Interpretation
crystal capacity is also called crystalline intelligence, crystal intelligence, etc., is the concept of American psychologist Raymond Cartel in 1963. Crystal intelligence is the ability to achieve social cultural experience, also known as cultural knowledge intelligence, such as vocabulary concept, speech understanding, common sense, etc., based on memory stored information.
Carter Intelligence Theory
American psychologist Raymond Carter's fluid intelligence and crystal intelligence theory proposed in 1963. According to the analysis of intellectual test results, he divides intelligence into two categories: which is a liquid intelligence (Fluidintelligences), and the other is: crystal capacity (crystal intelligence).
Liquid capacity (liquid intelligence) refers to the ability to show during information processing and problem resolution. If the understanding, class ratio, interpretation of reasoning, and the ability to form abstract concepts. It depends on the content of cultural and knowledge, and determines the talent of individuals. The development of liquid capabilities is closely related to age. After the age of 20, people have achieved the development of the liquid ability, and will decrease with age after 30 years old. In addition, psychologists also found that liquid capabilities belong to the basic ability of human beings, and their individual differences are less affected by educational culture. Therefore, when preparing so-called cultural fair tests suitable for different cultures, there is more liquid capability as a basis for intelligence comparisons of different cultural backgrounds.
Crystal capacity (crystal intelligence) refers to obtaining knowledge of language, mathematics, and it is determined by the study, close relationship with social culture. Crystal intelligence has developed in the life of people, but the speed of development is growing slowly after 25 years old.
Crystal intelligence is greatly affected by the day after tomorrow, mainly as the ability to apply new knowledge and skills to absorb new knowledge and solve new problems, these capabilities are not reduced with age, just certain skills It has become useless under new social conditions. Fluid intelligence refers to the ability of the basic psychological process, which decreases with age. The crystal ability has been developing in a person's life. It is related to education, culture, does not decrease due to age growth, only the speed of development is gradually gentle. In addition, crystal intelligence is the intelligence obtained by mastering social and cultural experience. If the word concept, speech understanding, common sense and other memory storage information is the ability to maintain relative stability. And the intelligence of fluid intelligence has a slow down.