Origin
AmericaninformationresourcemanagementexpertsFWHortonandDAMarchandpointedoutintheearly1980s:Informationresources(InformationResources)Likehuman,material,financialandnaturalresources,theyareallimportantresourcesofanenterprise.Therefore,informationresourcesshouldbemanagedlikeotherresources;thepurposeofgoodinformationresourcemanagementistofacilitatethesmoothflowofinformationinsideandoutsidetheenterpriseandinformationresources.Theeffectiveuseofthistechnologycanimprovetheefficiencyandcompetitivenessofenterprises.Obviously,theprerequisitefordoingagoodjobinthedevelopmentandutilizationofenterpriseinformationresourcesistofirstdoagoodjobininformationresourceplanning.
PlanningScope
Thescopeofinformationresourceplanningisdeterminedbythebusinessscopeinvolvedinnewly-builtorintegratedexistinginformationsystems.Forexample,ifaschoolwantstobuildanewassetmanagementsystemandascientificresearchmanagementsystemoncampuswithinoneyear,andintegrateanetworkedofficesystem,alibrarymanagementsystem,andateachingmanagementsystem,thenwhetheritisthetwonewinformationsystemsortheimprovementandimprovementoftheexistingThethreeinformationsystemsallneedtodoaholisticdataflowanalysis,andestablishthefunctionmodel,datamodelandunifieddatastandardofthesefivesystems.Thisistheinformationresourceplanningfortheconstructionofintegratedinformationsystems.Scope.Theentireinformationresourceplanningworkisdividedintotwostages:thefirststageisfordemandanalysis,andthesecondstageisforsystemmodeling.
Reasonsforplanning
Somecompanies,especiallylargegroupcompanies,haveinvestedhugesumsofmoneytoestablishcommunication-computernetworks,variousproductionautomationcontrolsystems,andmanagementinformationsystems.Duetothelackofhigh-levelOverallplanningandunifiedinformationstandardshavepreventedtherapidcirculationofdesign,production,andoperationmanagementinformation,andtheinformationcannotbeshared.Manyinformationislandshavebeenformed,andthebenefitsofinformationinvestmentarefarfrombeingbroughtintoplay.Manypeoplehaveturnedablindeyetothisseriousdigitaldivide;somepeoplehavebeguntopayattention,butthereisnosolution,orthemethodofsolvingtheproblemisimproper.Inaddition,somecompaniesplantointroduceandimplementmanagementsoftwaresuchasenterpriseresourceplanning(ERP),customerrelationshipmanagement(CRM)andsupplychainmanagement(SCM),buttheyhaveseenorheardsomecasesofinvalidmanagementconsultingandfailedsystemimplementation.Researchandinvestigation,participatedintrainingseminars,stilldidnotformaclearidea.
Tosolvetheaboveproblems,formalinformationresourceplanningmustbecarriedout.Throughinformationresourceplanning,businessprocessescanbesortedout,informationrequirementscanbeclarified,andenterpriseinformationstandardsandinformationsystemmodelscanbeestablished.Usethesestandardsandmodelstomeasuretheexistinginformationsystemsandvariousapplications,inheritandintegratethosethatareconsistent,andreformandoptimizeorre-developmentthosethatarenot,soastoactivelyandsteadilypromotetheconstructionofenterpriseinformatization.
Significanceofplanning
1.Helpclarifyandexpressuserneedsinastandardizedmanner,andimplementapplicationleadership.Theprerequisiteforimplementingtheapplication-leadingpolicyofinformatizationconstructionistomeettheneedsofusers.Onlyformalinformationresourceplanningcantrulyreflecttheneedsofusersthroughanalysisandmodeling.
2.Integrateinformationresources,eliminateinformationislands,andachieveapplicationsystemintegration.Thetechnicalreasonfortheformationofinformationislandsisthelackofbasicstandardsforinformationresourcemanagement;theprocessofinformationresourceplanningistheprocessofstartingtoestablishdatastandards,thuslayingasolidfoundationfortheintegrationofinformationresourcesandtherealizationofapplicationsystemintegration.
3.GuidetheselectionofSCM,ERP,CRMandotherapplicationsoftwareandensurethesuccessfulimplementation.Byestablishingtwomodelsandasetofstandardsthroughinformationresourceplanning,enterpriseshavetheinitiativetoselectandimplementapplicationsoftware.Otherwise,despitemanagementconsulting,multi-partyinspectionsanddemonstrations,theyarepronetomakingmistakesofcuttingtheirfeetandadaptingtotheirfeetduetotheirinnumerableminds.
Planningrole
(1)Asetofmethodology.GuidedbyinformationengineeringIEMandsuitableforChina’snationalconditions,themethodandtheoreticalsystemofoveralldataplanning,includingbusinesscombingmethods,demandanalysismethods,systemmodelingmethods,etc.;
(2)Standardsandspecifications.ImplementthebasicstandardsofinformationresourcemanagementbasedontheIRMtheoryofinformationresourcemanagement,includingdataelementstandards,userviewstandards,informationclassificationandcodingstandards,logicaldatabasestandards,physicaldatabasestandards,etc.;
(3)softwaresupporttoolsystem.Thetoolsoftwaresolidifiesthespecificsteps,relevantstandardsandspecificationsoftheabove-mentionedinformationresourceplanningintothesoftwaresystem,andguidestheimplementerstoimplementscientificallyandsystematicallyinthewayofhuman-computerinteraction.
(4)Overallsolution.Theabove"methodology+standardsandspecifications+softwaresupporttools"constituteacompletesetofinformationresourceplanningsolutions,whicharespecific,implementable,controllableandcanachievetheexpectedresultsinashorttime.
(5)Abatchofsuccessfulcases.Throughmorethan10yearsofapplicationandpractice,informationresourceplanninghasaccumulatedanumberofsuccessfulcaseswithdetailedinformation,richcontentandtangibleinformation,whichhasbecomeademonstrationprojectofinformationresourceplanning.
Planningpoints
Fromtheperspectiveoftheoreticalandtechnologicalmethodinnovation,thekeypointsofinformationresourceplanningare:
(1)IntheoveralldataplanningprocessEstablishbasicstandardsforinformationresourcemanagementtoimplementthetransformationorreconstructionoftheenterprisedataenvironment.
(2)Theimplementationplanofengineeringinformationresourceplanning,implementingrelevantstandardsandspecificationsintheplanningprocessofthetwophasesofdemandanalysisandsystemmodeling.
(3)Simplifyrequirementsanalysisandsystemmodelingmethodstoensuretheirscientificityandpracticabilityofresults.
(4)Organizebusinessbackbonesandsystemanalyststoworkcloselytogethertoformulateplanningworkschedulesonaweeklybasistoensurethatplanningtasksarecompletedontime.
(5)Fullyutilizesoftwaretoolstosupporttheplanningofinformationresources,compile("solidify")thestandardspecificationsintothesoftwaretools,andthesoftwaretoolswillguideplannerstoimplementthestandardspecificationsandformaplanThePlanningRepository(PR)isthecorecomputerizeddocumenttoensureseamlessconnectionwithsubsequentdevelopmentwork.
Planningmethod
Whenbuildingabusinessintelligencesystem,informationresourcescanbeplannedina"top-down","bottom-up"or"up-and-downcombination"approach.
1.Fromtoptobottom.Startingfromtheuser'sapplicationneeds,byanalyzingwhatproblemstheuserhopestosolvethroughBI,soastosummarizewhichknowledgeusersneedtoobtainfromtheBIsystem,butinvertedtheinformationarchitectureanddataarchitectureoftheBIsystem.
2.Frombottomtotop.Startingfromtheuser'sexistingdataresources,analyzethedataresourcesavailabletotheuser,summarizeandsortoutthedataarchitectureoftheBIsystem,andthenintroducetheinformationsystemstructureandknowledgesystemstructureoftheBIsystem.
3.Combineupanddown.Itnotonlyconsidersthedataresourcesavailabletousers,butalsoconsiderstheapplicationrequirementsoftheuser'sbusinesstotheBIsystem.