfrancs | Substance | ||
CHF1,000 | Language |
PictureofSwissFranccoin
Codename
Asearlyas800BC,HelvetiaThefirstpeoplelivedinthecentralplateauregionofSwitzerland.TheywereconqueredbytheRomansin58BC.Atthattime,theRomanscalledtheplacewheretheHelvetianslived"Helvetica"(Helvetica).
BecauseoftheresidentslivinginSwitzerland,someofthemspeakFrench,German,andItalian.Therefore,inordernottocausedisputesandtomakeitclearataglance,theabbreviatedletterofSwitzerlandintheinternationalarenaistheancientnameofSwitzerland:"Helvetia",notanyofficialSwisslanguage.(WhentheSwissConfederationwasestablishedin1848,itwascalledtheConfederationHelvetica),whichisusuallyabbreviatedasCHfintheinternationalarena.
ThenameoftheSwissfrancisswissfranc,sothesymboloftheSwissfrancistheabbreviationCHofthecountryofSwitzerland,plustheabbreviationFofthefranc,whichiswhythesymboloftheSwissfrancisCHF.
CHF=ConfederationHelveticaFranc(SwissFranc)
CHF:SwissFranc
Amongthem,ConfederationHelvetica(FederationofHelvetica)istheSwissConfederationLatinname.
Exchangerate
1Swissfranc=1.042USdollars;
1Swissfranc=6.8250yuan;
1Swissfranc=0.7668Britishpounds;
1Swissfranc=115.415yen;
1Swissfranc=8.1471HongKongdollar;
1Swissfranc=1.3023Australiandollar;
1Swissfranc=1.2699Canadiandollars;
Note:asofSeptember17,2017
Circulationareah2>
ItismainlydistributedinSwitzerland,Liechtenstein,andCampone(Italy),anditoccupiesaveryimportantpositionintheinternationalforeignexchangemarket.
Swissfranc(Swissfranc)isthelegaltenderofSwitzerlandandLiechtenstein,issuedandmanagedbytheSwissNationalBank.TheSwissfrancisalsoknownasthetraditionalsafe-havencurrency.SinceSwitzerlandisapermanentlyneutralcountry,Switzerlandisconsideredthesafestplaceintheworld.CoupledwiththeprotectionpoliciesadoptedbytheSwissgovernmentonfinanceandforeignexchange,alargeamountofforeignexchangehasflowedintoSwitzerland,andtheSwissfranchasbecomeastableandpopularinternationalsettlementandforeignexchange.Transactioncurrency.
Anti-counterfeitingtechnology
Portraitversion
Swissfrancanti-counterfeitingtechnologyanalysis:Swissfrancisnotonlyavant-gardeindesign,brightincolor,advancedinanti-counterfeiting,andexcellentinplatemakingandprintingquality.Moreover,thepublicdefendingagainstcounterfeitingisextremelymeticulousandhumanized.Theanti-counterfeitingpointsaredirectlymarkedwiththeEnglishletterAH,whichisveryeasyforthepublictodistinguishbetweentrueandfalse.
Themainanti-counterfeitingfeaturesofSwissfrancs:
A:Magneticnumbersprintedwithslightlyreflectivecolorinkscanbeidentifiedwithprofessionalequipment.
B:Watermarknumbers,thedenominationnumberscanbeseenthroughthelight.
C:Thenumbercanbedecolorized,rubbinghardonthepapercanproducedecolorizationeffect,thepatternisgravureprinting,withobvioushandfeeling.
D:Punchnumbers,seethroughthelightorobservefromdifferentangles.
Youcanfindthedenominationnumberscomposedofmanytinyholes.
E:Thedenominationnumberprintedwithopticallyvariableink.Whenviewedfromdifferentangles,thenumberturnsfrompurpletogreen.
F:Thereisayellowfluorescentreactionintheshadingunderthepurplelight.ThereisadenominationnumberprintedwithfluorescentinkontherightsideoftheportraitcorrespondingtopointF.
G:Thedenominationnumbercomposedofthemicrotext"snbbns"printedwithmetallicink,reflectingsilverlightunderthelight.
AtH:Theinvisibledenominationnumbercomposedofhorizontallinescanbefoundwhenyouchangetheangleofobservation.
Temperaturechangeink,alsoknownasthermalcolorchangeink,temperaturechangecolorink,thermalinkortemperaturedisplayink,isaspecialanti-counterfeitinginkthatcanchangecolorwithtemperaturechanges.Itsapplicationscopeincludescurrency,Specialpurposeprintingsuchasbills,anti-counterfeitinglabels,andwinepackaginganti-counterfeiting.Theanti-counterfeitingmaterialoftemperaturechangeinkissynthesizedbyaspecialchemicalsynthesismethod,organiccomplexandinorganiccompoundwithspecificcolorchangetemperature(10℃,20℃,30℃,40℃,50℃,60℃,70℃,80℃)Saltcoordinationcompoundsandliquidcrystalmolecules,etc.Temperaturechangeinksaremainlydividedintosevenseries:reversibledecolorization,reversiblecolordevelopment,reversiblecolor,reversiblememorytype,reversibleintervalcolordevelopment,irreversiblecolordevelopment,andirreversiblecolor.
Handversion
Thissetofbanknotesusesapaper-plasticcompositesubstrateDurasafe,characterizedbyplasticinthemiddle,twolayersofpaperonthesurface,plasticwindowThrusafe,Viewsafewindow-openinghollowSafetyline.
Thesecond-generationSPARKLive,KinegramVolume,LaserMicroperfLatentImage,fixedwatermark.
Engravinggravureonthefrontandback,glue,gravuremicro-text,offsetprinting,fluorescentink,fluorescentfiber,infraredanti-counterfeiting.
Scholar'sopinion
SongQinghui:RMBdepreciationisexpected,butthereisnopossibilityofsubstantialdepreciation
FortheSwissfranc’s“Brexit”blackThefamouseconomistSongQinghuibelievesthattheswanincidenthaslittleimpactontherenminbi.Thereasonsinclude:first,China'sexportstoSwitzerlandaccountforarelativelylowproportionoftotalexports;second,therenminbiexchangerateismainlylinkedtotheUSdollar.AnotherseniorforeignexchangeanalystinNanjingsaidthatsincetheendofDecember2014,theexchangeratehasremainedrelativelylow,fluctuatinginthe6.19-6.3area,andisactuallywithinanormalrange.In2015,withtheeconomicdownturnandthecentralbankAsaresultofthepolicy,therenminbiwilldepreciateslightly,butthemagnitudewillnotbelarge.Asforthefuturetrendoftherenminbi,hebelievesthatin2015,therewillbetwo-wayfluctuationsinarelativelywidearea.Itisrecommendedthatfamilieswithforeignexchangeneedsshouldgraduallybuildpositions.