Jingxian

Historicalevolution

Pre-QinEra

IntheNeolithicPeriod,ancestors'activitiesexistedinJingCounty.

Xia,ShangandZhouaretheancestorsoftheancientYuenationality.

DuringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,thebeginningoftheearthbelongedtotheStateofWu.Afterthat,WuandChufoughthere,andthelandoftenbelongedtoWu.Inthe9thyearofKingChuHui(480yearsago),WuandChufoughtagainsteachotherandbelongedtoChuState.Afterthat,itwasaplaceforWuandChutocontend.InthethirdyearofKingZhouYuan(473yearsago),themoreWuwasdestroyed,thelandbelongedtotheYueKingdom.FollowingthebattlebetweenYueandChu.InthefifteenthyearofKingChuXuan(355yearsago),ChudestroyedYueandbelongedtotheStateofChu.

QinDynasty,the24thyearofQinWangzheng(223yearsago),destroyedtheKingdomofChu.Thefollowingyear,Pingjiangnan,JingCounty(thewestbankofJingxi2.5kilometersnorthwestofthecity),belongedtoKuaijiCounty.AttheendofQinDynasty,thewesternpartofKuaijiCountywassetupasZangCounty,andJingCountybelongedtoit.Soon,thewesternpartofFufenbianCountywassetupasLujiangCounty,andJingCountywaschangedtoit.

HanandTangDynasties

InJulyofthesecondyearofYuanshouintheWesternHanDynasty(121yearsago),Renzi,JiangnanLujiangCountywasabolished,andJingCountywaschangedtoDanyangCounty.

InthefourthyearofYongheintheEasternHanDynasty(139years),JingCountywaschangedtoXuanchengCounty.InthefirstyearofJianhe(147years),XuanchengCountywasabolished,andJingCountyremainedDanyangCounty.InthesecondyearofXingping(195years),itwasSunCe'scontrolarea,soitremained.InthethirteenthyearofJian'an(208years),SunQuandividedthesouthwesternpartofJingCountyintoAnwuCounty(GoverningWestLanshanSouthFerry,nowAnwuVillage,HuangcunTown,JingCounty),whichbelongedtoDanyangCounty.

InthefirstyearofTaikangintheWesternJinDynasty(280years),thetwocountiesofJingCounty(stillgoverningthewestbankofJingxi)andAnwu(stillgoverningAnwuVillageofHuangcunTown)belongedtoXuanchengCounty.

TheSouthernDynastycontinuedtheJinsystem.

Inthe9thyearofEmperorKaihuangoftheSuiDynasty(589),XuanchengCountywasabolished,AnwuCountywasabolished,anditwasmergedintoJingCounty(stillgoverningthewestbankofJingxi),whichbelongedtoXuanzhou.InAprilofthethirdyearofDaye(607),JingCountywaschangedtoXuanchengCounty(Xuanchengstillgoverned).AttheendoftheSuiDynasty,theheroescametogetherandlaterbecamethecontrolareaof​​theDufuweiDepartment.

InJuneofthethirdyearofWudeofTangDynasty(620),DuFuweidescendedtoTangandsetupSouthernXuzhouatthebeginning.Soonafter,itwaschangedtoYouzhou(tothesouthofDaningshan,DalingjimajiaVillage,ZhangduTownship,JingxianCounty).),belongstoJingCounty.Ineightyears,theabolishedYaozhouwasmergedintoJingxianCountyandchangedtoXuanzhou.InthefirstyearofTianbao(742),XuanzhouwasrenamedXuanchengCounty.InDecemberofthesecondyearofGermany(757),XuanchengCountywasrenamedXuanzhou.Jingxiansubordinatesuccessively.

Song,Yuan,MingandQing

InthesecondyearofSonggandao(1166),XuanzhouwaspromotedtoNingguofu(stillgoverningXuancheng).InthewinterofthethirdyearofJiading(1210),JingCountymovedtothevillage1kmeastoftheoldcity.

InthethirteenthyearofYuanDynasty(1276),JingxianenteredtheYuanDynastyandreignedJingtianfang(nowChengxiangTown),whichstillbelongedtoNingguoMansion.InthefourteenthyearofYuanDynasty,itbelongedtoNingguoRoad.InApriloftheseventeenthyear,ZhuYuanzhangtookNingguoRoadandchangeditsnametoNingguoMansion.InApriloftheSeventhYearofDragonandPhoenix(1361),NingguoMansionwasrenamedXuanchengMansion.Inthefirstmonthofthetwelfthyear,itwasrenamedXuanzhouPrefecture.InAprilofthefirstyearofWu(1367),XuanzhouPrefecturewasrenamedNingguoPrefecture,andJingCountybelongedtoit.

JingCountyinMingandQingDynastiesbelongedtoNingguoMansion.

DuringtheRepublicofChina

InJanuaryofthefirstyearoftheRepublicofChina(1912),AbandonedDao,Mansion,andJingCounty(stillgoverningthepresentChengxiangTown)belongedtoAnhuiProvince.OnJune2ndofthethirdyearoftheRepublicofChina(1914),JingCountybelongedtoWuhuRoadinAnhuiProvince.IntheseventeenthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1928),itwasdirectlyunderAnhuiProvince.OnApril2ndinthe21styearoftheRepublicofChina(1932),JingCountybelongedtotheninthdistrictofAnhuiProvince.OnOctober10,JingxianCountywaschangedtotheninthprefectureofAnhuiProvince.

OnDecember6thinthe26thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1937),theJapanesearmycapturedXuancheng,andtheCommissioner'sOfficeoftheNinthSpecialDistrictmovedtotheZhaoFamilyAncestralHallinJingxianCity.InJulyofthe27thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1938),theninthprefecturewasstationedinJingCounty.InMayofthe29thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1940),theJingxiangovernmentmovedtotheoutskirtsofthecity(nowpartofBaiyuanTownship)ZhangjiaVillageZhangFamilyAncestralHall.OnAugust6,theninthareawaschangedtothesixtharea(thecommissionerwasstillstationedinJingCounty).OnOctober9th,theJapanesearmywastrappedinJingxianCounty,theadministrativeofficeofthesixthprefecturemovedtoLangqiao;JingxiangovernmentmovedtoHuangcun.Onthesameday,KejingCounty,thegovernmentofficeandthecountygovernmentreturnedtothecity.InMayofthe33rdyearoftheRepublicofChina(1944),thecountygovernmentmovedtoHuangcunbeforereturningtothecountyseat.

AttheendofNovemberinthe34thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1945),theSouthernAnhuiAdministrativeOfficewasabolished,andtheSixthDistrictCommissioner’sOfficewasrelocatedtoWuhu(nowWuhuCity),andJingCountyisstillunderit.OnApril20th,the38thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1949),theChinesePeople'sLiberationArmy'sBattleofCrossingtheRiverbegan.Onthe24th,theJingxianCountyGovernmentannouncedanuprising,liberatingJingxianonthesameday.

SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina

SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonOctober1,1949,JingCountybelongstotheXuanchengPrefectureofthePeople’sAdministrativeOfficeofSouthernAnhui.

OnMarch28,1952,JingxianCountywaschangedtotheWuhuPrefectureofSouthernAnhuiPeople'sAdministrativeOffice.

OnMarch29,1971,theWuhuareawasrenamedWuhuareaandJingCountybelongedtoit.

InFebruary1980,WuhuareawasrenamedXuanchengarea.JingCountystillbelongstoit.

ApprovedbytheStateCouncilonJune25,2000:TheXuanchengareaandcounty-levelXuanzhoucitywererevoked,andtheprefecture-levelXuanchengcitywasestablished.JingCountyhasnotchangedsincethen.

Administrativedivisions

Divisionalevolution

TheadministrativedivisionsofJingxianCountyhadnoevidencebeforetheTangDynasty.Itisonlyknownthat18townshipsweredividedintheTangDynasty,butthenameofthetownshipwaslost.

IntheSongDynasty,thewholecountywasbuilt11townships,andthetownshipwasunderthejurisdictionofthetownship,andthewholecountywasdividedinto261li.

TherecordofYuanDynastyismissing,orbecauseoforalteration,thereisnoexaminationofitsauspiciousness.

TheMingDynastytownshipisstillold.Beginninginthetwenty-fourthyearofHongwu(1391),32capitalswereestablishedinthecountryside,allundertheirjurisdiction,andthewholecountywasmergedinto117li.InthetenthyearofYongle(1412),thecountywasreducedto76li.IntheseventhyearofJiajing(1528),thecountywasreducedto64li.

IntheQingDynasty,thetownships,capitals,andcornerswerestillthere,buttheinsidewaschangedtoamap,andthemapwassetupwithA.EachmaphadtenA,formingatownshipunderthejurisdictionofthecapital,andthemapgovernedtheadministrativesystemofA.Atthattime,thecountywasdividedinto11townships,32capitals,and65maps.

AftertheestablishmentoftheRepublicofChina,thetownship,capital,andmapsystemoftheQingDynastywereused.ThetownwasabandonedintheseventeenthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1928).IntheeighteenthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1929),theNationalGovernmentpromulgatedthe"RegulationsonLocalAutonomy",andthecountywassetupwith6districtsandtownshipsunderthedistricts.Inthe22ndyearoftheRepublicofChina(1933),thegrassrootsgovernmentwaschangedtotheBaojiasystem.Inthe23rdyearoftheRepublicofChina(1934),thecountywasdividedinto6districts,91jointguarantees,478guarantees,and4664Jia.Thefollowingyear,itwasreducedto3districts,withatotalof35jointguarantees,210guarantees,and2479A.Inthetwenty-eighthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1939),thejointguaranteesystemwaschangedtothetownshipandtownshipguaranteesystem.Inthetwenty-ninthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1940),the"SummaryTableAftertheReorganizationofTownshipsinJingxianCounty"contained:Thecountywasdividedinto2districts,3towns,and19townships.Inthe33rdyearoftheRepublicofChina(1944),theareawasabandoned,and3townsand11townshipsweredivided.Inthe34thyearoftheRepublicofChina(1945),thecountywasdividedinto3townsand15townships.Inthethirty-sixthyearoftheRepublicofChina(1947),thecountywasdividedinto3townsand19townships.

JingxianwasliberatedinApril1949.InMay,thecountypeople'sgovernmentannouncedtheabolitionoftheBaoandJiasystemsandtheestablishmentofanadministrativevillage(JianNian).Accordingtothe22townshipandtownadministrativedivisionsoftheoriginalRepublicofChina,thepeople'spowerofthetownshipandtownshipwasre-established.Thecountyincreasedtheestablishmentofdistrictoffices(laterrenamedastheDistrictPeople’sGovernmentYear),andsetup5districts,3towns,19townships,and226administrativevillages.In1950,townshipswereabolished,andthecountysetup10districtswith227administrativevillagesunderitsjurisdiction.In1951,districtsandtownshipswereadjusted,theadministrativetownshipsystemwaschanged,andtheadministrativevillagesystemwasabolished.Thecountyconsistsof10districts,103townships,and3towns.In1956,itwasadjustedto7districtsand53townships.In1957,thecountywasre-adjustedto4districts,39townships,and1town.In1958,thecountywasadjustedto3districts,37townshipsandtowns;inOctober,thecountywasadjustedto10townships;inNovember,thecounty’s10townshipswererenamedPeople’sCommunes.In1961,8districtsand4directlyaffiliatedcommunitieswerere-established,andtheoriginal10largecommunesinthecountyweredividedinto30communes.In1969,theestablishmentofthedistrictwasremoved.In1984,thecountywasreorganizedinto3districtcommittees,andthecommunewasreorganizedintoatownship(town)people'sgovernment.Thecountyiscomposedof35townshipsand1town.

In1987,thedistrict(committee)waswithdrawn,andMaolin,Langqiao,andChencunwerechangedintotowns.Thecountyhas4townsand32townships.

InMarch1992,thedivisionoftownshipswasadjusted.BaiyuanTownshipwasmergedintoChengguanTown;GubaTownshipwasmergedwithPancunTownshiptorebuildYangongTown;DingqiaoTownshipwaschangedtoDingjiaqiaoTown;ZhangduTownshipwaschangedtoZhangduTown;CaicunTownshipwaschangedtoCaicunTown;ChajiTownshipItismergedintoHouanTownship;TianfangTownshipismergedintoGufengTownship;ChitanTownshipismergedintoQinxiTownship;CaoxiTownshipismergedintoSuhongTownship.Thecountywasadjustedto8townsand22townships.

InNovember2001,JingxianCountyparticipatedintheprovince'sfirstbatchofpilotprojectsfortheadjustmentoftownshipzoning.TaiyuanTownshipwasmergedintoChengguanTown,ChengguanTownwasrenamedJingchuanTown;FengcunTownship,NanrongTownship,andTongshanTownshipweremergedintoMaolinTown;HuangtianTownship,ZhexiTownship,andWuxiTownshipweremergedintoLangqiaoTown;AiminTownshipwasmergedEnterCaicunTown;AnwuTownshipandHuangcunTownshipmergedtorebuildHuangcunTown;YunlingTownshipwaschangedtoYunlingTown.Thecounty'stownshipshavebeenadjustedfrom30to11townsand10townships.

InApril2005,thetownshipdivisionwasadjusted.YangongTownshipwasmergedintoJingchuanTown;XiyangTownshipwasmergedintoLangqiaoTown;ZhangduTown,ZhongcunTownship,andBeigongTownshipweremergedintoYunlingTown;HouanTownshipandBaoheTownshipweremergedintoTaohuatanTown;TongtuanTownship,GufengTownshipwasmergedintoChangqiaoTownship;SuhongTownshipwasmergedintoTingxiTownship.Theoriginal11townsand10townshipswereadjustedto9townsand2townships.

Currentstatusofzoning

Asof2018,JingCountyhas9townsand2townshipsunderitsjurisdiction.ThePeople'sGovernmentofJingCountyislocatedinJingchuanTown.

Geographicalenvironment

LocationTerritory

JingCountyislocatedinthesoutheastofAnhuiProvince,adjacenttoXuanzhouCityandNingguoCitytotheeast;JingdeCountyandHuangshanCitytothesouth;QingyangCountytothewest;NanlingCountytothenorth,at30°NlatitudeBetween21'-30°50',eastlongitude117°57'-118°41',thetotalareais2054.5squarekilometers.Itaccountsfor1.47%ofthetotalareaof​​AnhuiProvince.Thecountyseatis233kilometersawayfromtheprovincialcapitalofHefei,52kilometersawayfromXuanchengCity,and115kilometersawayfromHuangshanCity.

Geologicalstructure

ThegeotectoniclocationofJingxianCountyisatthetransitionbetweenthearch-faultfoldbeltalongtheYangtzeRiverandthefold-faultbeltinthesouthernAnhuidepressioninthesub-unitoftheYangtzePlatformDepressionThezoneisboundedbytheJiangnandeepfault.

ThefoldstructureinJingxianCountyisquitestrong.WiththeJiangnandeepfaultastheboundary,thewestisthenorthernendoftheQidu(ShitaiCounty)compoundanticline.Thefoldshapeisclear,theaxisisnortheast,andthehubisleaningnortheast.Onlythesoutheastwingoftheanticlineisseeninthecounty.ItiscomposedoftheLowerPaleozoicandtheLowerPaleozoic,andthedipangleoftherockstratavariesbetween30°-60°.TheJiangnandeepfaultisdividedintothenorthernpartoftheHuangshancomplexsynclineintheeast.Itsaxisisnortheast,andthehubsinksnortheast.Onlythenorthwestflankofthecomplexsynclineisseeninthecounty,mainlycomposedoftheUpperSilurian,withrelativelydevelopedsecondaryfolds.Thefoldtypesareallsymmetricaloroblique.TheUpperPaleozoicislocatedatthecoreofthesecondarysyncline,andthedipanglesoftherockformationsaregenerallylessthan30°.Theabove-mentionedfoldstructuresareinthenorthernpartofthecountyseat,andtheyareallcoveredbytheMesozoicandCenozoicduetothedestructionoftheZhouwangshenfault.

TheJingxianfaultstructureisalsoveryprominent,withthemostprominentfaultsinthenortheast,east-west,andnorth-northeast.Therearedeepfaultsinthenorth-eastdirection,passingthroughJingCountyinthenorthwestofthecountyseat,extendingtoJiangsuviaXuanchengtothenorth,andextendingtoJiangxiviaShitaiandQidutothesouth.ThereistheZhouwangdeepfaultintheeast-westdirection,startingfromthenorthofGuichicityinthewest,passingthroughQingyangmuTown,JingxianTianfang,andXuanchengZhouwangtoZhejiang.ThereisaTangkoufaultinthenorth-north-eastdirection,passingthroughLangqiaoandPancun.Theabove-mentionedfaultstructureshaveobviouscontroleffectsonmagmaticactivityandcrustalevolution.Inaddition,therearetwosetsofverticalandhorizontalfaultstructuresassociatedwiththefoldstructure,buttheirdevelopmentisnotcommon.

ThemoderntectonicmovementinJingxianCountyismainlycharacterizedbytheup-and-downmovement.Accordingtothezoningdataofneotectonicmovementinthe"ProvincialSeismology",JingCountyisboundedbytheZhouwangDeepFault,thenorthernpartisthealternateareaof​​elevation,andthecountytownandthevastareasouthofitarethestrongascendingarea.Accordingtothe"ChinaEarthquakeRiskZoningMap"publishedbytheNationalEarthquakeAdministrationin1978,JingxianCountyisaseismicriskzoneofmagnitude5.5-5.75(seismicintensity7degrees).

Topography

JingxianCountyisdominatedbyhillsandlowmountains.Zhongshanandplainsoccupiesasmallarea.HuangergongMountaininthesoutheastoftheterritoryisthehighestpeak,withanaltitudeof1174.8meters.Theminimumisabout20meters,andthedifferencebetweenthetwoisabout1154.8meters.Thelandformofthewholecountyhasthecharacteristicsoftwoundulations.Thesoutheastandnorthwestareupliftedhillyareaswithabelt-shapedvalleyplaininlaidbetweenthem.Thetotalgroundelevationdecreasesstepbystepfromsouthwesttonortheast,withanobvioussteppedshape.Features.Thestrikeofthehillsandmountainscoincideswiththeregionaltectonicline,andmostofthemstrikenortheast.

Plain

①ThevalleyplainsaredistributedonbothbanksoftheQingyiRiveranditstributariesHuishui,Hexi,Tingxi,CaoxiandGufengRiverThemiddleandlowerreachesaregenerally1kmwide,andtheplainsaroundJingxianandHuangcunareaswideasabout5km.Thecombinationoflandformsincludesfloodplainsandriverlowterraces.

②ThelowterracesoftheriveraredistributedbelowQinRiverandadjacenttoNanlingCounty.Here,theQingyiRiverhasflowedoutofthehillsandmountainsandenteredthedownstreamalluvialplain.Theentireplainbeachisverynarrow,mainlyriverlowterraces..

Upland(tableland)

①TheundulatingaccumulationlowlandisdistributedinZhangjiadu,Maolin,Fengcun,Baohe,QinxiandChangWithinthevillagesandtownssuchasbridges,thealtitudeis50-60meters,andthespecificheightisabout20meters.

②TheundulatingerosionanddenudationlowhillsaredistributedinBaiyuan,Huangcun,Beigong,Yunling,Changqiaoandothertownships.Itiscomposedofredsandstone,purplesandshale,granodiorite,etc.,withanelevationof60-80meters.Theelevationdecreasesfromthefrontofthemountaintothebottomofthebasinortheriver,andtherelativefluctuationis20-30meters.

③TheundulatingerosionanddenudationhighhillsaredistributedinthepiedmontzoneofHuangcun,ZhangduandBaohetownshipsortheinneredgeofthebasin.Thealtitudeismainly80-100meters,andittendstoslopefromthemountainpiedmonttothevalleyorbasin.

Hills

①ErosionanderosionoflowhillsaredistributedinDingqiao,Zhangdu,Langqiao,Zhexi,Tongtuan,Yunlingandothertownships.Itis150metersabovesealevelandthespecificheightislessthan100meters.Somearemuddygarden-shaped,andsomeareband-shaped.Thevalleyiscutverybroken,andthedirectionischangeable,changingwiththedirectionofthevalley.

②Thekarstlowhillsarelocated2-3kilometersnorthwestofJingxianTown,120-130metersabovesealevel,andsmallcircularorellipticaldissolutiondepressionsaredistributedamongthehills,thediameterislessthan100meters,andthedepressionsare10metersdeep.Around80-100metersabovesealevel,thereareoftensmallkarstcaves,andtherearenotmanykarstlandscapes.

③ErosionanddenudationhighhillsaredistributedinHuangtian,Xiyang,Zhexi,Qinxi,Chencunandothertownships,200-500metersabovesealevel,100-200metersabovesealevel,clearveins,extendingfar,northItismainlyeastwardandisformedbyupliftingthelandandbeingcutbyrunningwaterforalongperiodoftime.Themoundsaredevelopedwidely.Thevalleyridgesaremostlyflat-topped,andafewaresharpandnarrow.

④ThehighkarsthillsaredistributedinQinxiTownship,northeastofJingxianCity,withanaltitudeof200-400metersandaspecificheightof100-200meters.Thesurfaceisdominatedbykarsthighhillsanddepressions.Buriedstonebudsandexposedstonebudsarebasicallyrockyandmountainous.

Mountains

①ErosionanddenudationofsmallundulatinglowmountainsaredistributedinCaicun,Aimin,Tingxi,Xiyang,Huangtian,Maolin,Nanrong,FengVillage,Beigong,Zhongcunandothertownships.Mainlyatanaltitudeof400-1000meters,mostofthemtrendnorth-east,themountainsarecomplete,theveinsareclear,andthebasiniscomposedofnarrowbeachesandriverterraces.

②ThesmallupsanddownsofkarstaredistributedinPancun,Baiyuan,Huangcun,Beigong,Baohe,Nanrong,Tongshan,Zhongcun,Hou'anandothertownships.Thealtitudeis400-1000meters,thespecificheightis200-500meters,anditgoesnortheasttoformacombinationstructureoflowmountainpositivelandforms,valleysanddepressionsnegativelandforms,andthemountainsaresteep.

③ErosionanddenudationarelocatedinHuangtian,SuhongandZhexitownshipsinZhongshan.TheyallbelongtothenortheastextensionbranchoftheHuangshanMountains,withanaltitudeofabout1010-1170meters,spreadingnorth-east.Smallinter-mountainbasinsaredistributedamongthemountains,whicharediamond-shapedoroval-shaped,andaremostlyresidentialareas.

Climaticcharacteristics

JingxianCountyislocatedonthesouthernedgeofthemid-latitude.Accordingtotheclassificationofmeteorologicalindicators,itbelongstothenorthernsubtropicalandsubtropicalmonsoonhumidclimate.Theclimateismild,rainfallisabundant,andsunlightresourcesareabundant.Therearefourdistinctseasons:spring,summer,autumnandwinter.Winterandsummerarelong,andspringandautumnareshort.Springcomeslateandautumncomesearly.Theannualaveragetemperatureis15.7℃,andtheannualextrememaximumtemperatureis40.8℃.ThehottestmonthisJuly,withanaveragetemperatureof28.1℃;theextremelowesttemperatureis-14.8℃,andthecoldestmonthisJanuary,withanaveragetemperatureof2.9℃.Thefrost-freeperiodisgenerally239-241days.TheaveragefirstfrostdayisNovember15,thefinalfrostdayisMarch19,andthefrostperiodis127days.

Naturaldisasters

JingCountyislocatedinamountainousarea,withcriss-crossriversandgullies,pronetodroughtandflooding,andfloodsanddroughtsfrequentlyoccuralternately.

JingxianCountyisafortifiedareawithsevendegreesofearthquakesacrossthecountry.Theterritoryismountainousandthegeologicalstructureismorecomplicated.Therearethreelargerfaults(thedeepJiangnanfault,theMuzhen-Sunjiabufault,andtheZhouwang-Tangkoufault)runningthroughthecounty.Therehavebeenmanyearthquakesinhistory.TherehavebeenrecordssincetheYuanandMingDynasties,andthemagnitudeisgenerally5.5.Andthereisageologicalbackgroundthatmayoccurmoderatelystrongearthquakes.

Naturalresources

Plantresources

Therearemorethan1,000speciesofherbaceousplantsinJingxianCounty,includingmorethan600speciesofmedicinalmaterials,morethan60kindsofflowers,andtherestareanimalhusbandryUseweedsandaquaticplants.

AnimalResources

The"JingCountyChronicles"ofJiaqingintheQingDynastycontained:ThemainwildanimalsandbeastsinJingCountyare:tiger,leopard,jackal,deer,deer,muntjac,raccoon,fox,badger,Monkey,wildboar,rabbit,squirrel,otter,Shanhao,pangolin,bear,jade-facedraccoon,etc.Thereare24speciesofbirds,24speciesofscalyand12speciesofsnakesandinsects.Foralongtime,astheecologicalenvironmentchanges,somewildanimalshavebecomeextinct,andsomehaverarelyreproduced.Tigersandleopardsarerare.Accordingtothesurveyintheearly1980s,thereareabout115speciesofwildanimalsinJingxianCounty.

MineralResources

Thereare35typesofprovenmineralresourcesinJingCounty,distributedin229locationsin35towns.

MetalMinerals

52ironmines.Theprospectivegeologicalreservesare17milliontons.

1manganesemine.Thegeologicalreservesare4milliontons.

Thereare4coppermineswithaprospectivegeologicalreserveof2,985tons.

Thereare5polymetallicmineraldeposits,mainlyCa(calcium),Pb(lead),Zn(zinc),Au(gold),Ag(silver)andothersymbiosis.

Thereare2lead-zincmineswithaprospectivereserveof1,750tons.

Thereare6molybdenummineswithprospectivegeologicalreservesof6,560tons.

3antimonymineswithgeologicalreservesofmorethan30,000tons.

Thereare8goldandsilvermines,(including3alloysandsilverpolymetallicmines),3ofwhichhavebeenexploredbythegeologicaldepartment.Oneofthegoldmineshaspreliminaryreservesof500kilogramsofgoldand2,100kilogramsofsilver.ThereservesofNo.1orebodynearits0lineareabout250kilogramsofgold.

Non-metallicminerals

JingCountyhas25producingareasofbuildingmaterialgranite,11producingareasofmarble,fivemajorlimestoneformationzones,andestimatedgeologyThereare17mineswithreserves,1dolomiteproducingarea,1slateproducingarea,and6riversystemsofyellowsand.

Chemical,glass,ceramicsandothermaterials:8pyrites,5potashmines,1calcitemine,1baritemine,1wollastonitemine,1porcelainstone,kaolin3locations,11locationsforrefractoryclayand6locationsforquartzore.Andallhavecertaingeologicalprospectivereserves.

ThegeologicalreservesofJingxiancoalminesareabout12.8milliontons.Amongthemare9.379milliontonsofbituminouscoal,accountingfor73.3%oftheprovenreserves.Anthraciteis3.425milliontons,accountingfor26.7%oftheprovenreserves.TheyaremainlydistributedinthetwotownshipsofCaicunandPancun.

Population

Asoftheendof2018,theregisteredpopulationofJingCountywas351,000,adecreaseof2,000fromthepreviousyear;thepermanentpopulationwas307,000,anincreaseof2,000fromthepreviousyear.Theannualbirthratewas8.4‰,thedeathratewas9.1‰,andthenaturalgrowthratewas-0.7‰.

Accordingtotheseventhcensusdata,asof00:00onNovember1,2020,thepermanentpopulationofJingCountyis275,837.

Economy

Overview

In2018,JingCountyachievedagrossregionalproduct(GDP)of10.72billionyuan,breakingthrough10billionyuan,calculatedatcomparableprices.Anincreaseof7.0%.Intermsofindustries,theaddedvalueoftheprimaryindustrywas1.76billionyuan,anincreaseof2.9%;theaddedvalueofthesecondaryindustrywas4.46billionyuan,anincreaseof7.9%;theaddedvalueofthetertiaryindustrywas4.5billionyuan,anincreaseof7.9%.Thethree-industrystructurewas16.4:41.6:42,andtheproportionofthetertiaryindustryincreasedby0.8%overthepreviousyear.Calculatedbasedontheannualaveragepermanentpopulation,thepercapitaGDPwas35,020yuan,anincreaseof2,352yuanoverthepreviousyear.

In2020,JingxianCountywillachievearegionalGDPof13.02billionyuan,anincreaseof4.1%atcomparableprices.Intermsofindustries,theaddedvalueoftheprimaryindustrywas1.99billionyuan,anincreaseof1.7%;theaddedvalueofthesecondaryindustrywas5.05billionyuan,anincreaseof5.3%;theaddedvalueofthetertiaryindustrywas5.98billionyuan,anincreaseof3.7%.Thestructureofthethreeindustriesis15.3:38.8:45.9.

FixedAssetInvestment  

In2018,Jingxiancompleteda1.5%increaseinfixedassetinvestmentinthewholesociety.Intermsofindustries:thecompletedinvestmentintheprimaryindustryincreasedby31.1%,accountingfor0.2%ofthetotalsocialinvestment;thecompletedinvestmentinthesecondaryindustryincreasedby32%,accountingfor35.4%ofthetotalsocialinvestment;thecompletedinvestmentinthetertiaryindustrydecreasedby10%.

In2020,thetotalinvestmentinfixedassetsinJingxianCountywillincreaseby16.9%.Amongthem,theinvestmentinindustrialtechnologicaltransformationdroppedby66.6%.Thecounty'scumulativecommercialhousingsalesareawas160,000squaremeters,anincreaseof6.3%.

Financialandtaxationexpenditure

In2018,JingCountyachievedatotalfiscalrevenueof2.16billionyuan,anincreaseof7.1%.Amongthem,localfiscalrevenuewas1.46billionyuan,anincreaseof12.2%.Thetotaltaxrevenuefortheyearwas1.54billionyuan.

In2018,JingCounty'sfiscalexpenditure(generalbudgetexpenditure)was2.97billionyuan,anincreaseof5.0%.Amongthem,generalpublicserviceexpenditureis220millionyuan;educationexpenditureis580millionyuan;scienceandtechnologyexpenditureis70millionyuan;agriculture,forestryandwaterexpenditureis150millionyuan;medicalhealthandfamilyplanningexpenditureis350millionyuan;socialsecurityandemploymentexpenditureis520millionyuan.

In2020,JingxianCountywillachieveatotalfiscalrevenueof2.17billionyuan,adecreaseof3.3%.Amongthem,localfiscalrevenuewas1.53billionyuan,anincreaseof0.2%.Theannualtaxrevenuetotaled1.37billionyuan.

In2020,theannualfiscalexpenditure(generalbudgetexpenditure)ofJingxianCountywillbe3.79billionyuan,anincreaseof2.3%.Amongthem,260millionyuanisspentongeneralpublicservices;580millionyuanisspentoneducation;70millionyuanisspentonscienceandtechnology;630millionyuanisspentonagriculture,forestryandwater;280millionyuanisspentonhealth;and650millionyuanisspentonsocialsecurityandemployment.

People'sLife

In2018,thepercapitadisposableincomeofurbanresidentsinJingCountywas2,9638.8yuan,anincreaseof8.7%overthepreviousyear.Percapitaconsumptionexpenditurewas20224.4yuan,anincreaseof19.3%,ofwhichexpenditureonfood,tobaccoandalcoholincreasedby20.9%,expenditureonclothingincreasedby41.9%,andexpenditureonhousingdecreasedby15.7%.Thepercapitahousingareaof​​urbanresidentsis51.0squaremeters.

In2018,thepercapitadisposableincomeofruralresidentsinJingCountywas14322.9yuan,anincreaseof9.7%.Thepercapitalivingconsumptionexpenditurewas1,1705.1yuan,anincreaseof10.1%.Amongthem,food,tobaccoandalcoholexpenditureincreasedby10.1%,clothingexpenditureincreasedby15.6%,andhousingexpenditureincreasedby19.9%.Thepercapitahousingareaof​​ruralresidentsis46.6squaremeters.

Primaryindustry

Asoftheendof2018,JingCountyhas13provincial-levelleadingenterprises,30municipal-levelleadingenterprises,and2nationalgreenrawmaterialstandardizedproductionbases,abovetheprovinciallevel.Thereare8standardizedlivestockandpoultrybreedingdistricts,and38effectivedemonstrationenterprisesforpollution-freeagriculturalproducts.Thereare409modelprofessionalcooperativesand705familyfarms.Thecounty'sexistingpollution-freeagriculturalproducts,greenfood,andorganicfoodcertificationproductsare45,25and3respectively.

Plantingindustry

In2018,theareaof​​grainplantinginJingxianCountywas20,792hectares,anincreaseof1.3%.Amongthem:paddyplantingareawas18,760hectares,anincreaseof1.4%;wheatplantingareawas895hectares,adecreaseof1.8%;oilplantingareawas3051hectares,anincreaseof1.4%;cottonplantingareawas5.8hectares,adecreaseof5.5%;tobaccoplantingareawas579hectares,adecreaseof0.6%;Thevegetableplantingareais3353hectares,anincreaseof2.5%.Thetotalgrainoutputfortheyearwas121,917tons,anincreaseof2.5%.Theoutputofricewas112,414tons,anincreaseof2.8%;theoutputofoilplantswas7079tons,adecreaseof3.7%;theoutputofcottonwas4tons,adecreaseof27%;theoutputoftobaccoleafwas1,388tons,adecreaseof0.7%;theoutputofteawas2,237tons,anincreaseof0.7%.

Forestry

In2018,Jingxiancompleted301hectaresofartificialafforestationarea,completed9,991hectaresofforesttending,andplanted1.02milliontreesonthesurrounding(sporadic)treesandraisedseedlings.200hectares.

AnimalHusbandry

Asoftheendof2018,therewere64,166livepigsinJingxian,adecreaseof2.3%fromthepreviousyear;149490livepigswereslaughteredthroughouttheyear,anincreaseof0.4%.Thetotaloutputofmeatfortheyearwas31,404tons,adecreaseof0.2%.Theoutputofpoultryeggswas3878tons,anincreaseof0.2%.

Fisheries

In2018,theoutputofaquaticproductsinJingxianCountywas2,972tons,down3.5%.

Productionconditions

Asoftheendof2018,thetotalpowerofagriculturalmachineryinJingxianCountywas195,000kilowatts,anincreaseof1%overthepreviousyear,and6,743agriculturaltractors,adecrease0.4%,755combineharvesters,anincreaseof3.1%.Theannualchemicalfertilizerapplication(equivalenttopure)was12,141tons,adecreaseof5.2%.Electricityconsumptioninruralareaswas125.49millionkilowatt-hours,anincreaseof0.5%.

SecondaryIndustry

Industry

In2018,JingCounty'sannualmainbusinessincomewas20millionyuanandaboveindustrialenterprises(144households,hereinafterreferredtoasindustrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsize,achieveda7.9%increaseinindustrialaddedvalue;achieveda1.4%increaseinindustrialsalesoutputvalue;achievedanindustrialproduction-salesratioof98.9%,anincreaseof1.1percentagepoints.Amongthe24industrycategoriesinvolvedinindustriesabovedesignatedsize,8haveachievedyear-on-yeargrowth,andthecumulativegrowthrateof8industrieshasexceededthecounty'saverage.Thereare4industriesincludingelectricalmachineryandequipmentmanufacturingandferrousmetalsmeltingandrollingprocessingindustries.Thevalueexceeds100millionyuan.Theeconomicefficiencyindexofindustrialenterprisesabovedesignatedsizeinthecountywas178.4%,adecreaseof60.9percentagepoints;thecontributionrateoftotalassetswas12.8%,adecreaseof4.1percentagepoints;theassetvaluepreservationandappreciationratewas99.8%,adecreaseof12.3percentagepoints;theasset-liabilityratiowas48.2%,anincreaseof0.7Thecurrentassetturnoverratewas1.8times,adecreaseof1.2times;thecostandexpenseprofitratewas4.8%,adecreaseof1%;theproductsalesratewas98.9%,anincreaseof0.6%.Themainbusinessincomewas7.63billionyuan,anincreaseof1.9%;theprofitandtaxwas780millionyuan,anincreaseof8.9%;thetotalprofitwas350millionyuan,adecreaseof16.0%.

Constructionindustry

Asoftheendof2018,therewere19qualifiedconstructioncompaniesinJingxianCounty.Increasedby12.5%;completedtheaddedvalueofconstructionindustryof980millionyuan.Constructionenterprisescompleted378,000squaremetersofcompletedhouses,adecreaseof13.1%,ofwhichnewlystartedareawas345,000squaremeters,anincreaseof26.1%.

Tertiaryindustry

Domestictrade  

In2018,Jingxianachievedatotalretailsalesofsocialconsumergoodsof4.25billionyuan,anincreaseof8.5%.Amongthem,theretailsalesofconsumergoodsabovedesignatedsizewas830millionyuan,anincreaseof9.5%.Accordingtothelocationofthesalesunit:thecounty'surbanmarketachievedatotalretailsalesofconsumergoodsof2.93billionyuan,anincreaseof8.9%,andtheruralmarketachievedatotalretailsalesofconsumergoodsof1.32billionyuan,anincreaseof7.7%.Thetotalurbanmarketis1.61billionyuanhigherthanthatintheruralareas,andthegrowthrateis1.2percentagepointsfasterthanthatintheruralareas.Classifiedbyconsumptionformat:thecounty'scommodityretailsaleswerecompletedat3.42billionyuan,anincreaseof7.2%,andthecateringincomewas830millionyuan,withacumulativeincreaseof14.1%.Thetotalretailsalesofgoodsaccountedfor80.5%ofthetotalretailsalesofconsumergoodsinsociety,accountingfor61percentagepointshigherthancateringrevenue,andthegrowthratewas6.9percentagepointslowerthancateringrevenue.Newlycultivated200e-commercebusinessentities,ande-commercenetworksalesreached680millionyuan.DingjiaqiaoE-commerceAgglomerationAreaisrecognizedasaprovincial-levelmodernserviceindustryagglomerationarea.Thenumberof"TaobaoVillages"ranksfirstintheprovince.

ForeignEconomy 

In2018,JingxianCountyachievedatotalimportandexportvolumeof49.82millionUSdollars,anincreaseof18.7%.Amongthem:exportswere49.66millionUSdollars,anincreaseof21.7%;importswere150,000USdollars,adecreaseof86.6%.Theactualutilizationofforeigndirectinvestmentinthewholeyearwas70.59millionUSdollars,anincreaseof16.9%.

Realestateindustry

In2018,thesalesareaof​​commercialhousesinJingxianCountywas418,000squaremeters,anincreaseof4.3%.

PostandTelecommunications

In2018,Jingxian’spostalbusinessrevenuereached41.917millionyuan,anincreaseof15.1%;ofwhich,agencyfinancewas30.393millionyuan,withacompletionrateof90%;Parceldeliverycompletionratewas6.508millionyuan,agrowthrateof70.4%;mailincomewas695,000yuan;newspaperincomewas1.198millionyuan;philatelyincomewas996,000yuan;e-commercedistributionincomewas379,000yuan.Theannuallaborproductivityachieved304,000yuan/person.Attheendoftheyear,therewere10,000fixedtelephones,307,000mobilephoneusers,and83,000broadbandusers.

Tourism

In2018,JingCountyreceived25,000touristarrivals,anincreaseof17.4%;received4.707milliondomestictourists,anincreaseof18.4%,thetotalrevenueofthetourismindustrywas4.57billionyuan,anincreaseof19.9%."JingCountyGlobalTourismDevelopmentPlan"passedexpertreview.CarryoutthecreationofTaohuatan·ChajiandYunlingredtouristattractions.TaohuatanScenicAreahascompletedtheintegrationofthe"oneticketsystem",theconstructionofSuhongStation,anintegratedservicecenteronthesouthernAnhuiSichuan-Tibetline,hasbeencompleted,and7touristlandscapesignsincludingChangqiaohavebeenbuilt,andbrandedeventssuchasrapeblossommarathon,bicycleinvitationalrace,andTaohuatandragonboatracewillbeheld..TheJingxiansectionoftheSichuan-TibetlineinsouthernAnhuiwasselectedasoneofthe"TopTenNationalSportsTourismRoutes".TheNewFourthArmyMemorialHallwasawardedtheprovincialresearchandtourismbase.

FinancialIndustry

Asoftheendof2018,thebalanceofRMBdepositsinfinancialinstitutionsinJingxianCountywas18.69billionyuan,anincreaseof15.8%,andthebalanceincreasedby25.5fromthebeginningoftheyear.100millionyuan.ThebalanceofvariousRMBloanswas9.42billionyuan,anincreaseof9.3%,andthebalanceincreasedby800millionyuanoverthebeginningoftheyear.

Transportation

In2018,thetransportation,storageandpostalindustryinJingxianCountyachievedanaddedvalueof410millionyuan,anincreaseof4.4%.Attheendoftheyear,thecounty’stotalhighwaymileagewas1890.4kilometers,dividedbyadministrativelevels:nationalroads57.3kilometers,provincialroads69.8kilometers,countyroads260.6kilometers,townshiproads294.6kilometers,villageroads1191.6kilometers,anddedicatedroads16.5kilometers.ThemainpavementoftheTaohuatanMiddleRoadupgradingprojectwascompleted,andanumberofbrokenroadsinurbanareassuchasHecunRoadandLicunRoadweresuccessfullyopenedup.Taketheleadinimplementingthe"RoadLeaderSystem"inthewholeprovince.Thecomprehensivepassengerterminalstation"SpringFestivalTransport"trialoperation.ConstructionoftheJingxianSectionofWuhuangExpressway,JingxianSectionofNingjingHighway,andPhaseIofLangmaoRoadofficiallystarted.

Socialbusiness

Technologybusiness

In2018,JingCountyappliedfor730patents,ayear-on-yearincreaseof7.2%.Amongthem,therewere420inventionpatentapplications,ayear-on-yearincreaseof41.9%;227utilitymodelpatentapplications,ayear-on-yearincreaseof-18.6%;83designpatentapplications,ayear-on-yearincreaseof-21.7%.In2018,therewere272authorizedpatents,ayear-on-yearincreaseof36%.Amongthem,46wereinventionpatentauthorizations,ayear-on-yearincreaseof48.4%;165utilitymodelpatentswereauthorized,ayear-on-yearincreaseof33%;61designpatentswereauthorized,ayear-on-yearincreaseof35.6%.

Education

Asoftheendof2018,JingCountyhas97schoolsofvarioustypes,including:52kindergartens,20elementaryschools,20juniorhighschools,3highschools,andspecialeducationschools1and1secondaryvocationalschool.Basiceducationhas31,564students,including:7021pre-schoolchildren;21,296compulsoryeducationstudents(14,275primaryschoolstudents,7021juniorhighschoolstudents);3191highschoolstudents.Thereare662facultymembersinkindergartens,including356full-timeteachers;770primaryschoolfacultymembers,including739full-timeteachers;1,361middleschoolfacultymembers,including1,300full-timeteachers.

Healthservices

Asoftheendof2018,therewere193healthinstitutionsofvarioustypesinJingCounty.Amongthem:5hospitals,184primarymedicalinstitutions,and4professionalpublichealthinstitutions.Thereare1272bedsinthecounty.Thereare2,240healthworkersinthecounty,including1,865healthtechniciansand723practicing(assistant)physicians.Thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginthenew-typeruralcooperativemedicalservicewas272,154,andtheparticipationrateofthenew-typeruralcooperativemedicalservicereached96.2%.

InAugust2019,itwasselectedasapilotcountyfortheconstructionofacompactcountymedicalcommunity.

Employment

In2018,therewere5,602newjobsinJingxiantowns,979unemployedre-employed,339needypeoplere-employed,and7,610rurallaborersweretransferred.Theurbanregisteredunemploymentratewas3.2%attheendoftheyear.

SocialSecurity

In2018,thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginthebasicendowmentinsuranceforurbanandruralresidentsinJingxianCountyreached201,000,ofwhich122,000werepaidin2018attheageof16-60andreceivedpensions.65,000peopleweretreated(including3077newrecipientsthatyear).Thecounty'stotalincomeofthebasicpensioninsurancefundforurbanandruralresidentsin2018was137.31millionyuan.Amongthem,thecentralgovernmentallocated69.33millionyuaninbasicpensionsubsidyincome,2.38millionyuaninprovincialfiscalsubsidies,6.5millionyuaninbasicpensionsubsidies,149,000yuaninfuneralsubsidysubsidiesfrommunicipalfinance,andsupportingpaymentsubsidiesfromcountyfinance.6.587millionyuan,1.322millionyuanofinsurancepremiums,14.582millionyuanofbasicpensionsubsidies,2.048millionyuanoffuneralsubsidies,30.922millionyuanofpersonalpaymentincome,26,000yuanofinsurancerelationshiptransferincomeacrosscounties,and3.442millionyuanofinterestincome.Otherincomeis19,000yuan.Thecounty's2018urbanandruralresidents'pensioninsuranceexpendituretotaled95.449millionyuan,ofwhichthepensionexpenditurewas93.113millionyuan,thefuneralsubsidyexpenditurewas2.137millionyuan,andtheinsuredrelationshipcross-countytransferexpenditurewas199,000yuan.Attheendoftheyear,theaccumulatedbalanceofthecounty'surbanandruralresidents'pensioninsurancefundwas337.9millionyuan.

SocialWelfare

Asoftheendof2018,therewere2,155bedsinthesocialwelfareadoptionunitsinJingxianCounty,1,247peopleofvarioustypeswereadopted,and19nursinghomesinthecounty.Attheendoftheyear,2,101urbanresidentsenjoyedtheminimumsubsistenceallowance,and12,414ruralresidentsenjoyedtheminimumsubsistenceallowance.

Environmentalprotection

In2018,JingxianCountycarriedoutenvironmentalimprovementandimprovementactionsinthecountydevelopmentzone,shuttingdownanddismantlingordismantling8enterprisesthatdidnotmeettheindustrialfunctionpositioningandenvironmentalprotectionrequirements.Transformandupgrade,implementecologicalrestorationof213,000squaremeters.Thereformofthe"riverchiefsystemandforestchiefsystem"hasbeencontinuouslydeepened,andthe"bannedfishingareasandclosedfishingperiods"haveachievedtangibleresults.Deepenthepreventionandcontrolofair,water,andsoilpollution.Carryoutspecialenvironmentalmanagementofcalciteprocessingenterprises,investigateandclean34solidwastepointsalongtheQingyiRiverandHuishuiRiver,remediate68scatteredandpollutingenterprises,andcompletetheecologicalenvironmentmanagementof22mines.Thepercentageofdayswithgoodairqualityreached80%,thesurfacewaterqualityofexitsectionsremainedaboveClassII,andtheannualaveragePM2.5concentrationwas32.4micrograms/m3.

WorkSafety

In2018,therewere8worksafetyaccidentsinJingxianCounty,6peopledied,43fireaccidents,andfireaccidentlossesamountedtoRMB345,000.

Historyandculture

Summary

Inhistory,Jingxianwasnotonlyafarmingareawhere"menwerediligentinfarmingandwomenwerediligentinweaving",itwasalsoabusinessdistrict.Therearemanyeunuchsandfamousforitsprosperouswritingstyle.IntheMingDynasty,ChenghuaandHongzhibegan,Jingxian"businessmenwentfarawayandwontheQuartet".IntheQingDynastyandtheRepublicofChina,theJingpeoplewentouttodobusinessin18provincesandformedaninfluential"JingGang"inthecommercialportsalongtheYangtzeRiver.Therefore,therewasasayingthat"noHuicannotbeamerchant,andnoJingcanbeatown".Amongthem,manyofthemarerichfrombusiness,whoarerichandre-learning,andlearntobecomeofficial.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,thepeopleofthevillageevenlostdonationsandcreatedmorethan30academiesandbookstores;theysetupdozensofvolunteerschoolsandschools;TaiquanYunlongAcademyoncehadafamousConfucianXuStatelecturer,anditwasacrowdoftravellersforawhile;ShuixiAcademywasfamousinthesouthoftheYangtzeRiverandbecametheplacewherescholarsfromthesixcountiesundertheadministrationofNingguoMansionprosperedthesociety.DuringtheMingandQingDynasties,therewere106Jinshiinthecounty,rankingthirdintheprovince.Scholarsandcelebrities,thereisnoshortageofpeoplefromgenerationtogeneration.XuTangintheTangDynastywaslistedasthe"XiantongTenPhilosophers";WuFenintheSongDynastywasknownasthe"JiangnanTwo-leggedBookcase";theworksofZhaDuointheMingDynastybecamefamousatthetime;BaoShichenintheQingDynastywasaworld-renownedcalligraphymaster;Thetopoftheteachers,thestudyemphasizestheAnhuischool;ZhaoQingli,ZhaoShaozu,WuGuangpei,HuChenggong,etc.,areallagenerationofConfucianscholars.IntheRepublicofChina,scholarHuPu'anwasrespectedbytheworldasamasterofChinesestudies.Incontemporarytimes,thereareMarxistandproletarianrevolutionaryWangJiaxiang,patriotismanddemocracyfighterWuMaosun,economistsLiZixiang,WuBannong,educatorChaQian,scholarWuZeyuandotherethnicelites.

Dialect

ThelocallanguageofJingxianCountyisJingxiandialect,whichbelongstotheXuanzhoufilmofWulanguage.Thepedigreerelationship:Sino-Tibetanlanguagefamily→Chinesefamily→Wulanguagebranch→Jingxianlanguage.BecauseitislocatedatthejunctionofWu-speakingarea,Hui-speakingareaandJianghuaiMandarin,althoughthedialectsusedintheeasternandwesternregionsarecalledJingxiandialect,thereisabigdifference.CountyresidentsgenerallycallJingxianusedintheeasternregion.Thedialectis"Dongxiangdialect",whichbelongstotheWuyuXuanzhoupieceofTongjing,mainlydistributedinLangqiaoTown(includingYuanlangqiaoTown,ZhexiTownship,HuangtianTownship,XiyangTownship,WuxiTownship),andtheoriginalSuhongTownshipAreas(nowpartofTingxiTownship)andpartsofCaicunTown.Thewesternregioniscalled"XixiangDialect",whichismainlydistributedinMaolinTown,YunlingTown,TaohuatanTown,DingjiaqiaoTown,andHuangcunTown.Amongthem,XixiangdialectincorporatesmoreHui-languagemorphemesandphonetics,anditisslightlydifficultfortheeasternandwesternlanguages​​tocommunicatewitheachother.Inaddition,inhistory,thereweremoreimmigrantsinthisarea.InadditiontoJingxiandialect,somepeoplespeakJianghuaiMandarin,someHuihuaspeakers,andevenSouthwestMandarin(mainlydistributedinTingxiTownship).).

Opera

JingxianfolkoperatroupesfirstappearedinthelateQingDynastyandflourishedintheRepublicofChina.Classandsocialentertainersmaybeengagedinartforlifeorbusyinfarming,orgototownsandtownstoperforminslackfarming.Theyliveinpoverty,liveinpoverty,andhavelowsocialstatus.Classclubsalsoperformandstop,fendingontheirown.From1982to1983,thecountyhassuccessivelyestablishedfourprofessionalfolktheatertroupes,namely,JingxianHepingHuangmeiDramaTroupe,JingxianDazhongHuangmeiTheaterTroupe,JingxianGufengHuangmeiTheaterTroupe,andGufengLuOperaTroupe.By1986,exceptfortheHepingHuangmeiTheaterTroupe,whichcontinuedtoperform,theotherthreetheatertroupesdisintegrated.

Quyi

TheurbanandruralmarkettownsofJingxianCountyXiangyouQuyiperformances,mainly"Pingshu"(commonlyknownas"ShuoDaguShu").Thecontentismostlyhistoricalpopularromances,martialartsnovels(BaoGongan,ShiGongan,etc.)novels.Inotherwords,therearemanycalligraphers.Thereareonlythreeorfourcalligraphersinthecountiesofthiscounty,Chitanandotherplaces.Inthe1970s,storytellerscametoJingtoperform.Inadditiontothetraditionalbibliography,theyalsodeliveredmodernliteraryworkssuchas"SongofOuyangHai","LinHaixueyuan",etc.,anddescribedshortstoriesinthe"head"(openingsection)Revolutionarystory.Inthe1980s,thecountyandtownshipculturalcentersandstationsprovidedpaidvenuestoorganizeperformances.

Xuanpaper

XuanpapercameoutintheearlyTangDynasty."XinTangBookGeography"hastherecordof"paperandpen"inthetributeofXuanzhouinthesecondyearofTianbaoofEmperorXuanzongoftheTangDynasty(743)."LiuDianofTangDynasty·TaifuTemple"hasrecordsofmiscellaneoustributefromvariousplacesbeforetheKaiyuan,andtherearerecordsof"casepapersandsecondarypapersofXuanandQuzhoustates".MingHuShi's"PearlBoat"alsosaidthat"TangYonghui,Xuanzhoumonkwantedtowrite"HuayanSutra"andplantedtreeswithagarwoodtomakericepaper."IntheTangDynasty,Xuancheng,Jingxian,andNingguocountiesinXuanzhouallproducedpaper,andtheywere"madebyJingxian".MostofthepaperdistributioncentersareinXuancheng,wheretheprefectureislocated,hencethenameXuanzhi.

Theterm"xuanpaper"wasfirstseeninthearticle"Onthepaintingstyleandwritingwithabed"inthebook"TheNotesofFamousPaintingsinPastDynasties"byZhangYanyuan,acalligraphyandpaintingcriticfromYuanhetoQianfuperiod(815-875)oftheTangDynasty:"Itisadvisabletosetupahundredpiecesofricepaperandusewaxtoprepareforcopying."Inancientpaintings,the"UsingWax"wasusedforprocessing,suchasthe"ChengxintangPaper"intheSouthernTangDynasty,whichwasprocessedfromricepaper(alsoshenpaper).

IntheSongDynasty,thedemandforricepaperincreasedgreatly,andthepaperproducedinXuanzhouwasinshortsupply.InJuneoftheseventhyearofXining(1074),theimperialcourt"hasbuiltHangzhouinthestyleoftheedictonricepaper,andmade50,000fanseveryyear."ThericepaperinJingxianCountywasevenmoredemandedbyliterati.Forexample,thepoetWangLingoftheSongDynastysaidinhispoem"SendManZiquanAgain":"Ifyouhavemoney,don'tbuygold.BuymoreJiangdongpaper.Jiangdongpaperisaswhiteasspringclouds."

AttheendoftheSongDynastyandthebeginningoftheYuanDynasty,theCaofamilymovedtoXiaoling,JingCounty,andalsomadericepaper.SincetheXiaolingCaoclanhasgraduallydevelopedintoaleaderinthericepaperindustry.

IntheMingDynasty,theproductionofricepaperinJingxianCountyenteredanimportantstageofdevelopment.Thecraftsmanshipwaskeptimproving,andthevarietiesandspecificationswereincreasingdaybyday.EspeciallythericepapermadeduringtheXuandeperiodisthebest,andpoemspraisingricepaperarenotuncommon.ShenDefuoncedirectlyreferredtoXuanpaperas"JingxianPaper"inthearticle"FeiFuYulue".WenZhenhengsaidinhis"Longwuzhi":"WuzhongsprinklinggoldpaperandSongjiangTanpaperarenotdurable,andJingxianLiansi(i.e.ricepaperfour-footsheet)isthebest."

IntheQingDynasty,theproductionofricepaperinJingxianCountydevelopedbyleapsandbounds.Intheeastofthecounty,therewerelargepapermakerssuchasWangLiuji,andtheproductionwasquitelarge.Inthewestofthecounty,therewasafamilyofricepaperfromtheCaofamilyinXiaoling.Theproductionwasincreasinglyprosperous."RibPaperFu"describesindetailtheprosperousproductionofricepaperinmountainousareassuchasXiaolingandCaoxiinJingxianCounty.FromthetimeofXianfengandTongzhi,theQingarmyandtheTaipingHeavenlyKingdomarmyfoughtandfoughtinJingxianareafor10years.Inthedisasterofwar,theirfamiliesweredestroyedandpeopledied.Xiaoling’s"CaoClanGenealogy"recordsthatXiaoling,whichwasrichinricepaperatthattime,"onlyhadoneortwohousesleft,andsevenoreightdeaths."Mostofthepapertroughsweredestroyedandtherawmaterialbasewasbarren.AfterTongzhi,thericepaperindustrybegantorecover.

FromtheendoftheQingDynastytotheRepublicofChina,beforetheoutbreakoftheAnti-JapaneseWar,itwasaperiodofprosperityfortheXuanpaperindustryinJingxianCountyfromrecoveryanddevelopment.WhentheAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout,mostofthecountrywasdestroyed,trafficwasblocked,thesalesofricepaperwereblocked,andproductionplummeted.UntilthevictoryoftheAnti-JapaneseWar,thericepaperindustrycontinuedtodecline,andalmostallbusinesswasclosedontheeveoftheliberationofJingxianCountyin1949.

DuringtheRepublicofChina,domesticcelebritiesscholarspublishedmanyworksonthehistoryandcraftsmanshipofricepaper.HuPu'an,amasterofChinesestudiesandaneupee,wroteanarticleentitled"Xuanzhou",whichpointedout:"JingxianCountybelongedtoXuanzhouinancienttimes.Itproducedpaperfirstinthewholecountry.Itisknownasthericepaperintheworld.ItisclosetoChinaandasfarawayasDongying.Theannualexporterpriceisaboutonemillionyuan.Thenumberofdistrictsisnotenough,butwithasystemofonecounty,itisuniqueintheworld,oritisproudofit."YangDajin’s"ChineseIndustrialHistory"says:"XuanpaperwasproducedinJingCounty,AnhuiProvince.JingCountybelongedtoXuanzhouCountyinJinDynastyandXuanzhouinTangDynasty.Botharetributesandarecalledricepaperintheworld."Chapter11(RepublicofChina20Sevenyears)“PaperIndustry”said:“Ricepaperisthebestleathermaterial.ItisproducedinJingCounty,AnhuiProvince.ThericepaperindustryinJingCountyisinXiaolingVillage.Lightlygrantedpeople.Therefore,thereareimitatorsinJiangxiProvinceandJapan,buttheirqualityisnotasgoodasJingxian."

AfterthefoundingofNewChina,thericepaperindustryhasrecoveredanddevelopedunprecedentedly,fromjointventurestopublic-privatepartnershipsandtostate-ownedenterprises.Asof2015,therearemorethan400ricepaperandcalligraphypaperenterprisesinJingxianCounty,whichwereannouncedbyUNESCOastherepresentativelistofhumanintangibleculturalheritagein2009.

TourismResources

OnMarch6,2019,theCentralPropagandaDepartment,theMinistryofFinance,theMinistryofCultureandTourism,andtheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration"CentralPropagandaDepartment,MinistryofFinance,CultureandTourismMinistryofNationalCulturalRelicsNoticeonthepublicationofthe"RevolutionaryCulturalRelicsProtectionandUtilizationZoneCounties(FirstBatch)"JingCountyislistedamongthem.

Naturallandscape

Humanlandscape

RedAttractions

Honorswon

InJanuary2020,itwasselectedasoneofthetop100countiesandcitiesinChinaforspringleisurein2020.

InMarch2020,hewasselectedasoneofthetop100countiesandcitiesinChinaforcharityandpublicwelfarein2020.

InJune2020,itwasawardedthetitleof"NominatedCityforCivilizedCityinAnhuiProvince";itwasselectedasoneofthetop100mostscholarlycountiesandcitiesinChinain2020.

OnJune30,2020,itwasselectedasthe"SecondBatchofCountiesfortheProtectionandUtilizationofRevolutionaryCulturalRelics."

OnSeptember29,2020,itwasdesignatedbytheMinistryofTransportandtheMinistryofFinanceasa"pilotareafordeepeningthereformoftheruralroadmanagementandmaintenancesystem."

InJuly2021,itwillbelistedasoneofthe“Top100CountieswithComprehensiveStrengthinTourismintheCountryin2021”.

Localspecialties