Historical Origin
Guangdong lion, belonging to the Chinese lion dance. Historically comes from the Tang Dynasty court lion dance.
After the five generations of Ten countries, with the south of the Zhongyuan immigrant, the lion dance culture is introduced to the Lingnan area.
When the Ming Dynasty, the lion appeared in Guangdong, originated from Nanhai County, and was passed on to Guangzhou and Suxi.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Suxi lion began to perform.
in the late Qing Dynasty, two wide areas will prevail the folk folk folk customs.
"Cultural Revolution" begins, the lion dance is prohibited as a feudal superstition.
Since the 1980s, almost township has its own lion team, all year round, open the celebration of the drums, and the lionships, the lion is in the street, and the tour.
After the reform and opening up, the Guangdong lion is increasing and has increased and graduated, and Guangdong Foshan, Zhanjiang, Guangzhou and other places, especially the Zhujiang Delta region, the mass gall, and many places have set up a lion team. Every festival and major event, celebration, must have a lion to help.
After the 1980s, some of the streets and villages and towns have begun to establish a dragon group.
In 1980, Liwan Huawu Wushu's awakening group was established, which is the earliest lion team in Liwan District. It is also the only lion group of Guangzhou City.
January 1, 1985, under the support of the Guangzhou Municipal Committee and Municipal Government, under the direct leadership of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, Guangzhou Workers Wake-up Lion Association officially registered in the Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau and became Social groups with independent legal person qualifications, are affiliated to the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, and is the earliest residents of the People's Republic of China.
In 1997, the dragon lion group in Shake Village, Panyu Town is established.
Dance
Performance Projects
Generally 6 Class of Heqing, Competition, Friendship, Division, Array and Performing Arts.
(1) He Qing: Happy festival, the foundation, the birthday feast, the group lion Qi, the lion drums, the lions, including gold bars, money, gold brick, ingot , Jade and other props, striking a prostitute, Lu, Lu, Shou, like auspicious statement and pattern, to express congratulations.
(2) Athletics: Two or more lion classes are dedicated, winning strong, all are high and high, to seek the famous hometown, strive to be a lion domain.
(3) Association: Two or more Lionban performances, friends friendship. Deliting the fragrant, the group dances, and celebrates.
(4) Differently: lion lion on the scorpion, 蜈蚣,, spider, blue crab, etc. evil bite, swallow the evil thing, to seek evil spirits Purpose.
(5) Array: The Lions from the main family settled in various lion classes to be invited, and the lion classes were taken in different moving routines, and performing With the drum, the flag, the shout, the scene is warm. There is a plum flower array, seven-star array, gossip, and dragon array, etc.
(6) Performing Arts: The various types of Qingqing routines that perform a lion, such as the bridge blue, the drove green, the cloud ladder, Sanshiqing, the building is green, the high pole green, the gossip green, the coconut green, Ganoderma lucidum, fishing, etc. There is also a master's homage, testing the cryptological skills of the lion class.
Performance Process
When the performance, the gongs and drums, the lion dance first played a south box, which is called "open piling", then played a lion dance, Another person wearing a smile, "big head Buddha", handed over the sunflower gum debut.
Performance action
The lion dance is the main one, the lion movement has "blinking" "Wash", "身" "shake", etc. The main routine has "Qing Qing" "High Taiwan Drinking Water" "Lion Turning", "Stepping on the Pill Pile". Among them, "Cai Qing" is the essence of lion, there is a process, the process, turn, combination, etc., with dramatic and story. "Cai Qing" has been changed, derived a variety of routines, widely spread.
Drum Conservatory
(1) Drum music: General lion dance,, 锣, 钹, 地 地 特, 套, 中 堂, 小 钹, etc. Mainly cooperated with emotions and movements, convert light, heavy, slow, rhythm, and create a site atmosphere.
drum points are traditional three sounds, seven sounds, three seven sounds, plum blossom seven, mixed sound, etc.
(2) Scenery (in combination) mainly there are mountains, ridges, cliffs, valleys, holes, bridges, rivers, caves, wells, trees, grass, flowers, fish, shrimps, crabs , Turtle, snake,, bird, 蜈蚣, spider, etc.
Guangdong Wake-up Lion
Main branch
Guangzhou Sharpite lion Lion
Guangzhou's sand pit, lion is characterized by: The lion is high and narrow, the eyes can be rotated, the mouth is pen, the back, the nose, the cheeks are full, and the teeth can be reversed. Three categories showing a text-text lion, Wusi and a small lion. Through the surface or pile of tuning, moving, flash, flash, rushing, leaping, etc., the extension, anger, sorrow, music, moving, quiet, surprising, suspected eight states, showing the lion's mightyness and justify.
Foshan awakening the lion
Foshan lion is a martial arts characteristics. Foshan lion reserved the basic drum method of "顿,, flat, catch, three, fast, seven", with "light, heavy, slow, disease" techniques, to strengthen, command, run through, The role of the lion and music, the role of the lion, transfer, the intensity, from the inner feelings that express the lion, shape the character character behaved by the people represented by the lion, manufacturing the atmosphere, master the internal and external rhythm of the theme story, and let awake The lion has highlighted in virtual space with the lyseal realm.
Suxi Wake the lion
Sui Xi wake up lion gradually develop from the traditional Lion to the stool, and the lion is also developed to the high platform Lions, high boks, developed by high boots to pile lions. The difficulty of the Pile lion is also increasing, such as increasing the way of walking wire, sprouting, etc. The highest pile is close to 3 meters, the span is up to 3.7 meters, which fully reflects the characteristics of "new, high, difficult, insurance", is known as "China."
Inheritance protection
inheritance value
Guangdong lion is a well-known civil dance brand in China. The lion activities are also widely streamded in overseas Chinese communities, and become a cultural bridge between the crowd of overseas compatriots. The cultural value and meaning are far-reaching.
Inheritance
Huang Qi Tim, male, 1965 birth, the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage project lion dance (Guangdong lion) representative inheritance, number 05-2201, Declaration area: Foshan City, Guangdong Province.
Li Rongzi, male, Han nationality, born in 1965, Guangdong Suxi people. The second batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects (Guangdong lion) representative inheritors, number 02-0348, declared area: Tunxi County, Guangdong Province.
Protection measures
In November 2019, the list of "National Intangible Cultural Heritage Representative Project Protection Unit" announced, Foshan Nanhai District Museum, Suxi County Cultural Center, Guangzhou City Panyu District Shawan Cultural Center won the qualification of lion dance (Guangdong lion) protection.
Social Influence
Important activities
2004, Guangdong Xixi lion show in the French Paris Alithe Street.
In 2008, Guangdong Suxi Xian lion was invited to participate in the literary performance before the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.
March 8, 2017, the 13th Guangzhou Folk Culture Festival and Huangpu "Boss" Millennium Temple Fair opened in the Nanhai Temple Scenic Area, Guangdong wake up lion was invited to participate.
Winning record
2005, Guangdong Yuxi lion lion pile wake up lion flooded 3.7 meters largest span, and was loaded into the Shanghai World Knis Record.
2006, Guangdong Yuxi wake up the lion by the 7th China Folk Literary "Mountain Award".
On November 22, 2017, in Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the Third World Master Awards Ceremony, the representative of the People's Congress, the Chancheng District, Malaysia, and He Diqiang, the Overseas Chinese Federation of Chancheng District, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Has been awarded the "World Lion Culture Promotion Master Award".
Derivatives
After the reform and opening up, the civilian lion is fully recovered, and the government departments have strong support, causing the attention of the academic community, and the lion is loaded into the "Guangdong Zhizhi" "China Dance Zhi · Guangdong Volume" "Guangzhou City" "Guangzhou Yearbook" and "Guangzhou Encyclopedia", etc. Specializing in the spirit of lion.
September 28 to 30, 2018, the national dance drama "Wake up Lions" officially prevailed in the Guangzhou Grand Theater.
Cultural anecdote
Origin story
Ancient Foshan has appeared a monster, the end of the year is a bad crop, Injury people. In order to avoid the damage, the villagers use the bamboo toothed, and painted into a multi-headed false lion. When the monster appears, they will sound, dance the lion, and the monster will be horrified. Since then, the villagers believe that the lion has the merits of evil spirits, which is easy to knock the drums every year, and dance, and go to the year to go to the New Year, to ask for disaster relief, congratulate auspicious.