Introduction
Drainage 100 ~ 1000 tons of submarines. Small submarines are mainly used to attack the coast, base and anchor boat, port and portal, transport special personnel, collect information, underwater rules. In addition to the navigation and communication systems, according to the drainage and the mission of the boat, equipped with weapons such as torpedoes, mine, missiles. It has the advantages of small size, good maneuverability, flexible, low noise, low cost, convenient for large quantities, convenient transportation, etc., suitable for some special tasks in close seas, narrow sea or shallow water seas. A typical small submarine is the Soviet Union (Russia) "Birafish" (865), the first boat built in 1984 in the Leninja Navy shipyard, double housing structure, pressure-resistant housing material is titanium alloy, boat The part is an elliptical body shape, and the 艉 is spindle shape; the water discharge is 218 tons, the water discharge is 390 tons, 29.2 meters long, 5.1 meters high; 1 diesel engine, the power is 160 kW; 1 promotion motor, power 60 KW, a single paddle, the tube, the tube can be deflected; the maximum speed of 6.4, the largest speed of 6.6 water is 6.6 sessions can be sailed in 60 nautical miles; the largest endurance of 4 days in the ventilation of 4 days; the maximum dive depth 200 meters Self-sufficient 10 days and night; 3 boaters can carry 6 divers. There are 2 outer torpedoes and 2 containers. 2 transmit tubes can carry 2 400mm diameter torpedoes or human fiscal mines, or 8 mines, boaters can control, direct launch of fish thunder or placed in water; 2 containers for storing frog people equipment . Electronic equipment has radio communication equipment, navigation systems, and primary passive radar systems. The "Mirafish" series also has a slightly large amount of 245 tons, 400 tons of small submarines, and 12 sections. Iran built a "whale" small submarine in 2006, with a drainage volume of 270 ~ 300 tons, the largest speed of 10, the largest speed of 5, and 5 people were prepared. 20 assault teams, carrying equipment organic guns, RPG-7 rockets, etc., such as light weapons and photographic, reconnaissance equipment, etc. Mainly equipped with 2 small torpedo transmitters, with the ability to launch torpedoes and small missiles. Small submarines originate from Italy. In the Second World War, Germany, the United Kingdom and Japan have also developed and used small submarines. The small submarine has been developed in the late 1970s. In the early 1980s, it has been greatly valued by many coastal countries in the early 1980s. The development trend is to install the power system that does not rely on air; pays attention to survival capacity, improves stealth; improves the degree of automation, reducing people equipped; developing high-performance potent weapons systems, enhancing attack power.
Main model
France SMX-22 close-sea submarine
SMX-22 close-sea submarine has three somar submarines : One drain of 2750 tons of maternal submarine and 2 pieces of drain of 480 tons of submarine.
The mother submarine uses a double-layer housing structure, the outer casing is 8 meters, 84.3 meters long, the maximum width is 8 meters, the dive depth is more than 250 meters, the underwater speed is greater than 17, 25, the boatman, The role is to deliver the child submarine to the combat seas, and go to the submarine to the combat plan and assign combat mission, and through the information network command operations. In addition, it also assumes the launch of cruise missiles to the coastal target, launching mines and missiles from enemy ships and submarines.
Drainage 480 tons of submarine is the main force in the offshore shallow water area. They also use double-layer housing structures, 5.3 meters of outer shells, 36 meters long, down-depth depth can exceed 250 meters, underwater speed is not less than 17, equipped with 10 boat, underwater autonomous cruise time is 25 days, Sustainable operations for 1-2 days. Reconnaissance, detecting mine, Bray, using torpedoes and missiles to attack enemies and support frog people in shallow water.
France SMX-23 type offshore submarine
In 2006, "European Navy Technology Equipment Exhibition", DCNS first public display SMX-23 type offshore Submarine design. The spokesman said that SMX-23 submarines utilize seven-made technology and systems that have been used on "squid"-level submarines, by controlling the largest voyage and dive depth, the cost is reduced to half of the "squid" level, pursuit It is "best price ratio".
SMX-23 submarine is 48.8 meters long and 855 tons of water surface drains, using a double-layer boat, a dive depth of 200 meters, and can continue to stay underwater at 4: 60 hours. Its battery life can reach 1850 nautical miles when the water is 880. The SMX-23 rated boatman can also be equipped with 2 coaches. The boat design is 15 days, and 280 days can be run each year, with a service life of 35 years, the large repair interval is 96 months.
SMX-23 has precise navigation capabilities in the shallow sea, can stay in the sea to implement monitoring tasks, and it is also suitable for special forces to combat, intelligence collections and Brey, its integrated navigation system includes inertia navigation, GPS , Compass, precise time and frequency measuring instrument and an electronic drawing and display information system.
Germany 210 concept Submarine
Germany Tyssen Krupp Maritime System Company (TKM) S also believes that there is a universal multi-function in the market Compact submarine. The company's response is to use a 209-type, 212A, 214 submarine mature system and technology, and design a 210-type submarine with a drain of about 1,000 tons.
210 submarine adopts a single shell single cabin design, 56 meters long, 1000 tons under water, 5.3 meters of the pressure-resistant hull, the depth of the dive can reach 250 meters, using X-type rudder enhancement machine sex. This small submarine is equipped with 533 mm caliber torpedo hair tube, which can emit heavy torpedoes, anti-ship missiles or mine, and there are space on the boat to place 6 spare bombs. There are 2 programs on the boats: 2 shifts require 15 boats; 3 shrouded values require 21 boats.
210 submarine uses low speed, low noise Siemens Permasyn main promotes motor, and has 2 battery compasses, located in the head and boat tail, each of which includes 216 battery cells. . TKMS claims that the existing lead-acid battery technology can achieve higher underwater navigation speed. Meet the capacity of the battery can be ensured that the battery capacity can be fixed to 4000 nautical miles when sailing at 4 rows.
210 type boat also emphasizes the design of the shock of the podium, with a lower thickness of the 212A, and the "Ula" platform is better hydroctional performance. The above features, 4 can be installed on the housing of the podium: a ventilation tube mast (when charging the battery, it provides air for the diesel generator), a navigation radar mast, a communication Mast and a perisope.
In addition to the periphery, all masts are non-penetrating. In fact, the installation space and submarine load capacity reserved in the design can be integrated with 3 additional masts. TKMS recommends: 1 ESM, 1 EO sensor, and 1 UHF satellite communication antenna. The inlet and export passage in the podium enclosure also includes a closed compartment that can accommodate 2 people.
Russia "Amur" series of submarines
Russian Red Gemstand Central Design Bureau has developed a small drainage of nearhai submarine "Amur" 550 and "Amur" 750 Type, which is based on "Amur" 1650 (No. 677 project) conventional power submarine.
This series of boats use a double-layer housing structure, and there is no obvious protrusion of the outer surface of the boat. The flow hole on the non-pressure-resistant housing changes from the long hole of the "Kito" stage to a slit, further reduces the water flow resistance. The front horizontal rudder is also moved from the "Kioco" level on the upper deck of the podium, and the tail is a cross-type manipulation surface, and a life-saving communication buoy is provided. Due to the adoption of new computers, the automation of the row boat has improved, and the fire control system can simultaneously decide and attack 2 goals, from target identification to launch attack only 15 seconds. It is said that the combat performance of the class has increased by 2-3 times compared to the "Kiolo" level of conventional submarines.
In addition, the Russian Peacock Submarine Design Bureau has also developed many small submarines, including P-130, P-170, "Scissors-Tu", "Scissors-2", P-550, P-650E, P-750 and other levels and their improved types. These submarines are between 130-1000 tons, can be dive from 200-300 meters. Their cruise is between 2000-4500 nautical miles, self-sustaining between 20-30 days. Although these submarines have a relatively small body shape, they can carry a variety of weapons, including torpedoes and mines, while larger P-550, P-650E and P-750 can also carry cruise missiles.
takes a P-750 submarine with a standard drainage of 950 tons (1000 tons after the AIP device module), the row of 68.4 meters, the underwater speed is 16, underwater sustained navigation Distance 1200 nautical miles, dive depth of 300 meters, 30 days of self-sustaining, and 9 boatters plus 6 fans people. The weapon includes a 433 mm torpedo launcher, which can not only launch the torpedo can also launch cruise missiles. The class boat also has 8 anti-submarine detonators of 400 mm, and can also be carried with 24 mines with outboard equipment. In addition, 4-cruise missile vertical launch tube can also be installed on the plate, and the 3M-14E missile of the "Club-S" system is used to combat 300 kilometers.
Italy Russia S1000 submarine
is developed by the Italian Shipbuilding Financial Group, the Russian Russian Ocean Engineering Central Design Bureau S1000 submarines are the third generation of close-sea submarines. The primary task for S1000 is designed to perform anti-submarine war, special war, secret monitoring, intelligence collection and reconnaissance in the shallow area, other tasks include anti-ship war, combating land goals, Bray and support at sea air combat.
This type of boat is designed with a single housing single-capsule, a length of 56.2 meters, and the diameter of the pressure-resistant hull is 5.5 meters. The drainage volume is about 1,000 tons, the maximum dive depth is 250 meters, and the boatman is about 16 people. 7 leaf low noise propeller, X-type control surface and horizontal rudder, patrol continuation is about 10 days. Its power system includes 2 650 kW diesel generators (each equipped with 112 lead-acid battery cells), and 1 200 kW fuel cell.
The boat has 6 torpedo torpedo, which is a weapon cabin, which can store 8 heavy torpedo, anti-ship missiles or remote attack missiles. The lower part of the boat is installed with a C303 fish thunder. Device. The S1000 submarine can also be equipped with air defense weapons as needed for combating anti-submarine helicopters and sea patrols.
The sonar group equipped with this type of submarine includes a square matrix, an interceptor, a mine / obstacle avoidance, and a set of self-noise monitoring systems. In terms of radar and sensors, S1000 has a non-penetrating photoelectric mast (including television, infrared and laser ranging sensors and radar alarms), radar wave ESM (on special masts) and an i (x) band navigation radar . In terms of communication systems, two communication masts are installed on the boat, one for providing an antenna function for VHF, UHF, GPS, and Inmarsat-C, which is also equipped with an HF whip antenna; another is used to install HF. Satellite communication antenna of VHF and UHF.