Implementationbackground
Since1979,China'seconomicgrowthratehasattractedworldwideattention.However,itsgrowthpointmainlydependsontheextensiveandextensiveeconomydrivenbyresources,capitalandcheaplabor.Theperiodfrom1995tothemiddleofthe21stcenturyisacriticalhistoricalperiodforachievingthethree-stepstrategicgoalofChina'smodernizationdrive.Toachievesustained,rapid,andhealthydevelopmentofthenationaleconomy,wemustrelyontechnologicalprogresstosolvetheproblemsofirrationalindustrialstructure,backwardtechnology,lowlaborproductivity,andlowqualityofeconomicgrowth,therebyacceleratingthegrowthofthenationaleconomyfromanextensionaltoaprofitableone.Strategicchange.Forthisreason,Chinaannouncedin1995thatitdecidedtoimplementthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation.
Policyestablishment
InMay1995,ComradeJiangZeminputforwardthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducationinhisspeechattheNationalConferenceonScienceandTechnology,establishingthatscience,technologyandeducationarethemeansandfoundationforrejuvenatingthecountry.policy.Thispolicyhasgreatlyincreasedtheawarenessofcadresatalllevelsoftheimportanceofscienceandtechnologyandeducation,andstrengthenedtheirunderstandingofscienceandtechnologyastheprimaryproductiveforce.Toimplementthestrategyof"rejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation",itisnecessarytogivefullplaytotheroleofscience,technologyandeducationinrejuvenatingthecountry,butalsotoworkhardtocultivatethefoundationforrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscience,technologyandeducation.Atpresent,wemustfocusmoreonstrengtheningandsupportingtechnologyandeducationtolayasolidfoundationforthecountry’sshort-termdevelopmentandlong-termstabledevelopment.Increasethecontributionrateofproducerstoeconomicgrowthandestablishhigh-techenterprisesassoonaspossible.Atthesametime,itisnecessarytostrengthentheimprovementofthequalityofthepeople,strengthenbasiceducation,payattentiontothecultivationoftalents,andattachimportancetocreativescientificresearch.Technologyandeducationhavedualfunctions.Theycannotonlyprovidevariousmeansforthecurrentsocialandeconomicdevelopment,butalsoprovidethenecessaryfoundationforcontinuousandlong-termdevelopment.Scienceandtechnologyandeducationcanprovideknowledge,technology,andtalentsforeconomicandsocialdevelopment,therebyprovidingbenefits.Itisthereturnofinvestmentinscienceandtechnologyandeducationbeforethis.
GoalRegulations
ThestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducationstipulatesthegoalsofChina’sscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment:
Goalsby2000,
PreliminaryEstablishascienceandtechnologysystemthatadaptstothesocialistmarketeconomysystemandthelawsofscienceandtechnologydevelopment.Significantprogresshasbeenmadeinindustrialandagriculturalscientificresearchandtechnologicaldevelopment,basicresearch,andhigh-techresearch.Thecontributionrateoftechnologicalprogresstoeconomicdevelopmenthasincreasedsignificantly.Economicconstructionandsocialdevelopmenthavebasicallyturnedtorelyingonscientificandtechnologicalprogressandimprovingthequalityofworkers.
Toachievethefollowingstrategicgoalsby2010,
Makethebasicallyestablishednewscientificandtechnologicalsystemmoreconsolidatedandperfect,andrealizetheorganiccombinationoftechnologyandeconomy.Prosperthecauseofscienceandtechnology,andcultivateandbringupahigh-levelscientificandtechnicalteam.Thescientific,technologicalandculturalqualityofthewholenationhasimprovedsignificantly.Thescientificandtechnologicalstrengthofsomemajordisciplinesandhigh-techfieldsisclosetoorreachestheinternationaladvancedlevel.Significantlyimprovetheabilityofindependentinnovationandmasterkeytechnologiesandsystemdesigntechnologiesforimportantindustries.Theproductiontechnologyinthemainareasisclosetoorreachesthelevelofdevelopedcountries,andtheproductiontechnologyofsomeemergingindustrieshasreachedtheinternationaladvancedlevel,layingasolidfoundationforbuildingamodernandpowerfulsocialistcountry.
Importance
Importanceandurgencyofimplementingthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation
Currently,informationscienceandinformationtechnologyarethemainfocusThemarkedworldscientificandtechnologicalrevolutionisforminganewclimax.The"knowledgeeconomy"hasenteredthehistoricalprocessofthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.Science,includingsocialscience,hasbroughtprofoundchangestosocialproductionandlifestyles.Theprogressofscienceandtechnologyhasbecomeadecisivefactorineconomicdevelopment,andthestrengthofscienceandtechnologyhasbecomeanimportantindicatorofthecountry'soverallnationalstrength.Countriesintheworld,especiallylargecountries,areformulatingandimplementingdevelopmentstrategiesorientedtothe21stcenturytoseizethecommandingheightsoftechnologyandindustry.Facingtheeconomicandtechnologicaladvantagesofdevelopedcountries,andfacingtheprominentproblemsinmycountry’seconomicandsocialdevelopment,wemustfullyunderstandtheimportanceandimportanceofimplementingthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducationfromtheperspectiveoftheprosperityofthesocialistcauseandtherejuvenationofthenation.Urgency.
Implementationpolicy
Introduction
Toimplementthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation,wemustdeepenthereformofscience,technologyandeducationsystems,andpromotescience,technology,educationandtheeconomyThecombination.Scientificandtechnologicalworkmustconsciouslyfacethemainbattlefieldofeconomicconstruction,andtakeasthemaintasktheovercomingofkeyissuesthaturgentlyneedtoberesolvedinthedevelopmentofthenationaleconomy.Throughreforms,itisnecessarytoestablishanewtypeofscienceandtechnologysystemthatadaptstothesocialistmarketeconomicsystemandthelawsofscienceandtechnologydevelopment,givefullplaytotheguidingandpromotingroleofmarketandsocialneedsinscientificandtechnologicalprogress,andvigorouslypromotethetransformationofscientificandtechnologicalachievementsintoactualproductiveforces.Itisnecessarytoestablishatechnologicalinnovationmechanism,promotequalifiedscientificresearchinstitutionsandinstitutionsofhigherlearningtoenterenterprisesorcooperatewithenterprisesindifferentforms,andcanalsosetupscientificandtechnologicalenterprises,taketheroadofcombiningproduction,educationandresearch,andmakeenterprisesthemainbodyofscientificresearchdevelopmentandinvestment.Itisnecessarytovigorouslypromoteadvancedandapplicabletechnologies,promotethecommercializationofscientificandtechnologicalachievements,protectintellectualpropertyrightsinaccordancewiththelaw,andimprovethesocializedscientificandtechnologicalservicesystem.Basicresearchshouldfollowtheprincipleof“doingsomething,notdoingsomething”,aimingatnationalgoalsandthefrontiersoftheworld,focusingonovercomingdifficulties,andfocusingonsolvingbasictheoriesandkeytechnicalissuesforfutureeconomicandsocialdevelopment.Educationshouldbeorientedtomodernization,theworld,andthefuture,optimizetheeducationalstructure,reformtheschool-runningsystemandeducationmanagementsystem,rationallyallocateeducationalresources,improvethequalityofeducationandtheefficiencyofrunningaschool,andcloselyintegrateeducationwiththeeconomy.Itisnecessarytoadapttotherequirementsofthesocialistmarketeconomyandgraduallyestablishastandardizedandeffectivemulti-channelinvestmentsystemtopromotethedevelopmentofscience,technologyandeducation.
Enhanceself-innovationability
Toimplementthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation,wemuststrengthenourowninnovationabilitywhileintroducingadvancedtechnologiesinafocusedandselectivemanner.OnFebruary4,1998,ComradeJiangZeminstatedinaresearchreportontheChineseAcademyofSciences"Welcometheeraofknowledgeeconomyandbuildanationalinnovationsystem":"Knowledgeeconomyandinnovativeconsciousnessareessentialtoourdevelopmentinthe21stcentury.ThefinancialturmoilinSoutheastAsiawillslowdownthedevelopmentoftraditionalindustries,butitwillprovideopportunitiesforindustrialrestructuring.TheAcademyofScienceshasproposedsomeideas,andthereisateam.Ithinkwecansupportthemtocarryoutsomepilotprojectsandtakeastepforward.Trulydevelopourowninnovationsystem."Inthesocialistmodernizationdrive,inaccordancewiththeneedsofChina’sscientificandtechnologicalandeconomicdevelopment,andinaccordancewiththeprinciplesofequalityandmutualbenefit,sharingofresults,protectionofintellectualpropertyrights,andrespectforinternationalpractices,wewillactivelycarryoutmulti-channelandmulti-leveldevelopment.,Thereisnodoubtaboutall-roundinternationalscientificandtechnologicalexchangesandcooperation.Atthesametime,wemustbesoberlyawarethatinnovationisthesoulofanation’sprogressandaninexhaustibledrivingforcefortheprosperityofacountry.Anationwithouttheabilitytoinnovatecanhardlystandtallamongtheworld'sadvancednations.Facingthechallengeofthe"knowledgeeconomy",wemustunremittinglystrivetoimprovethecountry'sindependentresearchanddevelopmentcapabilities,acceleratethecultivationofnewscientificandtechnologicalforces,andquicklybuildacompletenationalscientificandtechnologicalinnovationsystem.Thissystemshouldincludeaknowledgeinnovationsystemcenteredonnationalscientificresearchinstitutionsandteachingandresearchuniversities,atechnologicalinnovationsystemcenteredonenterprisesandscientificresearchinstitutions,aknowledgedisseminationsystemcenteredonuniversitiesandvocationaltraininginstitutions,andenterprisesandsocietyasthecore.Thesubject'sknowledgeapplicationsystem.Thenationalscientificandtechnologicalinnovationsystemshouldbecomethefoundationforsustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopment,thecradlefortrainingandcultivatinghigh-qualitytalents,andthepillarandbackingofmycountry'scomprehensivenationalstrengthandinternationalcompetitiveness.
Wemustrespectknowledge,talents,andeducation
Toimplementthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation,wemustrespectknowledge,talentsandeducation.Talentsarethemostimportantresourcefortechnologicalprogressandeconomicandsocialdevelopment.Theprocessofmodernizationinourcountrydependstoalargeextentontheimprovementofthequalityofthepeopleandthedevelopmentofhumanresources.Cultivatinghundredsofmillionsofhigh-qualitylaborersandtensofmillionsofspecializedtalentswhomeettherequirementsofmodernization,andgivingfullplaytotheadvantagesofourcountry'shugehumanresources,hasabearingontheoverallsituationofourcountry'ssocialistcauseinthe21stcentury.Itisnecessarytoestablishacompletesetofpersonneltraining,selection,exchangeandusemechanismsassoonaspossibletoformanenvironmentconducivetotalents,especiallytoptalents,tocometothefore.Wemustgivefullplaytotheroleofexistingscientificandtechnologicalpersonnel,especiallyyoungandmiddle-agedscientificandtechnologicalpersonnel,andstrivetocreategoodworkingconditionsforthem.Itisnecessarytoactivelyintroduceforeignintelligenceandencourageoverseasstudentstoreturntoworkinthecountryorservethemotherlandinanappropriatemanner.Attentionshouldbepaidtocultivatingandselectingscientificandtechnologicaltalentsandvariousprofessionalandtechnicalexpertsfromamongworkers,farmersandotherlaborers.Educationisthefoundationfortheimprovementofnationalqualityandthecultivationoftalents.Giveprioritytothedevelopmentofeducationandrespectteachersandeducation.Itisnecessarytovigorouslypopularizenine-yearcompulsoryeducation,eliminateyouthilliteracy,activelydevelopvocationaleducationandadulteducation,carryoutvariousformsofjobandtechnicaltraining,steadilydevelophighereducation,andfurtherdevelopandguidesocialforcestorunschools.Itisnecessarytoimplementcomprehensivequalityeducationtomeettheneedsofthesocietyforallkindsoftalents.Wemustvigorouslypopularizescientificandtechnologicalknowledgeinthewholesociety,guidepeopletoestablishascientificspirit,masterscientificmethods,encouragecreativityandinvention,carryoutmassscientificandtechnologicalactivities,usesciencetodefeatfeudalsuperstitionandignoranceandbackwardness,opposevariouspseudo-scientificactivities,andformawaytolearnscienceandtechnologyandusescienceandtechnology.Thenewfashionofscienceandtechnology,andstrivetoimprovethescientificandculturalqualityofthewholenation.CreatedbyLiuHongping.
Theimplementationofthesustainabledevelopmentstrategymustfollowthefollowingbasicprinciples:
First,theprincipleofsustainabledevelopmentandemphasisoncoordination.Focusingoneconomicconstruction,intheprocessofadvancingeconomicdevelopment,promotetheharmonybetweenmanandnature,attachimportancetosolvingpopulation,resourceandenvironmentalissues,andadheretothesustainedandcoordinateddevelopmentofeconomy,societyandtheecologicalenvironment.
Thesecondistheprincipleofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducationandcontinuousinnovation.Givefullplaytotheleading,overallandbasicroleofscienceandtechnologyastheprimaryproductiveforceandeducation,acceleratethepaceoftechnologicalinnovation,vigorouslydevelopvarioustypesofeducation,andpromotethecloseintegrationofsustainabledevelopmentstrategiesandthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation.
Thethirdistheprincipleofgovernmentregulationandmarketregulation.Givefullplaytotheenthusiasmofthegovernment,enterprises,socialorganizationsandthepublic.Thegovernmentshouldincreaseinvestment,strengthensupervision,playaleadingrole,provideagoodpolicyenvironmentandpublicservices,makefulluseofmarketmechanisms,andmobilizetheparticipationofenterprises,socialorganizationsandthepublicsustainabledevelopment.
Fourthistheprincipleofactiveparticipationandextensivecooperation.Strengthenopeningtotheoutsideworldandinternationalcooperation,participateineconomicglobalization,makeuseofbothinternationalanddomesticmarketsandtworesourcestopromotesustainabledevelopmentinalargerspace.
Fifth,theprincipleofkeybreakthroughsandcomprehensiveadvancement.Makeoverallplanning,highlightkeypoints,andimplementstepbystep;focusonhuman,materialandfinancialresources,selectkeyareasandkeyareas,andmakebreakthroughs.Onthisbasis,comprehensivelypromotetheimplementationofsustainabledevelopmentstrategies.
Implementationsignificance
Thesignificanceoftheimplementationofthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducation
(1)Scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductiveforces,andtechnologicaldevelopmentisThedecisivefactorofeconomicdevelopment,thefundamentaltaskofsocialismistoliberateanddevelopproductiveforces.Theimplementationofthestrategyofrejuvenatingthecountrythroughscienceandeducationisconducivetoachievingtwofundamentalchanges,adjustingandoptimizingtheindustrialstructure,cultivatingneweconomicgrowthpoints,improvingtheeconomicefficiencyofenterprises,openingupnewmarketspace,andgreatlypromotingthedevelopmentofproductivity.
(2)TheimplementationofthestrategyofrevitalizingthecountrythroughscienceandeducationbytheChinesegovernmentistheperformanceoforganizingandleadingtheconstructionofsocialisteconomyandtheconstructionofspiritualcivilization.Theimplementationofthesefunctionsbythestateisconducivetopromotingeconomicdevelopmentandoverallsocialprogress,improvingthepeople'smaterialandculturallivingstandards,andrealizingthegoalsandobjectivesofsocialism.Itismoreconducivetoconsolidatinganddevelopingthesocialistsystemandrealizingthestabilityofthecountryandsociety;itisconducivetostrengtheningmycountry'soverallnationalstrengthandimprovingmycountry'sinternationalstatus.
Scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductiveforces.Scienceandtechnologyconstituteaprimaryproductiveforce.
Rejuvenatingthecountrybyscienceandeducationandstrengtheningthecountrybytalentsexistsidebyside,andthetwocomplementeachotherandareinseparable.