Hungarians

NationalHistory

AnanonymousgeographerandGerdizinPersiaproposedthattherearetwoMagyartribes,oneistheMansiwhostillstaysintheUralMountains,theotherisItistheMagyarwholefttheUralMountainsandheadedtoSouthRussia.

TheearlyMagyarswereregardedasa"minority"amongthenomads,becausethenomadsontheEurasiancontinentmostlyspokeIndo-EuropeanandTurkiclanguages.UgricspeakerslikethemwereveryRare.TheMagyarsdonothavemuchbloodrelationshipwithTurks,Mongols,andScythians.TheyhavelivedinthelowhillsofthesouthernUralMountainsforgenerations,andsomeliveintheverycoldnorthernendofEurasia.FinnsandEstoniansarecloserelatives.

Forexample,theHunswhoappearedintheareaeastoftheBlackSeaattheendofthe4thcenturywereoncegenerallysuspectedbyhistoriansasthedescendantsoftheHunswhohadbeendefeatedbytheHanDynastyandmovedwestward.However,afteraseriesoftheoriesandAsevidencefromthearchaeologicalexcavations,theHunsandtheHunsarenotdirectlyrelated.TheyaremorelikethefirstUgricpeopletogosouth,thatistosay,theHunsaretheancestorsoftheMagyars.

Beginninginthe8thcenturyAD,duetothedeteriorationoflivingconditionsduetoclimatechangeandthesqueezeofthelivingspaceofothernomadictribesinthesouthernRussiangrasslands,theMagyarswereforcedtoleavetheUralMountains,wheretheylivedforgenerations.Thefamilymovedtothesouthwest.TheycametotheprairiebetweentheUralRiverandtheDonRivertothrive,wheretheycameintocontactwithothernomadssuchastheBolgar,Qajar,andAlans.Astheleastcivilizedtribe,theMagyarscamefromtheirneighbors.Theylearnedhowtogrowfoodandtakecareofcashcrops,toacertainextent,tomakeupfortheirstretchedrations,buttheystillrelyoncattle,horsesandsheepfortheirlivelihoodsbasedonanimalhusbandry.Theeconomicmodelofanimalhusbandrymakesthemgoodonhorseback,andbeingabletorideandshootisthemostbasiclifeskillofeveryMagyarherder.

Inpolitics,theMagyarroyalfamilyhasalwaysbeenconsideredtobeanoblemanoriginatingfromforeignnomads.TheearliestmentionofMagyaroriginisthe9thcenturyADhistorianConstantineoftheEasternRomanEmpire.DinPoffhiroGiritsmentionedthatatribeofforeigners,"Kabar",hadenteredCentralEurope.TheroyalfamilyoftheMagyars,GrandDukeAlpad,isbelievedtobesentbytheKhazarians.AleaderoftheKhazariantribe,astheoverlordoftheMagyars,appointedayoungnoblenamedAlpadasthegranddukeoftheMagyars.AfterlivinginPannonia,theMagyarsstillactedTheservantsoftheSapeople.LaterinSouthernRussia,becauseofthePechenegattack,theMagyarswenttotheCarpathiansand10tribeswentthere.Theoriginalnamewas"onogur",whichmeanstenarrowsandtenHuihe(7Magyarsand3Khazartribes).

TheCarpathianBasinissurroundedbymountainsonthreesides,andtothewestisthePannonianPlainthroughwhichtheDanubeRiverflows.Thewaterplantshereareabundantandthegeographicallocationissafe.Therearenootherpowerfulnomadsaroundtocompeteforpastures,soTheMagyarsdecidedtotakerootheretodeveloptheirfoundation.Theenvironmentdeterminestheirdestiny,andthefuturehistoricaltrendoftheMagyarswilllargelydependonthegeographicalandculturalenvironmentoftheCarpathianBasin.

FromthegrasslandsofSouthRussiatotheCarpathianBasininthehinterlandofCentralEurope,itmeansmovingfromabarbarianzonetoasemi-civilizedandsemi-barbariczone.SincethetimeoftheRomanEmpire,theCarpathianBasinhasbeenabridgebetweentheRomansandvariousbarbarians.UntiltheMagyarscamehere,itwasstilltheforefrontoftheByzantineEmpireagainstthenorthernbarbarians.Theinterweavingofcivilizationandbarbarismisthebiggestfeatureofthisregion.Theresultsofdifferentforces'gameshereoftenhaveadecisiveinfluenceonthepoliticalstructureoftheBalkans,Italy,andCentralEurope.Therefore,theMagyarsarenolongertheinconspicuousnomadicbarbariansontheedgeofEurope,andnowtheyhavebeenpushedtotheforefrontofhistory.

TheMagyarswhohavetakenrootinthenewarealookedaroundandfoundthattheywereinanexcellenterainhistory,becausethesurroundingneighborswereeitherdividedininfightingorweakened.Itisasoftpersimmonthatcanbepinched.ThisissimplythebestgiftGodhasbroughttotheMagyars.

Inthesouth,theByzantineEmpireontheothersideoftheDanubehaslonglostitsgloryinthetimeofCheckistinian.AftertheriseoftheArabs,theraidsoftheAvars,theinvasionoftheSlavs,theoffensivesoftheLombards,andtherepeatedharassmentofthePechenegs,thismedievalelderempirehasbecomeagiantinthemire.TheconstantflowofnorthernbarbariansmadetheByzantinesstrugglingtocopewith,coupledwiththemenacingMuslimforcesontheeasternfrontandthepiratesoftheMediterranean,thisempirewasonthevergeofcollapseseveraltimes,anditwasalmostunsustainable.

IntheWest,thedivisionoftheCharlemagneEmpirelefttheGermanstiredofcivilwarandhadnotimeforhimtotakecareofthem.SincethedeathofCharlemagne,theempirehasbecomeamessinlessthanageneration.Thedescendantsoftheemperorhatedeachotherandfoughteachother,andtheoriginallyunifiedFrankishkingdomwasdividedintothree.AlthoughtheEastFranconiankingdomisawholeonthesurface,ithassplitintoseveralducallordsthatdonotbelongtoeachother.Thedukeshavetheirownghostsandviolatedtheroyalfamily.Inaddition,theEastFranconiankingdomalsofoughtwiththeVikingsinthenorthandtheSlavsintheeastformanyyears,whichseriouslydistracteditsstrategicattention.Therefore,theycouldonlyreactnegativelytothearrivaloftheMagyars.

Inthesouthwest,ItalyisruledbyascatteredLombardduchy,andthereisnounityamongthenations.SincethecollapseoftheEasternGothickingdominthe6thcentury,theLombardsbegantoinfluxintoItaly,butthebarbaricroyalfamilylackedappealandinfluence,andwasunabletounitethetribe.Hissubordinatesscatteredandscrambledtocarveuptheland.Splitintonumeroussmallstates.Thissplithaslastedforcenturies,anditwasstillchaoticuntilthe10thcentury.

TheMagyarswhohavemasteredthesurroundingsituationdecidedtomakegooduseofthischaoticworldfullofopportunities.Unprecedentedopportunitiesarewaiting,andtheirerahasarrived.

TheMagyarscan’twaittorealizetheirambitions.Theyfirstenslavedthe200,000SlavslivingintheCarpathianBasinbyforceandbecametheirslaves.ThencontinuetomovewestwardintothePannonianPlain,whereitcanpenetrateintotheEastFranconiankingdominthenorth,andintonorthernItalyinthesouth,anditcanalsostayawayfromtheoldrivalPecheneg,makingtherearsafer.

Fromthe10thcentury,theMagyarsbegantounscrupulouslylaunchlarge-scaleattacksonallsurroundingareas,withahighfrequencyalmosteveryyear.Theyaregoodplayersonhorseback,goodatridingandshooting,theirswiftnessisunrivaled,andtheyareparticularlygoodatusingtheirancestralassassinsincombat-BackHorseArrows.TheMagyarsareextremelycautiousbothinbattleandmarching.Afterencounteringanenemy,theywillfirstmaintainasafedistanceandusetheirmobilitytoquicklyoutflankthetwowings.Therainharassedtheenemy,andtheenemychasingafteritdidn'ttakealongtime,thefrontlinewasbrokenandmoralewaslow,becomingalivingtargetoftheMagyar,andwasfinallyharvestedunderthechargeofthecavalry.

Thehorse-shootingtacticsoftheMagyarsareveryeffectiveagainsttheGermans,Slavsandotherweakcavalrycountries.Aslongastheycanconductfieldbattlesonawidebattlefield,theywillnotgotoanydisadvantage.Withthecontinuousincreaseintheresultsofthebattleandthedeepeningoftheirunderstandingoftheenemy,theirappetiteshavegrownstronger,andtheirplunderingoperationshavebecomemoreandmoreunscrupulous.Only10yearslater,theirlootinghadreachedtheNorthGermanregionthousandsofmilesawayfromtheirhometown,andtheywerealmostabouttocollidehead-onwiththeVikings.BecausethemagicalMagyarcavalrymadeitdifficultfortheiropponentstofindandintercept,andthechaosanddivisionswithintheEastFrankishkingdom,everyonewasunabletouniteagainstforeignenemies.Inordertoreducethepossibilityofbeingintercepted,theMagyarsalsotrytheirbesttodividethearmyintomultipleunitsandlooting,becausewhattheywantistrophies,nothead-onbattles.

Inthisway,theMagyarsbegantosweeptheentireWesternEuropewiththeirunparalleledmobilityontheground.Duringthelootingin924,theyrushedintoSwabiaandBavaria,crossedtheRhineandravagedAlsaceandLorraine.ThiswastheirfirstattackontheregionwestoftheRhine.Unabletostoptheirironshoes.Twoyearslater,theyrushedsouthwardintonorthernItaly.AfterbreakingthroughthecityofPavia,theyescapedintotheAlps,followedthemountainpathwestwardintoBurgundy,plunderedandlootedsouthwestandenteredSpain.Shocked.Themilitaryoperationsin954wereevenmoreimpressive.TheMagyarsonceagainsweptacrossBavariaandSwabian,crossedtheRhineinWorms,ransackednorthernGaul,andevenswaggeredsouthwardunderthecityofParis.AfterenteringBurgundy,hefinallyreturnedtohishometownofPannoniaalongthecoastofItaly.ThisyeartheycircledtheAlpscompletely,whichwasthemostsuccessfulraidinhistory.

Until955AD,theSaxonEmperorOttotheGreatdefeatedandseverelyinjuredthemintheBattleofAugsburginBavaria.They(includingtheSislavswhosurvivedfromGreatMoraviaandthetruesourceofMagyardescent)convertedtosettledandfarmedlives,convertedtoChristianityundertheruleofSt.Stephen,Ishtevan,andabsorbedTheadvancedcivilizationofWesternEuropenolongerposesathreattoforeignraces.

Intermsofculture,theMagyarsaresimilartotheEastAsianculturalcircleinsomerespects.Forexample,thenamingmethodofHungariannamesissurnamefirst,firstname,lastidentity,whichiscompletelyoppositetothesurroundingIndo-Europeanlanguages,andthesameasEastAsiannations(Chinese,Japanese,Vietnamese,Korean,etc.),theorderisfirstsurnameandlastname.name.Butthat'sall,itdoesnotmeanthattheHungarianshaveasubstantialconnectionwiththeEastAsiannations,whetheritiscultureorblood.

Origin

TheHungarianscallthemselvesMagyars(Magyars).

Itissaidthatin1235,BélaIVorderedmanyprieststopreachtotheeast.TheycrossedtheVolgaRiverandfoundthatthewastelandtherewasapartofthepeoplewhoselanguagewassimilartoHungarian.Inthe19thcentury,Hungarianlinguistsinvestigatedandstudiedthelanguages​​spokenbythetribesinthatarea.ThemorecommonviewisthatHungarianslivetogether.Later,scientificdataprovedthatHungariansoncelivedinthisareawithotherethnicgroups.Duetothegeographicalcharacteristicsofthisarea,Hungariansliveonfarmingandareinafeudalsociety.Fromaboutthemiddleofthe5thcentury,theHungariansconsistedof7localgovernments,theywere:Neck,Maizar(namelyMazar),Gütgyormat,Tarjan,Jeno,Kyle,andKathy.Amongthem,Magyarsarethestrongest,soHungariansarealsocalledMagyars.LegendhasitthattheleaderofthetribeusedtoshedbloodasanallianceinaccordancewithHungariancustomsandelectedtheleaderofHungary,Arpad,asking.

Accordingtotheresultsofarchaeologicalresearch,in896AD,undertheleadershipofKingAlbad,atthattimeabout500,000HungarianslivedinCarbainanorganizedmannerandwithsmallsacrifices.QianBasin.Hungarianshavelivedforalongtime,about4centuries.Duringsuchalongmigrationprocess,theMagyarshavealwayslivedinareasunderthejurisdictionoftheHungarians.Becauseofthis,somehistoricalrecordsinthe9thto10thcenturiesoftenrefertotheHungariansasEasternEuropeans.

TheCarpathianBasinisanalluvialplain.Intheprocessofnationalresidence,eachnationalityhaswellmaintaineditsmaincharacteristicsofnationalityandlanguage.ItcanbeseenthatHungariansaretheoriginalresidentsofthisregion.TheyarethesameasthoseofEuropeannations,becauseoftheirkinshipratherthantheirgeographicallocation,theHungarianshaveagreatcohesion.These7Hungariangroupsincludeabout100socialorganizations,andthesegroupsshouldallbeincommon.AdistinctivefeaturethatdistinguishesHungariansfromotherethnicgroupsinEuropeisthatmostoftheotherethnicgroupsspeakEasternEuropeanorWesternEuropeanlanguages,whichareallEuropeanlanguages.HungarianisaEuropeanlanguageandisinfluencedbyHungarianatthesametime.Ofcourse,theappearance,folklore,andtunesoftheHungariansarenotunique.Inaddition,unlikeotherethnicgroupswhosettledhere,Hungarianshavelonghadarelativelyfixedaffiliation,whileotherethnicgroupseitherattributethemselvestonon-Hungariansorbelongtonon-Hungarians.Atthesametime,theHungarianculturehasabsorbedmanyfactorsofthepeoplewhooncesettledhere,suchasHungaryandthecultureoftheHungariannation.Duetohistoricalreasons,HungaryhasthecharacteristicsofHungarianculturalintegration,whichcanbefullyexpressedintheirlaterliterature,artandmusic.SincetheCarpathianBasineffectivelypreventedintrusionsfromthenorth,east,andsoutheast,itcouldnotpreventtheentryofotherethnicgroupsfromthewestandsouthalongtheDanube.Therefore,HungaryisalsosubjecttothedualconstraintsoftheWestandtheSouth,orshouldbesaidtobethepowersoftheWestandtheEast,sothatthiscountryhastoparticipateinacertaingroupforitsownbenefit.Infact,theHungarianlanguage,uniqueappearanceandculturemakethemfundamentallydifferentfromthenon-HungarianandWesternEuropeanswhosettledhere.

Traditionalcharacteristics

HungariansaresurroundedbydifferentracesofWesternEuropeansandRomanianswhoarenotHungarians,andthereisaconstantmixofphysicaltypesandculturalinfluences.

Therearetwomaininfluences:oneistheinfluenceoftheHungarianswhoconqueredandoccupiedthecountryinthe16thand17thcenturies;theotheristhepowerfulHungarianizationoftheHungarianHabsburgsthatfollowedImpact.Hungarybecameautonomousin1867andbecameindependentin1918.Inthoseyears,theymaintainedtheoriginalart,musicandliterature,andfolkartssuchasembroideryandpotteryarestillimportanttoday.HungaryhasnotreleasedstatisticsonreligiousbeliefssinceWorldWarII.Butbeforethewar,about65%wereCatholicsand25%wereProtestants.