RNA induces a silencing complex (English: RNA-Induced Silencing Complex, RISC): A composite formed of siRNA and Argonaute protein and Dicer enzyme. In RNAI, the target mRNA was cut with siRNA to reach the gene silencing.
studies have shown that the DICER in RISC has a RNASEIII structure domain, which is responsible for catalyzing the production of siRNA in the starting phase of RNAi, and the role of stabilizing the RISC intermediate structure and function during the RISC assembly; Argonaute protein is The core protein in RISC has two main structural domains in PAZ and PIWI. The former provides a binding site for the transfer of siRNA, the latter is the enzyme cutting activity center in RISC; siRNA is a guide for RISC to complete specific cutting effects. Although only a chain of siRNA is included in the mature RISC, the double-stranded structure of siRNA in the RISC formation is a determinant that guarantees the RNAI effect.
