Basicintroduction
Therearetwotypesofletterpairs,oneisthatthepronunciationandwritingofthetwolettersarethesame,thatis,thesameletter(AA);theotheristwoThepronunciationofthelettersisthesamebutthewritingisdifferent(Aa).Inbothcases,thecorrectresponseis"same".(Fordetails,see"CognitivePsychology"WangSuWangAnshengPekingUniversityPress)
Experimentalmethod
1.1.Purpose:
Bymeasuringthesubjects’encodingofshort-termmemoryinformation,theapplicationofresponsetimemeasurementtechnologyincognitiveresearchismastered.
Discusstheinformationencodingmethodandencodingprocessofshort-termmemory.
1.2.Experimentaldesign:
3×3factorexperimentaldesign.
Thereare2independentvariables:lettercombinationform(samesound,samesound,differentsound,differentsound);
letterpresentationform(atthesametime,delay0.5s,delay2s).
Thedependentvariableistherespondent'sresponsetimeandcorrecterrorrate.
1.3.Equipmentandsubjects:
1.3.1InstrumentsComputerandPsyTechpsychologicalexperimentsystem.
1.3.2MaterialsDifferentcombinationsofuppercaseAandBandlowercaseaandb.
(AA,BB,Aa,Bb)×12,(AB,BA,Ab,Ba)×6total72times.
1.3.3Participants54sophomoresintheschool.
1.4.Method:
1.4.1Mainprogram
Logintheprogram,select"Visualandauditorycodingofshort-termmemory".Settheparametersandentertheexperiment.
Guideline:Thisisanexperimentcomparingletters.Aftertheexperimentstarts,thescreenwillshowmultiplesetsofuppercaseandlowercaseletters.PleaseusetheNo.1reactionboxtojudgeeachsetofletterspresented.Thejudgmentprinciplesareasfollows:1.Iftheshapeisthesameortheshapeisdifferent,thepronunciationisthesame,pressthe"+"key;2.,Theshapeandpronunciationaredifferent,pressthe"-"key.Itisrequiredtorespondasquicklyaspossibleunderthepremiseofaccuracy.Afteryouunderstandtheaboveinstructions,youcanpracticefirst,andclickthe"formalexperiment"buttontostartaftertheexerciseisover.
Aftertheexperimentstarts,thescreenwillshowtwolettersatatime.Thereare3formsofrandompresentation:simultaneouspresentation,oneletterispresentedafter0.5secondsfromanotherletter,andoneletterispresentedafter2secondsfromanotherletterPresent.Participantsjudgedwhetherthetwoletterspresentedarethesameandresponded,andrecordedtheresponsetime.
After72judgmentsaremade,the"ExperimentEnd"promptwillpopup,thedatawillbeautomaticallysaved,andtheexperimentwillcontinuewiththechangeofsubjects.
1.4.2Experimentalerrorcontrol
Threedelayformsarerandomized,anddifferentformsoflettercombinationsarepresentedinLatinsquarearrangement.
Thesamplenumberis55,whichcanoffsetindividualdifferencestoexploretheuniversalmemorycodingprocess.
1.4.3Afterallthesubjectsaretested,saveandorganizethedata.