Historical origin
Mianzhu Year painting originated from the Northern Song Dynasty, in the Ming Dynasty, in the Qing Dynasty, after the establishment of the People's Republic of China The aesthetic taste of new content and modern people.
Song Dynasty, due to the invention of orthodontics, the wood year painting began to be widely populated and developed in Chinese folks. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's four-year-old China Four New Year Painting Production Center is formed: Sichuan Mianzhu Annual Painting and Tianjin Yangliuqing, Shandong Weifang, Jiangsu Taohua, is known as the Chinese New Year.
In the Qing Dynasty, Ye, Sichuan Urban and Rural Areas Generally built the clubhouse, hired Mianzhu and the plasticist sculpture, the painted beam wall, so that the art of the annual painters in practice; Mianzhu paper industry continues to develop And innovation, experiment success "powder sheet paper"; year-old painting workshop management is perfect, detailed division of labor, special personnel, excellence, no matter how typically, the layout is high, and there is a characteristic genre and personal style; foreign provinces and local The painter has the effect of the medium. Mianzhu County Zhun: "The vendors are far away from Shaanxi Gong, wrapped in silver to come to the city, and they were all over the city." "
Qianlong, Jiaqing year, due to The economic prosperity, the year of Mianzhu entered the Dingsheng period, the annual painting will also establish corresponding, name "Fuxi Club", there are more than 900 professional employees, more than 300 workshops, annual birth year painting 12 million, product except for two lakes, Shaanxi Outside all parts of Sichuan, Gan, Qing and Sichuan are also exported to India, Japan, Vietnam, Myanmar and Hong Kong and Macao and other countries and regions.
The painter is more than the river, the purchase of sales, hoarding, and has become the business content of the paper.
The "Mianzhu County" in Qing Xianfeng's year said: "The profit of bamboo paper gives tens of thousands of families, then printed as a book, made a peach, painting as a multicolored gods, embellished. "
Mianzhu County has a small year painting market. The city is in the city of Zhongbeiheba and Qing Dao Township, from the Qing Dao Township to the Nine Temple, about 15 miles. The city is in the city of Nanhua Palace. From the beginning of the twelfth month, it is necessary to sell to two more days until the twelfth lunar month. Mianzhu year painted by the painter, in addition to the provinces and in addition to the provinces, also sold in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Yunnan, Guizhou, and exported to Vietnam, Myanmar, India and Southeast Asia.
Due to the bankruptcy of rural economy and warlords, the people do not have a lot of people's purchase power, plus Mianzhu County Haoges, the bandits, the size of the paper mill is laid or burned, the year paintings have all closed . Mianzhu year painting in the past is full of "Dan Qingzhi is not a decline" decline.
Mianzhu New Year painting, because of the birth of New China, the new students have been obtained. Since then, Mianzhu Annual Painting Art In the push-out, a batch of young year paintings will grow rapidly under the counseling of the old generation, they seriously study Absorbing the expression techniques and characteristics of traditional annual painting art, and play a rich expression of modern art, and created a batch of new year paintings.
Production Process
Mianzhu Year painting production procedures and features are handmade and hook lines, according to China's folk art well-known:
1, Ming Express Ming: It is a kind of fine richness of the painter;
2, chalk: pen dips gold powder or silver powder epithelial pattern;
3, Huajin: Yes After the painting, use the wooden flower-type stamp, turn the gold or silver pattern, and the flowering is more than 30, divided into a flower, a hat flower, a corner flower, a cuff flower;
4, print: After printing ink lines and painting, copying with the original printing version (except faces), then sprinkle the golden powder or silver powder, then drag the gold wire or silver line after sweep the aftertime powder
5, ink: pay attention to ink baked and elegant tones;
6, regular, striking color is simple;
7, water foot : That is a few big blinds, is a special drawing of the bamboo year painting.
Artistic Characteristics The painting is strong
In the drawing style, Mianzhu Year painting has undertaken the production style of manual drawing years before the Tang Dynasty, inherited The style of the engraving of the annual paintings after the Tang Dynasty. Like other Chinese paintings, the first is to engrave the line version. However, the line version only plays outlined in Mianzhu Year painting, never set up, and finally completes all by hand-painted, through different artists' hand, showing different styles, the same artist draws different framework, will also produce different fun . There is a clear difference with the color version of the printing in other regions. This is one of the main features of Mianzhu New Year's paintings from other people's annual paintings, and is also the wonderful place of Mianzhu Year.
In addition, Mianzhu Year painting is used in paper, with a pen, and it is also a piece of color. Traditional Mianzhu New Year painting usually uses a powder paper (a thin-thin Pengzhou white mud on the localized earth paper) and 鸳 笔 (special flat pen, while water, one side), color multi-purpose mineral color and China Folk dye plus gelatin is modulated. The painting process, the artist is called a black (referring to the black line version) two white (referring to the character of the character, the bottom color of the character, the bottom of the boots) three golden (nature crown and orange yellow) colorful clothes (refer to the red, pink, Huang Dan, Buddha, blue, green, etc.). Give people a strong, bright and bright, contrasting the harmonious color effect, the wind blows the sun. Due to the pen, paper, with color uniqueness, make Mianzhu Year painted with a rich native flavor and distinctive place characteristics. In addition, it is also supplemented by "Ming Exhibition Ming" techniques, with the same type of shaders, and enhances the rhythm and decoration of the picture.
Mianzhu's year paintings are painted, with a strong national characteristics and distinctive characteristics. Mianzhu Year's paintings illustrate the symmetrical, complete, full, the main secondary, diverse unity; the color is used in comparison, coloring, gorgeous, strong, constitutes red fire, warm artistic effect; lines are sure to wash, smooth, just soft combination Summary, has a strong rhythm; and exaggerated, deformed, symbolizes, meaning, more harmonious effects.
In the form, Mianzhu Year paint mainly has woodclile color, drawing, completely draws three kinds. In the technique, some techniques of traditional Chinese architectural decoration, colorful, colorful, comparable to strong and harmonious.
Mianzhu Year painting has a distinctive place. The composition is symmetrical, complete, full, and then distinguished, and unified. The color is simple and beautiful, strong and bright, constitutes a red fire, and the enthusiastic art effect. Use the line to scrub, smooth, just softly, and have a strong rhythm. Modeling often uses exaggeration, variation, symbol, meaningful manifestations, making shaping art images vividly touching.
Color bright bright
The year-aragon artist uses as bright colors as possible on their works, so that the picture is lively, stimulating, full of vitality and vitality. But in a strong contrast, it is also appropriate to pay attention to it. They often use a small amount of Columns: "Two-door Gray", or gold, silver, black, white isotive, face in the middle of the contrast intense color to coordinate the picture hue. The artists have summed up the color experiences that have been summed up in practice, and the thoughts have become a sentence containing a deep aesthetic principle: "Deep, 酽 (referring to concentration), deeper, deep." The color of Mianzhu Year is multi-use mineral colors and civil dyes. According to the production of different ingredients, the color of the works is colorful, and the sun is solemn.
Line is ambiguous
line is the basic means of modeling model and composition of Mianzhu Wooden, and the form is standing, and the god is transmitted. Mianzhu annual paintings accumulated a complete set of artistic laws in the long-term artistic practice. Mianzhu Year of the Artsman has a painting "Flowing pleats (finger line) to be aive, the iron line pleats are straight." This changed change is the dynamic and static artistic treatment of Mianzhu New Paintings, it gives the entire picture Give a rhythm and rhythm.
The content is widely used
Mianzhu year paintings have an evil spirits, custom habits, life production, drama story, historical figures, myths, ironic humor, flower birds, etc. . Forms, colorful, have a door painting, fighting party, cross, middle hall, strip, single, wood version, etc., with the development of the times, add new forms such as album, fan, New Year card, calendar, desk calendar, hand volume, advertising year painting and other new forms .
Theme works
Mianzhu Year painting (4 photos)
Mianzhu Year of Mianzhu in the Dingsheng is mainly distributed in Mianzhu City and Southwest Rural, style Various. Such as clearing the road workshop, the colorful water robe; obey the workshop, the beauty, the doll drama, the story; the city annual painting works, heavy drafting, scallion, fighting party, case or both painting.Mianzhu Year of the Year of the Mianzhu Dividend, two categories of black goods. Red goods refers to the painting of the painting, including the door painting, fighting party, and the drawing. Among them, the door painting production is diverse, there is a size of large hair, two hair, three hair, stickers, the door, the door, the stove door; the paint is divided into the hall, strip, cross, single, etc., for the hall, The living room, corridor and livestock circle are used. Black goods refers to a wooden version of the wooden version of the landscape, more landscape, flower birds, gods and celebrities, which are in the middle hall, and this class is mostly in the middle hall.
Mianzhu annual painting content is wide, avoiding evil, historical figures, drama story, folk folk style, celebrity words, flower bird fish, etc., according to production methods, "墨", "filling" and "filling Three categories.
"墨 ": 即 wood board (generally known as black goods), the content is mostly folk and celebrity words, myths, etc.
"Ink": The ink is mainly ink, the color is elegant, the approximate Chinese painting "lowercase", which is more than the god and various drama stories.
"色" (generally referred to as red goods), according to the sminy can be divided, there is "Ming Qi Ming", "Color Jin", "Print", "Flower Gold", "Standing "," Ink "and" filling foot ". Among them, "Ming Qi Ming" is the most common and delicate, and the color is also very colorful. As for "pushing foot", use color, a few pens, excavation, but very vividly.
Door God is the main variety of Mianzhu Traditional Year. From the specification, there is a large hair, two hair, and three won (Mao is the opening of the special powder paper of Mianzhu New Painting).
The so-called big hair is painted on the whole powder paper. Most of the paintings of Qi Qiong, Yu Chi Gong and other military will be called Wu Men. Put it on the gate, intend to protect the housing.
Diama, that is, posted on the two-door Wenmen God, its painting is slightly smaller than the former, such a multi-line, seeking Xi Xi, seeking rich content.
3 Mao's three hair on the bedroom door or the stove house door, the frame is smaller than the two hair, most of them are beautiful women, doll themes, such as watching beauty, eight treasure bids, etc.
There is also a rare landing door, which is a very large gantry as the door. This type of door is often seen on the huge dragon gantry of the old age, the content is more than the military. The most interesting thing is Chinese folklore, "three monkeys,", "three monkeys", "dog bites", "watching official pot" and other Chinese folklore.
Mianzhu year painting theme is very rich, there is a historical figure that is loved by the people, the heroic warrior, Juan Xiu's beauty, happy children and the animal figs of Xiangrui. The fighting party, mostly satirical and meaningful, is a Chinese folk irony. Such as "mouse marriage", "three monkeys" and so on. Miscellaneous, mostly referred to the Chinese folklore, as well as the most moving plots in the filial piety, Fushou culture, opera and literary works. There is also a Chinese folk style flower bird painting. Such as "Twenty-four filial piety", "Baishou Map", "Journey to the West", etc. Traverse, generally a banner drawing of many large scenes, such as "Spring Map", "Baizi", etc.
From the form, Mianzhu New Year is divided into a fighting party, cross, middle hall, strip, etc., similar to the same country's painting, but unique. Mianzhu Year of the Bamboo New Year, is not a literati, but a "mouse,", "three monkeys," self-cultivation. Mianzhu Year painting is generally the "Wen Ji Renang", "Wen Ji Gui", and the "Spring Map", which express many large scenes of the characters.
Mianzhu Year's picture bar has four screens, eight screens, and twelve screens. The content of the content of the plot is the history story of the plot, the myth legend, such as the "Three Kingdom Romance", "Baihou Map", "Twenty Filial Piety".
Bamboo Year's Chinese painting is a good fortune, such as "Ma Guardian", "Purple Gaozhao", etc. With the changes in the aesthetic taste of people, a large number of new year-in-a-style new year with a large number of modern people. At the same time, the form and content of the mount have made reform and innovation.
Inherit Development
Mianzhu City is a famous city of Sichuan Province, accumulating a colorful local culture in the long history of the long river, Mianzhu Chinese folk wood new year paintings one. "Mianzhu New Year Painting Festival" hosted by Mianzhu Municipal People's Government of Sichuan Province, held from January to February each year.
in 1993, Mianzhu City was named "The Township of China" by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China.
in 1994, Mianzhu Annual Painting was selected as "China's Chinese folk art".
in 1997, Mianzhu Annual Picture won the 5th China Art Send award.
Mianzhu Annual Painting has been collected by more than 50 museums, tens of thousands of experts, scholars and collectors in the world; "People's Daily", "People's China", "Today China ", Hong Kong" Wenhui Daily "," Declaration "," New Evening News ", Taiwan" Dadi "and other two hundred newspapers, magazines, radio, TV station propaganda, introduction. He has went to the United States, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, Shang Walter, Mali, Chile, Hong Kong, Taiwan and other 30 countries and regions.
At the same time, Mianzhu Annual Painting Agency has hundreds of Mianzhu traditional year paintings, hand-painted annual paintings, 蜀 embroidered year painting, Mianzhu Dynasty painting hand-painted calendar, hand-painted postcard, publishing year painting, advertising year painting, wood carving year painting, silk painting year painting in China External sales, or gift gifts for state foreign propaganda.
With the support of relevant departments at the central, provincial, municipal, county, investing more than 46 million, establishing a Mianzhu New Museum, became a collection, organizing, research, creation, publishing, developing, selling, The annual painting professional museum is a year-on-year painting technology.
In February 2002, the Ministry of National Culture officially announced Mianzhu Year painting as the first national non-material cultural heritage.
According to the statistics of the Mianzhu Stylistics Bureau, 2007 Mianzhu City has more than 2 million, more than 400 employment. With the development of tourism and export business, Mianzhu Year draws annually, nearly 20%. Exported to India, Japan, Vietnam, Myanmar and other countries. The year is already a business card that is going out of Mianzhu.