concept
May 13, 2000, Russian President Vladimir Putin of the Russian Federation at the time of the 89 federal subjects divided into seven Federal District (федеральный округ / Federal'nyj Okrug), the the addition of a regulatory and oversight bodies between the federal center and the federal subjects. Increase January 19, 2010 for the eight Federal District. March 21, 2014 to amplify nine Federal District. July 28, 2016, Putin signed a decree, the Crimean Southern Federal District and the Federal District merged reorganized into a new Southern Federal District.
list
| Federal District | administrative Center | Federal body |
| central Federal District | Moscow | Orel | Belgorodskaya oblast | Bryansk | Vladimir oblast | Kaluga | Kostroma state | Kursk state | Lipetsk Island | Moscow municipality | Moscow oblast | Ryazan | Smolensk | Tambov state | Tver | Tula | Voronezh | Yaroslavl | Ivanovo state | total of 18 |
| southern Federal District | Rostov | Republic of Adygeya | Astrakhan | Volgograd | Kalmykia | Krasnodar Krai | Rostov state | Republic of Crimea | Sevastopol municipalities total 8 |
| northwestern Federal District | Petersburg | Arkhangelsk state | Nenets autonomous | Kaliningrad | Republic of Karelia < b> |Republic of Komi | Murmansk | Nizhny Novgorod | Pskov | St Petersburg municipality | Leningrad Oblast | Vologda | total 11 |
| Far Eastern Federal District | character pull Divo Stoke | Amur | Chukotka | Kamchatka Krai | Khabarovsk Krai | Magadan | Primorye | Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) | Sakhalin | Jewish Autonomous | total 9 |
| Siberian Federal District | Novosibirsk | Republic of Altai | Altai Krai | < / b> Buryat Republic | Baikal Territory | Irkutsk | Republic of Khakassia | Kemerovo | Krasnoyarsk Krai | Novosibirsk | Omsk state | Tomsk | Tuva | total 12 |
| Ural Federal District | Ekaterinburg | Kurgan | Sverdlovsk | Tyumen | Khanty - Mansi autonomous region | Yamal - Nenets autonomous | Chelyabinsk | total 6 |
| Volga Federal District | at Novgorod Germany | Republic of Bashkortostan | at | Chuvashia | Kirov | Mari El Republic | Republic of Moldova Nizhny Novgorod | Orenburg | Penza state | Perm Krai | Samara | Saratov | Tatarstan | Udmurt Republic | Ulyanovsk state | total 14 |
| North Caucasian Federal District < / p> | Pyatigorsk | Republic of Dagestan | Ingushetia | Kaba Jorda - Pakistan Balkaria Republic | Karachay - Cherkess Republic | Stavropol Krai | North Ossetia - Alan Republic | Chechen Republic | Total 7 | < / tr>
History
1991 Nian 12 8, Russia declared independence from the Soviet Union.
1991 Nian 12 25, announced that the Soviet Union ceased to exist, recognition of the sovereignty of an independent 15 republics.
1992 Nian 3 31, Russia formally recognized the treaty from Magadan to Chukotka autonomous independent federal body. In February 1991, the legislature has declared autonomous region of Magadan out.
1992 In June 2009, Chechnya - Ingushetia canceled, into the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Ingushetia. Where the strongest independent forces in the Chechen Republic, Yeltsin launched a war in Chechnya, hopes to use force to stop the separatist movement.
In the same year, a referendum of the Republic of Tatarstan same independent streak expansion held, refused to join the Russian Federation. This has forced Russia followed its signing "between the Russian Federation and organs of state power organs of state power on Tatarstan division of jurisdiction and cross-licensing of the Treaty", the treaty stipulates that the Republic of Tatarstan jointly with the Russian Federation as a country, can participate foreign economic relations and international relations, privileged in terms of taxation, finance and so on. The treaty gives Russia Tatarstan exceed the powers under the Constitution, in fact, become a national Tatarstan has a special status and privileges remain in the Russian Federation.
about 1994, Moscow and St. Petersburg, respectively, from the Moscow region, Leningrad Oblast, an independent federal body.
December 28, 1995, the capital of the Republic of Ingushetia migration from Nazran (Nazran ') moved to Magas (Magas).
In 1997, the local government of the Chechen Republic to Grozny (Groznyy) changed its name to Jia Haer (Dzhokhar), in honor of 1991-- President of the Republic in 1996. In any Dudayev (Dzhokhar Dudayev), but this tendency has a serious independent behavior was not accepted by the international community.
May 13, 2000, Presidential Decree No. 849 the 89 federal subjects of the Russian Federation on the establishment of seven Federal District (федеральный округ / Federal'nyj Okrug), is a regulatory and oversight bodies.
June 23, 2000, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered the renamed North Caucasian Federal District Southern Federal District, because it contains not officially belong to several regions of the North Caucasus.
December 1, 2005, Perm State Perm 'and Komi - 彼尔米亚克 autonomous Komi-Permyatskiy (in Kudymkar Kudymkar) merger, the establishment of Perm Krai.
2007 January 1, Taimyr and Evenk autonomous regions and autonomous regions 入克拉斯诺亚 Krai.
July 1, 2007, the Koryak autonomous region (in Palana Palana) re-incorporated in Kamchatka, the establishment of Kamchatka Krai.
January 1, 2008, Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous revoke and re-incorporated into the Irkutsk region.
March 1, 2008, Chita and the Aga Buryat Autonomous merger, set up outside the Baikal Territory.
2014 Nian March 18 Crimea has been accepted to join the main body of the Russian Federation since March 18, Russia's formal implementation of laws and other regulations in the Crimea and Sevastopol .
2014 Nian 3 Yue 21 presidential official in the Russian Federation signed a legal document, acknowledged the Crimea and Sevastopol as a new subject of the Russian Federation.
2016 Nian 7 28, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the 28th, the Southern Federal District and the Federal District Crimea merger reorganized into a new Southern Federal District.