Basic form
Property arrangement form means that in the process of social economic movement, the home form of various property rights and specific combinations thereof. Under the modern market economy, the specific form of property rights arrangements is mainly the following:
first, private property rights. Private property rights refer to the property of the property of the property as an individual, and the decision to exercise all rights is completely a private form of property. Private property rights are the right to give all kinds of applications that are inevitably contradictory as individuals. This right is not to apply artificially or imposed restrictions on the possible use of the item, but the exclusive right to choose these uses. Under complete private property conditions, the actors use his resources to use any of the actions taken by any other person's private property. Similarly, anyone else can not be legally used in all items that have not been legally used without the compensation conditions that have not been licensed or not given to him. The effectiveness of private property rights depends on the possibility of enforcing the property rights rules and the transaction costs that must be paid, and these mandatory achievements, generally, mainly depends on the government's protection of property rights and the public's social rules. Accreditation. On the basis of private property, any parties agree that the contracts are allowed, and they don't have to get support from government forces. Only when the contract terms violates the law, the exercise of property rights will be limited by the social power expressed by government actions. In addition, property rights are not all that all rights related to resources are in one person, as long as everyone has non-coincident rights, many people exercise on a certain resource or asset still have the nature of private property.
second, the community property rights (club property rights). The community or club is the first to establish an organization established in a certain rule. It has some kind of resource in accordance with some rules, and provides a shared club product to our members, and collects certain fees to the club members in accordance with some rules, each member can consume the community or club products according to certain rules. This resource or product is called a community product or club product when exercising a certain right to exercise a resource, and other members in the same group do the same right to exercise the same rights. In the sense of economics, the property rights of the community have the following characteristics: 1, exclusive. That is, there is only some qualifications, and the associations composed of various members of the community rules can share and dominate the community property, and the corresponding rights are enjoys the rights, non-commissioned personnel cannot enjoy the gain of the property rights of the community; 2, inseparable. The importance of community property rights is different from private property rights. The community property rights are completely unspeakable between community members, that is, completely coincident, even if each member can serve themselves, but there is no right for each member. Declare this property belongs to him; 3, the finite of members of the society. As a social or club property, regardless of its requirements, the number of members is limited, that is, some people can become members of the community and share their products, not all, if a resource is People can enjoy, then the property of this resource is the public property rights, not the property rights of the community.
third, public property rights. Public property rights are not exclusive to property, everyone can compete freely, anyone can't reject others using it. The public property rights are also indispensable, and property is legally all, but every member of the public cannot state ownership. It can be seen that the public property rights are similar to the property rights of the community, but there are also differences. If there is no restriction on the scale of consumption, each social member can enjoy the rights of public property. Light demands like a payment application in the case of community's property rights; each member will affect and damage the interests of other members when exercising the rights of public property, ie there is externality. Since public property is open to each social member, they allow them to freely enter, equally shared, and to get all benefits, so they are difficult to avoid hitchhike behavior and property crowding phenomenon. For example, the public is overcrowded or free bus or free park.
fourth, state-owned property rights. State-owned property rights refers to the rights of possession, use, income, and disposal of property in accordance with the property. Regardless of the society, the state must have some assets, like land, rivers, forests, minerals, and assets of certain monopoly industries. ≥ Constitution stipulate that country is the only ownership of state-owned enterprises, and ban any organization or Yu people Use any means to invade or harm the behavior of state-owned assets. In my country, China has implemented unified all, graded management, and the management system independently operated in China. Therefore, surrounding the exercise of various weights such as state-owned assets, the use, benefits, and disposal of various levels of government, corporate authority, corporate authorities, various intermediaries and many enterprise units at all levels, etc. .
fifth, legal property rights. Legal property rights, also known as the company's property, that is, how to exercise the decision of various rights to the company's assets is not made by a natural person, but is made by the company's decision-making body - legal representative agency. In general, voted by the shareholders' congress, and then by the board of directors to exercise the company's property rights and how to effectively use the company's assets, allocate company profits, and make decisions through democratic voting procedures. But in view of the fully consistent vote, it is generally impossible, while most through principles can often achieve more satisfactory results on major issues, so for company property rights, all shareholders who are in a minority ticket cannot agree or When you don't get a reaction, it can take your own shares in the form of your own opinion.
Basic link
Property Right Defiance
Property Right Defiance is the basic functions and requirements of property rights arrangements, mainly including two basic links or regulations,
< P> One is to clearly define and divide the rights, and determine their boundaries and power. Generally speaking, the basic requirements defined by property rights are clarity, only clarity can achieve the purpose of defining. However, due to the existence of transaction costs, the more clear and better, sometimes a certain blur can reduce the cost of transaction, more efficient, such as the monthly ticket for the bus, but the buffet of the restaurant, but blurring property is easy to cause Moral Hazard.The second is to set the rights to who, who is owned or given. If the property rights are set to a person is private property, it is defined to use a person who is not allowed to use, it is a common property right. It is defined to a public group is public property rights. An asset often has a variety of attributes and multiple rights, sometimes defining different subjects more efficiently. On the issue of ownership, the key issue is how people get the basis or scale of property rights to determine? Or, what do we have to enjoy property rights? The property rights configuration refers to the principle of optimization, will be initially defined. Property rights are combined and combined in a certain manner to make it maximum efficient or optimal way.
Property Rights
Under market economy, the basis of property rights is the market mechanism or market transaction, but the government should macroscopically guide the property rights configuration. The basis of property rights configuration, some people pay attention to the principle of efficiency, emphasize whether it is conducive to efficiency to maximize the configuration of property rights; some people pay attention to impartiality, believe that the justice is all systems, including the primary value of the property rights system; some people pay attention to fairness and efficiency, of course Whoever has different opinions for who is priority. Different property rights definitions, property rights configuration can produce different social property rights structures, and the property rights structure is the foundation of social structure. Different property rights structures will have different social moralities, and even the entire social structure will have different effects.
Property Protection
Property Protection is a key part of the property rights system, leaving effective property rights protection, all property rights definition and property rights allocation cannot be effectively achieved, and even have no doubt righteous. Therefore, if property rights are premise that the premise of property rights arrangements, the property rights configuration is the basic way of property rights operation, and property protection is the key to property rights. The property rights arranged in our understanding have the effect of morality, including property rights defining, property rights allocation and property rights protection and restrictive role.