Definition
Counterfeitandinferiorgoodsarefakeandinferiormaterialproducts,excludingmentalproducts.Itscharacteristicsare:withunrealityfactorsandsocialharm.
Counterfeitgoods
Whenthegoodsaremanufactured,theyvividlyimitatetheexternalcharacteristicsofothersimilarproducts,orcopyandsellproductsthathavebeenprotectedbyintellectualpropertyrightswithoutauthorization.Pretendtobesomeoneelse’sproduct.Inthecurrentmarket,themainmanifestationsarefraudulentuseandforgeryoftrademarksandsignsofothers;fraudulentuseofothers'uniquenames,packaging,decoration,factorynameandfactoryaddress;fraudulentuseofhigh-qualityproductqualitycertificationmarksandproductsidentifiedbyproductionlicenses.
Fakeandinferiorgoods
referstogoodsproducedanddistributedthatviolatetheprovisionsofmycountry’scurrentlawsandadministrativeregulations,andwhosequalityandperformanceindicatorsdonotmeetthenationalstandardsthathavebeenpromulgatedbymycountry.Therequirementsstipulatedbyindustrystandardsandlocalstandards,evenproductsproducedwithoutstandards.
Distinguishingconnection
Counterfeitgoodsandcounterfeitgoodsarebothdifferentandinterrelated.Theyarethesametypesofgoodsthatcanbemutuallytransformedorcontaineachother.Counterfeitgoods,asmentionedabove,refertoaveryrealisticimitationoftheappearanceofacertainproduct,sothatusersandconsumersmistakenlybelievethattheproductisagenuineproduct.Producersandsellersofcounterfeitgoodscopyandsellgoodsprotectedbyintellectualpropertyrightswithoutauthorizationorpermission(orrecognition).Reproductiongenerallyreferstothereproductionofaproduct'strademark,packaging,label,orotherimportantcharacteristics.Theso-calledcounterfeitingreferstoactsthatviolatetheprovisionsofnationallawsandregulationstoproduceandsellproducts(commodities)undertheguiseoffamousbrandsorbrandnamestoentrapusersandconsumers.Therefore,inabroadsense,thecontentofcounterfeitgoodsdoesnotmatchthename,anditisalsoakindofinferiorgoods.However,fromanarrowperspective,fakeandinferiorgoodsmainlyrefertoinferiorqualityorlossofusevalue,whichisalsodifferentfromcounterfeitgoods.Asmentionedabove,thecounterfeitplaceoforigin,factorynameorcertificationmark,famousandexcellentmark,orregisteredtrademarkofothersisacounterfeitcommodity,notafakeorinferiorcommodity.Fakeandshoddygoodsaresometimessoldascounterfeitotherbrand-nameproducts.Atthistime,theyarebothfakeandshoddygoods.
Thereisastrictdistinctionbetweenfakeandinferiorproductsandgenuineproducts.Genuineproductsrefertoproductsthatmeetqualitystandards,andcansometimesbeclassifiedintofirst-class,second-class,andthird-classproducts.Onthecontrary,productsthatdonotmeetthequalitystandards,defectiveproductsthathaveobviousappearancedefectsoraffecttheusevalue,andwasteproductsthatdonotmeetthetechnicalstandardsandcannotbeusednormally,iftheyaresold,theyareallcounterfeitandinferiorproducts.
Commonform
(1)Commoditiesthatcounterfeittheregisteredtrademarksofothers;
(2)Commoditiesthatcounterfeittheorigin,companynameorcodeofothers'commodities;
(3)Productswithfictitiouscompanynames;
(4)Productsthathaveexpired,expired,ordeteriorated;
(5)Productsthatendangerpersonalandpropertysafety;
(6)Commoditieswhosenamesandtexturesareinconsistent,theindicatedindicatorsdonotmeettheactualconditions,orwhosemainindicatorsdonotmeetnationalstandards;
(7)Commoditieswithhigh-qualityorcertificationmarks,Commoditiesthatcounterfeitthelicensemark;
(8)Commoditiesthatmakefakesorcutcorners;
(9)Useshoddyproductsasgoodones,usefakeonesasrealproducts,anduseoldonesasnewonesCommodities;
(10)Productsthatareexpresslyprohibitedbylawsandregulationsfrombeingproducedandsold;
(11)Productswithoutstandardsandinspectioncertificates;
(12)Commoditiesthatimplementproductionlicensemanagementbutdonotindicatethelicensemarkandserialnumber;
(13)Commoditiesthatdonotindicatespecifications,grades,maintechnicalindicatorsoringredientcontentinaccordancewithrelevantregulations;
(14)Dealingwithgoods(includingdefectiveproducts,by-products,etc.)withoutmarking"processingproducts"(or"defectiveproducts","by-products"ontheconspicuouspartsofthegoodsortheirpackaging,"Foreignproducts");
(15)Productsthatproduceanddistributehighlytoxic,flammable,explosiveandotherdangerousproductswithoutmarkingtherelevantlabelsorprovidinginstructionsforuseinaccordancewithregulations;
(16)Commoditiesusedwithinalimitedperiodoftimewithoutindicatingortruthfullyindicatingthedateofproductionandexpirationtime;
(17)Failuretoindicatetheplaceoforiginaccordingtoregulations.Companyname,businessaddressandotheritemsofgoods.
Harm
1.Seriouslydamagethereputationofmycountry'sfamousandhigh-qualityproducts,infringeonthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofenterprises,andendangerthesurvivalanddevelopmentofenterprises
FromthecasesthathavebeenseizedLook,theproductsthatarecounterfeitedinthemarketareallbrand-nameproductsthatareofgoodquality,marketable,deeplylovedbyconsumersandusers,andhaveahighreputationinthedomesticandforeignmarkets.Intheprocess,theyhavespentalongtimeandarduouslabor,ofwhichaconsiderablepartistheessenceofourcountry'sproducts,whicharethetreasuresofthecountry.However,themore"famous","high-end",and"short-sale",themorecounterfeitingwillbemixedin,especiallytheproductsthatareeasytomake,profitable,andsoldwellarecounterfeitedinlargenumbers.Accordingtotheresultsofthenationalfoodqualityinspectioncenterfrom1991to1995,thesamplesofMoutai,Wuliangyeandotherfamousliquorsweretested.In1991,therewere54samples,andtheauthenticityratewas8.4%;in1992,therewere223samples,andtheauthenticityratewas30.4%.1993,291samples,theauthenticityrateof45.7%,in1994,351samples,theauthenticityrateof62.3%,in1995,981samples,theauthenticityrateof44%.Inthefourthquarterof1994,theStateBureauofTechnicalSupervisionsampledfakeMoutai,WuliangyeandotherfamousliquorsinthefivemarketsofBeijing,Shanghai,Nanjing,Xi'anandHarbin.Theauthenticityratewas57.3.Therefore,intensifyingthepunishmentofcounterfeitandhigh-qualityproductsandstrengtheningtheprotectionofhigh-qualityproductshavebecomeanurgenttaskinthe"anti-counterfeiting"work.In1995,YunnanYuxiCigaretteFactoryspent120millionyuanincrackingdownoncounterfeit"Hongtashan"famouscigarettes.Thepersoninchargeofthefactorysaidwithemotion:"Iamnotafraidofcompetition,butafraidofcounterfeiting."Xi’an’s“Sun”brandricecrackersarewellknownbywomenandchildrenacrossthecountry.In1990,thewholefactoryrealizedprofitsandtaxesofmorethan30millionyuan.However,counterfeitgoodsonthemarketarealwaysintheshadowsandcan’tgetridofit.Commoditiesfloodedthemarket.In1991,profitsandtaxesfellto10millionyuan.Inthefirsthalfof1992,agoodcompanywasalmostsqueezedoutbycounterfeitgoods.In1993,DongfengMotorwascounterfeitedandlost40millionyuaninrevenuefromthecompanyandthestate.
Pitfarmsharmfarmersandseriouslyaffectagriculturalproduction
Fakeandinferiorpesticides,chemicalfertilizers,seeds,feed,andagriculturalmachineryaccessoriesareaprominentproblemaffectingagriculturalproduction.Forexample,in1994,theHenanRuchengCountyAgriculture,ForestryandAnimalHusbandryProvenanceCompanyillegallysoldfakehybridriceseeds,resultinginareductionof80,000muofriceproductionin6countiesinZhejiang,Anhui,andHunan.Amongthem,40,000muofricewascutoff,andmorethan30,000farmerswereshortoffood.Brokencooking.Counterfeitandshoddyproductshaveworsenedthealreadyfragileagriculturalproductioninsomeareas,severelyunderminedagriculturalproduction,andaffectedthestabilityoffarmers'lives.3.Thevastnumberofconsumerssufferedmultiplepersonal,economicandspiritualinjuries.From1992to1996,sevenfakeliquorcasesinHeilongjiang,Henan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangxi,Yunnan,etc.caused68deathsanddisabledmorethan100people;SixchildrenandawomanfromShandong,Henan,Sichuan,andHubeiwerekilledbyafakeinjection.Inthiscase,whenthefatherofavictimrushedbacktohishometownafterhearingthenews,hissonwasburiedandhiswifewentcrazy.Itwastrulytragic.AnindividualdoctorinQitaiheCity,HeilongjiangProvincealsodiedofafakeinjection.Inferiorelectricalappliancesandgasappliancescausedeaths,inferiorcosmeticscauseburnstotheface,andinferiorbeveragesandfoodscausepoisoning,andtherearefrequentreports.Somepeoplesaythatexceptforwigs,thereisnofake,everythingisfake.Althoughthisisnotcomprehensive,itreflectspeople'sfearfulmentality.TheBeijingInstituteofSocialPsychologypublisheda1996surveyreportonBeijingcitizens’mentality.Onesuchdataissurprising.Incitizens’assessmentoftheseverityofsocialproblems(atotalof12items),counterfeitandinferiorgoods24%(occupyingthethirdplace),32.2%in1994(thesecondplace),ithasgrownto57.3%in1996(thefirstplace).Inotherwords,intheassessmentoftheseverityofcitizensin1996,itwasanincreaseof25.1percentagepointsfrom1994andanincreaseof33.3percentagepointsfrom1993.
Damagethecredibilityofexportcommodities
Counterfeitandinferiorcommoditiesflowedoutofthecountry,mainlybecauseoftheout-of-controlofthebordercrossingsforshoppingandtourism,borderpeople’sexchange,andthebordertradeoperatedbyaffiliatedcompaniesinthepastfewyears.Thesupervisionofbordertradeexportcommoditiesisweak.OnJanuary8,1998,"ReferenceNews"publishedamessagefromJapan's"YomiuriShimbun"that:Japanwillinvestigatethevictimizationofitsproductsoverseas,andsaidthatChinaistheworld'slargestcounterfeitgoodsproductionmarket.In1994and1995,theUnitedStatescontinuouslyrankedtheinfringinggoodsexportedfromChinatotheUnitedStatesatthetopofthelist.InthepublicationspublishedbytheBritishAnti-CounterfeitingEnterpriseGroup,Chinaislistedastheworld'sleadingproducerofcounterfeitgoods.ThepoorqualityofChina'sbordertradeproductshasoncebecomeahottopicofdiscussioninthenewsmediaofRussiaandotherCIScountries.Althoughmycountry’sexportproductsarestrictlycontrolledandtheoverallqualityisgood,itisnotuncommontosee"apieceofratshitbreaksapotofsoup".Thiskindofshort-termbehaviorcanthriveforawhileandmakeaprofitforawhile,butafterallItwilltakelongerandmoreexpensivetoeliminatetheseadverseeffects.
Althoughcounterfeitandinferiorcommoditiesonlyaccountforasmallpartofthetotalsocialcommodities,ifthemomentumofdevelopmentandspreadisnoteffectivelycurbed,itwillaffectthedevelopmentofmycountry’seconomyandsocietyandthesocialistmarketeconomy.Theestablishmentofthesystemhascausedgreatharm,anditisalsoaseriousimpactonthetraditionalsocialethics,professionalethics,andpersonalvirtuesthattheChinesenationhasformedforthousandsofyears.Furthermore,ithasaggravatedthedevelopmentofsocialwealthinthedirectionofunfairdistribution,andhasintensifiedthedevelopmentofspeculativepsychologyinsocietythatdoesnotworkfornothing.Itdoesnotgetrichthroughhardwork,butattheexpenseofothers,andharmsotherstogetrich;italsopoisonsthesocialenvironmentandnotonlyseverelycorrodesapartofit.Thehumansoulhascorrodedagroupofcadres,aggravatedthespeedofpowercorruption,andseverelycorrodedthenextgeneration;itunderminedtherulesoftheentiresocialandeconomicoperationandrestrictedthedevelopmentofadvancedproductiveforces.Fromthisperspective,itItisnotonlyaneconomicissue,butalsoaserioussocialandpoliticalissue.
Features
Counterfeitproductsareaccompaniedbyinferiorproducts
Intheeyesofordinarypeopleinmycountry,counterfeitproductsarefakeandinferiorproducts.Infact,thissituationdoesnotexistinallcountries.Insomedevelopedcountries,generalproductiontechnologyismorepopular,andequipmentandtechnologyareeasilyavailable.Therefore,thequalitygapbetweencounterfeitproductsandgenuineproductsisnotverylarge.Theprofitsofcounterfeitersaremainlyintheinfringementofthetrademarksandgoodwillofgenuineproducts.Inmostdevelopingcountries,duetothelowlevelofoverallproductiontechnology,counterfeitersoftenuseinferiorproductstocounterfeitgenuineproductsinordertoobtainhigherprofits.Consumersareoftenharmedbycounterfeitproducts.Lookingbackonmycountry'shistoryofcounterfeitandshoddyproducts,wecanfindthatinthelate1980sandearly1990s,mostofthecounterfeitandshoddyproductsinvestigatedwereofextremelylowquality,orevencompletelyfake.Inrecentyears,asthelevelofsocialproductiontechnologyhasimproved,thequalityofcounterfeitproductshasalsoimproved,andevenalargenumberofcounterfeitproductswiththesamequalityasgenuineproductshaveappeared.Thisisactuallythechangingeffectofthedevelopmentofproductiontechnologyoncounterfeitproducts.Despitethis,mostofthecounterfeitproductsarestillinferiorproductsfromsmallworkshopswithlowproductiontechnology,andthissituationwillcontinueforquitesometime.
Productcounterfeitingandanti-counterfeitingmarkersareaccompaniedbycounterfeiting
Theproliferationofcounterfeitandinferiorproductshasstimulatedthedevelopmentoftheanti-counterfeitingindustry,butalmostallproductswithgoodmarketsalesandhighmarketpositioningaremoreorlessAnti-counterfeitingproductsarebeingused.Counterfeitingandanti-counterfeitinghavealwaysexistedanddevelopedinmutualstruggle.Amongthecurrentcounterfeitproducts,therearemanypeoplewearinganti-counterfeitingcoatssuchaslaseranti-counterfeitingmarks.Thishasbecomeamajorfeatureofcounterfeitproductsinmycountry.
Counterfeitproductsandcounterfeitproductscoexist
Inthedestinationcommoditymarket,therearealargenumberofcounterfeitproductsandcounterfeitproductsbesidescounterfeitproducts.Theprominentfeatureofthesecounterfeitproductsistheuseofthesameorverysimilarpatternsandstylesasthebrand-nameproductsonthetrademarksandpackaging;thebrandnamesoftheproductsaresimilartothoseofthebrand-nameproducts.
Four.Thesymbiosisofcounterfeitandshoddyproductswithlocalprotectionismandcorruption.Intheinvestigationofmanycasesofcounterfeitandshoddyproducts,alargenumberofcounterfeitproductscomefromsomecounterfeitandshoddyproductdistributioncenters.Thesedistributioncentersaresurroundedbyalargenumberofindividuals,professionalhouseholdsandmanufacturersengagedintheproduction,processing,transportationandsaleofcounterfeitandshoddyproducts,andfraudhasreachedablatantlevel.Thelocalgovernmentignoredthisandevensecretlysupportedit.Ontheotherhand,thelargenumberofcounterfeitsalesissupportedbycorruption.Manyofthefraudcasesinvestigatedareaccompaniedbybribery,briberyandothercorruption.Counterfeitandinferiorproductionshowsspecializationanddecentralization.
Inrecentyears,undertheseverecrackdownbytheChinesegovernment,fraudhasalsotendedtobedividedintomoredetaileddivisionsoflaborandscatteredinlocations.Eachfrauddenisoftenonlyresponsibleforacertainlinkofproductionandsales.Counterfeitersdothisbecauseitcanincreasethedifficultyofcounterfeiting.
Reasons
Thereasonsfortheproliferationofcounterfeitandshoddygoods
Theemergenceofcounterfeitandshoddygoodsinmodernsocietyhasahistoryofmorethan100years.Inthemid-19thcentury,TheperiodofrapiddevelopmentofindustryandcommerceintheUKwasalsotheperiodwhencounterfeitandshoddygoodswerethemostserious.Afterthewar,countriesandregionssuchasJapanandTaiwanProvinceofmycountryalsoexperiencedsimilarsituationsduringtheeconomictake-offstage.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutcounterfeitandshoddygoodsinChina?Whathasbeeninvestigatedanddealtwithisonlyasmallpartoftheicebergemergingfromthewater.Thereareabout1millioncasesofcounterfeitbrand-namecigaretteseachyear.Thecrackdownonfamous-brandcigarettesisarelativelygoodindustry,andatbestonly10%-20%areinvestigated.In1993,DongfengMotorCompanyconductedaninvestigationbasedonusercomplaints.Therewere2,000counterfeitDongfengcarsthatyear.Accordingtothecompany'sestimation,thenumberoffakeDongfengcarsassembledinChinawasabout20,000.Theproportionoffakebrand-nameandhigh-qualityliquorinrealliquorhasremainedhighinthepastfewyears.Asforthecounterfeitofalargenumberofbrand-nameclothing,andtheinconsistencyoffiberproductcontentlabels,theyhavebasicallynotbeeninvestigatedanddealtwith.Therefore,somepeopleestimatethatatbestonlyone-tenthofthecounterfeitandinferiorgoodsonthemarkethavebeeninvestigatedanddealtwith,andareportinthePeople'sDailyevenestimatedthatonlyone-twentiethofthemhavebeenfound.
Frauddrivenbyprofit
Inthepastfewyears,aslongastheycanbefooledinacompetitivemarket,somepeoplewillmixbricksandsandintocottonbalesforsale.Go;makesaccharin,colorings,andflavorsinto"soda"andsellthemalongthestreet;theywillsellthe"famous"liquorblendedwithmethanoltothosewhoareorganizinganewmarriagebanquettoentertainguestsfromallsides;theywillsell50%Starchand50%talcumpowderaremixedandpressedintovarious"antibiotic"tabletstodeceivepharmacists,doctorsandpatients;theywillalsostickotherpeople'strademarksontheircrudeproducts.Pretendtobefamousproducts,swindle,etc.Underthehighlyplannedeconomicsystem,thegovernmentdirectlyintervenesintheeconomythroughmandatoryplans.Thegovernmentisthedirectandspecificorganizerofnationaleconomicdevelopmentandthemainbodyofpropertyrightsandinterests,andtheenterpriseisanappendageofgovernmentagencies.Whattoproduce?Howmuchtoproduce?Accordingtowhatqualitystandardstoorganizeproduction?Howaretheproductssold?Andsoon,itisarrangedbythenationalmandatoryplan,thecirculationofproductsisuniformlyallocatedbythestate,andthemarketsystemisbasicallyclosed.Theenthusiasmofenterprisesandworkershasnotbeenfullyutilized,especiallyintheeraofshort-termeconomy,whentheproductivitylevelislow.Atthattime,theoutstandingproblemsofproductsarethesmallquantityofproducts,poorquality,andlow-gradeproducts.
Themarketeconomyisacompetitiveeconomy,anefficienteconomy,andadifferentiatedeconomy.Undertheconditionsofamarketeconomy,anenterpriseisthemainbodyofpropertyrightsandinterests.Thepursuitofmaximumprofitabilityisthegoaloftheenterprise'sstruggle,anditisalsothekeytothevitalityandvitalityoftheenterprise.Themarketeconomyislikeaninvisiblewhip,alwaysbeatingtheproducersofcommoditiestoconstantlypursueindividuallaborhourslowerthanthesociallynecessarylabortime,andconstantlypursuetheminimuminputtoobtainthemaximumoutput.Themarketsystemisopen,andthemarketeconomyhasindeedmobilizedtheleverofpersonalinterest,whichhasstimulatedpeople'sstrongdesiretogetrich.Thisleadstotwopossibletendencies:Thevastmajorityofenterprisesandworkersstudymarketneeds,continuouslydevelopmarketableproducts,strengthenmanagement,faircompetition,faircompetition,andlegalcompetition,andthusrealizetheirowninterests.Onthecontrary,averysmallnumberofpeopleforgettherighteousness,ignorethelawandmorality,usesimpleequipment,cheapmigrantworkers,andlow-qualityandlow-qualityrawmaterialstogetrich.Theprincipleofvaluingprofitinthemarketeconomyalsoconcealsavalueorientationthatinducespeopletoforgetwhatisright,leadingtotheemergenceofmoneyworshipandextremeindividualism.“Ifyouwanttomakeafortune,yourelyonfakeMoutai.”ThecostandvariousexpensesofabottleoffakeMoutaiareonly20yuan,andthepricecanreachseveralhundredyuan.Theprofitisstaggering.Ahand-madefake"Hongtashan"cigarettecostsonly10yuan,anditcanbesoldfornearly100yuanasagenuineproductinthemarket.InsomesmallcommoditymarketsinZhejiang,abottleoffakegreendanlancosmeticssellsforonlyafewyuan,buttheysellfordozensofyuaninAnhuiandotherplaces.AbatchoffakepesticidesseizedinthesuburbsofZhengzhouCitycost2,000yuanperton,andthepricewasashighas50,000to120,000yuanperton.Themoreprofitablethecounterfeiters,themoremotivatedtheyare,themoremotivatedtheyare,thedarkertheyare.AsMarxquotedTojoneninCapital:"Oncethereisaproperprofit,capitalwillbebold.Ifthereisa10%profit,hewillguaranteetouseiteverywhere;ifthereisa20%profit,hewillbecomeactive.;With50%oftheprofits,hedarestotaketherisk;for100%oftheprofits,hedarestotrampleonallhumanlaws;ifthereis300%oftheprofits,hedarestocommitanycrimes,evenriskinghisheadhanging."(TheCompleteWorksofMarxandEngels,Volume23,Page(829))
Itcanbeseenthatbeforeagoodeconomicorderhasbeenestablished,theprofitabilityofthemarketeconomyhasoftenledtosomepeople’sprofiteering.Thefraudulentbehaviorofmakingandsellingcounterfeitproductsistemptedanddriven.Itshouldbesaidthatfraudcannotbecompletelyeliminatedinanysociety.Itisjustthatunderaneffectivesystemandinacivilizedsociety,fraudwillnotbeeasilysucceeded.Atpresent,ourcountryisstillinaperiodoftransitionfromatraditionalplannedeconomicsystemtoasocialistmarketeconomicsystem.Theimmaturemarkethasmanyweaklinks,whichhasallowedcounterfeitandinferiorgoodstobreedandspread.
Lackofsupervisionovermarketentities
Everyproducerandoperatorinthecommoditymarketisthesubjectofthemarketandthesubjectofinterest.Inordertomaintainnormalmarketorder,itisnecessarytostrictlyreviewthequalificationsofthepartiesinvolvedinenteringthemarket,strictlyrestrictthosewhoarenotqualifiedtoenterthemarket,andensurethelegitimacyofmarketentities.Anyproductionoperatorandothermarketpartieswhohavenotbeenapprovedandregistered,andeconomicorganizationsandindividualswhohavenotobtainedbusinesslicensesarenotallowedtoenterthemarket.Inindustriallydevelopedcountries,theaccesstomarketentitiesshouldalsoincludetheabilitytoproduceandsellqualifiedproducts.Itshouldbesaidthatmycountry'ssupervisionofmarketentitieshasmadegreatprogressinrecentyears.However,threeaspectsofsupervisionarestillnotinplace:
Thesupervisionofvariousprofessionalcommoditymarketoperatorsisnotinplace.
Someprofessionalcommoditymarketsareplacesand“distributioncenters”forcounterfeitandshoddycommodities.Inthefourthquarterof1994,theStateBureauofTechnicalSupervisionconductedsupervisionandspotchecksonproductsinfivebearingmarketsinLiaoningWafangdian,HebeiDingzhou,ShandongLinqing,ZhejiangLuqiaoTown,andWenling.Amongthem,theWafangdianqualitysupervisionstationwasestablished.Inthemarket,thesamplingpassratewas81.1%.NoneoftheproductssampledinthethreemarketsofLinqing,LuqiaoTownandWenlingthatwereallowedtobestrictlysupervisedwerequalified.Counterfeitbearingscanbeseeneverywhere,andwhattrademarksareneededcanbeaffixedatanytime.BeforethebanontheHebeiWujiPharmaceuticalMarket,therowsofpharmaciesdidnotreceivethedrugbusinesslicenseissuedbythemedicalandhealthdepartmentatall.Theyonlyneedtospendmoneytoobtainthebusinesslicense.AboxofNiuhuangQingxinPillsproducedbyTianjinDarentangcosts25.6yuan.Inthismarket,youcanbuyitfor10yuan.ThepersoninchargeofDarentangPharmaceuticalFactoryfoundfakeNiuhuangQingxinPillsinPromisesixtimes.2.Inadequatesupervisionoftownshipandvillageenterprises,individualenterprises,andneighborhoodenterprises.Thisisthe"source"ofthecurrentproliferationofcounterfeitandshoddygoodsinourcountry.Counterfeitproducersoftenresortto"timeescape",thatis,resurrectionandcomeback;"spaceescape","strengtheningthewallandclearingthecountry"orchangingaplacewithashot.OneofthemostimportantreasonsforthefraudulentsaleofcounterfeitandinferiorlightindustrialmachinerythatoccurredatthejunctionofFujianandZhejiangprovincesamountingto150millionyuanwasthenegligenceofsomeenterprises.Inlessthanhalfayearin1992,acounty34lightindustrymachineryfactoriesthatdidnotmeettherequirementstoproducequalifiedproductswereopened,andallparticipatedinfraudulentsalesoffakeandshoddymachinery.Thislessonremindspeoplethatitisnecessarytostrengthentheinspectionofvariousindustrialandcommercialenterprisesbeforeopening,butalsotostrengthenstrictsupervisionafteropening.
Thesupervisionofstate-ownedcommercialenterprisesisnotinplace.
Formanyyears,quitealotofstate-ownedcommercialenterpriseshavenotpaidenoughattentiontotheirbusinessreputation.Inordertopursueshort-termbenefits,afewstate-ownedcommercialenterpriseshaveleasedcountersandboothsbyindividuals.Wherearethetenantsorcontractors?Goodsarepurchasedfromwheretheyarecheap.Thisisanimportantreasonwhyfakeandinferiorgoodsappearinthestate-ownedstores.AccordingtotheConsumerRightsProtectionLaw,WangHaifrequentlysucceededinobtainingdoublecompensationforbuyingfakesinsomelargeshoppingmallsinBeijing.Thisshowsthatstate-ownedlargeshoppingmallshaveobviousproblemsinstrictcontrolofpurchase,storage,andsales.Omissions,somearedeliberatelydefraudingconsumersinordertoobtainimproperprofits.
Fromtheperspectiveofthesocialenvironment,foraperiodoftime,economicactivitieshaveoftenfocusedonlyonthepursuitofmaterialbenefits,ignoringthemoralandculturalspirit,and"moneyfetishism"hasledtoadeclineinmoralstandards.EspeciallyinChinawherethecommodityeconomyisunderdeveloped,smallcommodityproducersarelargeinnumber,lowinculturalquality,andlackunderstandingoftheorderofthemarketeconomyandtheethicsandlawsandregulationsthatmaintainthenormaloperationofthemarket;smallproductionmethodsleadtoinformationblockageandlimittheirVision;short-sightednessmakesthemkeenonshort-termbehaviors,"grabahand",andengagein"one-offbusiness";insteadofdoingbusinessinaccordancewiththelawandgettingrichrightfully,theyrelyonexploitingloopholestomakeillegalprofits.Theycanbeseeneverywhereincounterfeitundergrounddens,urban-ruraljunctionswithweaksupervision,andcommoditytradedistributioncenters.Theuseoffraudulentmeanstomanufactureandsellcounterfeitandshoddygoodsconstitutestheirmostappropriatemeansofcompetitionatthisstageanda“shortcut”toamasscapital.Itisalsobelievedthatwhenthequalityofasocialcitizenisnotveryhighandsomeofthemdonothaveenoughability(financial,human,technical)todevelopnewproducts,themanufactureofcounterfeitandshoddygoodsoftenbecomesarepresentativeofbackwardproductivity.Animportantmeansforthesurvivaloftheperson.Ofthe85counterfeitersdetainedfortrialinacountyinAnhuiProvince,91%wereself-employedandunemployed.Amongthe149criminalsfiledandinvestigatedbyZhejiangProvincialProcuratoratefromJanuarytoOctober1993,122wereself-employedandunemployed,accountingfor81.9%.Chinaisacountrywheremultipleeconomiccomponentscoexist.Thenumberofsmallcommodityproducersislargerthanthatofanyothercountry,andasmallnumberofthemhavebecomea“newforce”inthecounterfeitproductionandsalesteam.Obviously,Chinawantstomakesignificantprogressincurbingcounterfeitandinferiorcommodities.Theseriousproblemistoeducateandsupervisethelargenumberofsmallcommodityproducers.
Weaksupervisionofmarketcompetitionbehavior
Faircompetitionisabasicprincipleofmodernmarketeconomy.Thisprincipleshowsthatvariouseconomicentitieshavetheopportunitytoparticipateinmarketactivitiesonanequalbasis,exchangeandcompeteonanequalfooting.Withoutequalandfaircompetition,therecanbenonormalmarketorder.Atpresent,thephenomenonthatgenuinegoodscannotcompetewithfakegoods,goodgoodscannotcompetewithinferiorgoods,superiorbutnotwinning,inferiorbutnotbeingeliminated,andtheabnormalphenomenonthatalargenumberoffamousandhigh-qualityproductsaresqueezedoutofthemarketiscausedbyunfaircompetition..Amongthem,the"rebate"phenomenoninthepurchaseandsaleofcommoditiesisthe"killertrick"usedbycounterfeitersandsellersinunfaircompetition.Counterfeitersusemoneytoclearthewayinsales.Therearemanynamesandmethods,suchasCashrebates,high-endgifts,tourism,housedecoration,prizes,etc.The“rebate”isparticularlythecasefordrugtransactions.Accordingtoreports,thecountry’sdrugsarecalculatedatonly1%rebate,andthecountryloses800millionyuaneachyear.Theproliferationof"rebates"hasmadesomesellerslosetheopportunitytoparticipateinfaircompetition.Secretly"rebates"haveflowedintopersonalpocketsinlargenumbers,breedingcorruption.24self-employedindividualsinBobaiCounty,Guangxi,havesoldtensofmillionsofdollarsworthofmedicinesinKunmingin5years,andgavegiftstopharmacydirectorsandpurchasersof19medicalunits.100,000yuan.Thedirectorofthepharmacydepartmentofonehospitalreceiveda"rebate"of53,933yuanfrom7unitsandwassentencedto10yearsafterbeingfoundout;aftertheincident,thedirectorofthepharmacyofanotherhospitalfound3000gramsofgoldfromhishomeandthesofacushionswerefullofbanknotes..High"rebates"areanimportantreasonforinducingpurchaserstopurchasecounterfeitandshoddygoods.
Thepromulgationofthe"Anti-UnfairCompetitionLaw"isapowerfulweapontocombatunfaircompetitioninbusinessactivities,andtheimplementationofthelawrequiresaprocess.Secretlyoff-bookrebatesarestillprevalentinmerchandisesales,andthereisnofaircompetitioninthemarketenvironment.“Rebates”arethecatalystandlubricantforthemarketingofcounterfeitandinferiorgoodstotheworld.
Tosumup,intheprocessoftransformingthetraditionalplannedeconomicsystemtothesocialistmarketeconomicsystem,itwillinevitablyleadtotheimbalanceandweakeningofthesupervisionandcontrolmechanismthathasbeenestablishedundertheplannedeconomicsystemandadapttothemarketeconomy.Theformationandfunctioningoftherequirednewsupervisionandcontrolmechanismrequiresalongertimeandprocess.Thedegreeofweakeningofthesocialsupervisionandrestrictionmechanismdeterminestheseverityofthebreedingandspreadofcounterfeitandshoddygoods.Thetwosystemscoexist,andthestalematesituationhasledtomanycontradictions,frictions,andloopholesineconomiclife.Therefore,counterfeitandinferiorcommoditieshavebeenrepeatedlybanned,whichisauniquesocialphenomenonintheearlydevelopmentprocessofthemarketeconomyandinthestateofsocialprofessionalethics.Manydevelopedcountriesandregionsintheworldhaveexperiencedthistovaryingdegreesduringthetransitionperiodofmodernization.Kindofsocialphenomenon.
Identificationmethod
1.Identifytheauthenticityofproducttrademarksandspecialsignssuchaspackaginganddecoration;
2.Identifythroughsensoryevaluationorothersimplemeans;
3.Inaccordancewithnationalstandards,testthephysicalandchemical,sanitaryandotherindicatorsofcommodities;
4.Usetheprofessionalexpertiseofthisdepartment,especiallytheaccumulatedexperienceinlong-termpractice,toidentifytheproductsproducedordistributedbythecompanyorindustry.
Identificationpoints
1.Lookfortrademarklogo
Trademarkisamarkofgoods.Counterfeitandshoddygoodsaregenerallyfakeandfamousgoods.Ourcountry'sfamousandhigh-qualityproductsallusetrademarksregisteredbytheStateAdministrationforIndustryandCommerce.Whenprinting,addamarkaroundthetrademark:\"registeredtrademark\",\"note\"or\"?\".Amongthem,\"?\"isinternational.Mostofthecounterfeitbrand-nameandhigh-qualitygoodsdonothavetrademarkmarksontheouterpackaging,orwordssuchas\"registeredtrademark\",\"note\",or\"?\".Theauthentictrademarkisprintedbyaregularmanufacturer.Thetrademarkisofgoodquality,beautifullyprinted,fineandelegant,withcleartextpatterns,brightcolors,pure,bright,andfinebronzing.Counterfeittrademarksareimitationsofgenuinetrademarks.Duetopoormachineryandequipmentandprintingtechnology,comparedwithgenuinetrademarks,thepaperqualityisoftenlower,theprintingisrough,thelines,patterns,andstrokesareblurred,thecolorregistrationisincorrect,theglossispoor,andthecolortoneisunclear.Thepatternandshapearenotcoordinated,thelayoutisunclean,andthereisnoanti-counterfeitingmark.
Registeredtrademarksshouldbeprintedbyregularprintinghousesmanagedbythespecialindustrytowhichthepublicsecuritydepartmentbelongs,andcounterfeittrademarksgenerallycomefromimproperchannels.Irregularprintingtechniquesinthesechannelswillcausealotofprintedtrademarkstoappear.Defectcharacteristics.Theauthenticityofthetrademarkcanbedeterminedbyinspectingwhethertherearethesedefectsandfeatures.
Thecharacteristicsoftheprintingdefectsofthecounterfeittrademarksare:
(l)Thecharacteristicsoftheinkdraftdefects:incorrectfont,thickstrokes,unevenspacing,unclearhandwriting,unsmoothpens,patternsThedetailsareomitted,orveryrough,thethicknessofthepatternisdifferent,theroundnessisnotsmooth,andtheedgesandcornersoftheedgearenotobvious.
(2)Characteristicsofplate-makingdefects:therearedefectsaroundtheprintingplate,notsmooth,therearedifferencesbetweentheplates,thehandwritingbecomesthick,thestrokesarenotclearlyconnected,andthethicknessisuneven.
(3)Characteristicsofprintingdefects:poorconnectionofmulti-colorpatterns,inconsistentlayoutsortoomanyortoofewoverlappingparts,overflowoftheedgecolorofthetrademark,andtheprintedplacesarenotprinted.
(4)Die-cuttingdefectcharacteristics:thereareuncutfibersoutsidethecuttingedge,thereisnocommonundulationbetweenthecuttingedgeandtheedgeofthetrademark,andthecuttingedgeisdefectiveandnotsmooth.
2.Checkproductlabeling
AccordingtoArticle15ofthe"ProductQualityLaw",thelabelontheproductoritspackagingshouldmeetthefollowingrequirements:
(l)Thereisaproductqualityinspectioncertificate;
(2)Theproductname,thenameofthemanufacturerandtheaddressofthefactoryindicatedinChinese;
(3)Accordingtothecharacteristicsanduserequirementsoftheproduct,itisnecessarytoindicatetheproductspecifications,grades,andlocations.Thenameandcontentofthemainingredientsshouldbemarked;
(4)Forproductsusedwithinalimitedperiod,theproductiondateandsafeuseperiodorexpirationdateshouldbemarked;
(5)ProductsthatarelikelytocausedamagetotheproductitselformayendangerthesafetyofpeopleandpropertyifimproperlyusedshouldhavewarningsignsorwarninginstructionsinChinese.
Thesignsofcounterfeitandinferiorgoodsaregenerallynotproducedbyregularenterprises,andtheouterpackagingsignsareincomplete,orusescribbles,orfakehigh-qualityawardmarkstodeceiveconsumers.
3.Inspecttheuniquemarkingsofcommodities
Somefamousandhigh-qualitycommoditiesalsohavespecialmarkingsintheirspecificparts,suchasflyingpigeons,phoenixes,.Forever,thethreemajordomesticbrand-namebicycleshavespecialmarksonthehandlebars,bells,saddles,farmframes,andrims.
Theproductnamesonthepackagesofsomefamouscigarettesandliquorsareprintedwithintaglioprinting,whichisconcaveandconvexwhentouchedbyhand,whilethenamesofcounterfeitproductshaveflatfontsonthepackageswithoutconvexityandconcavefeeling.
4.Checkthenameofthemanufacturerofthecommodity
Sometraditionalbrand-nameproductsarenamedaftertheplacename.Thereareoftenmanymanufacturersofthesameproduct,butonlyoneauthentictraditionalbrand-nameproduct,sothefactorynamemustbechecked.Suchasauthenticfamous\"DezhouBraisedChicken\",themanufacturerisChinaDezhouBraisedChickenCorporation,andtheregisteredtrademarkisDezhouBrand.Authenticandfamous\"JinhuaHam\",thereare\"ZhejiangFoodCompanymade\"and\"JinhuaHam\",andalthoughthereisthe\"JinhuaHam\"seal,themanufacturerisnot\"ZhejiangFoodCompany\",Mostlycounterfeitgoods.
5.Checktheproductpackaging
Thepackagingmaterialsofthefamousandhigh-qualityproductsareofgoodquality,thedecorationandprintingarestandardized,therearefixedcolorsandpatterns,theoverprintingisaccurate,thepatternsareclear,andtheimageislifelike.Fakeandshoddygoodsaregenerallypackagedinrough,fuzzypatterns,obsoletecolors,andpoorpackagingmaterials.Itcanbedistinguishedbycomparinggenuineandfakeproducts.
Mostofthepackagingandsealingoffamousandhigh-qualitygoodsaresealedwithadvancedmachinery,whichissmoothandclean,andthecontentsdonotleak.Asforcounterfeitandshoddygoods,whetheritispackagedgenuinepackagingorcounterfeitorrecycledpackaging,thesealingisoftenmanual,uneven,andoftenwrinkledorcracked.Ifyoucarefullycheckthesealingarea,mostoftheflawscanbefound.Forexample,ifthewinebottleisturnedupsidedown,thewinewilloftenflowout.Youcansmellitwithyournoseandyoucandetectthetasteofthewine.
Specialattentionshouldbepaidtoproductswithobvioussignsofunsealingonthepackagingandsealing.Itislikelytobe\"stealingthebeamandchangingthepost\".
Userecycledrealwinebottlestostorefakewine.Thewinebottlesoftenhavedirtandthesealisnotround.Thewinesinthesameboxhavedifferentfactorydatesandproductionbatchnumbers.
ManyfamousproductsarepackagedwithbarcodesuniformlycompiledbytheChinaArticleNumberingCenter,whichcanberecognizedbyacomputerafterbeingscannedbyalaserscanner.Counterfeitgoodsoftendonothavethismark,oruseblacklinearstripesofvaryingthicknessandnumberstodeceiveconsumers.Scanningwithalaserscanner,thereisnonormalresponseandthecomputercannotidentifyit.
6.Checkthetransparencyofliquidproducts
Exceptforyellowwineandmedicinalwine,whichallownormalbottlebottomaggregates,otherwinesareclearandtransparentatroomtemperature,withoutsuspendedmatter,andnoprecipitation.
Usingthenakedeyetoobservethewhitewinemixedwithwater,theliquoristurbidandopaque;thecolorofthebeermixedwithwaterisdull,opaqueandtransparent.
Emulsionpesticidesdonotdelaminateorprecipitateundernormalcircumstances.
7.Lookatthecoloroftheproduct
Forcropseedsandgrains,youcanseewhetherthecolorisfreshandshiny,andwhetherthegrainsizeisuniform.
Theshreddedtobaccoshouldbeoilyandshinyincolor,andthedampshreddedtobaccoshouldloseitslusterandbecomedark.
High-qualityrawmeatofpoultryandlivestockhasbrightandshinymuscleswithwhitefat;inferiorproductshavedarkanddullmuscleswithgrayandbrownfat.
8.Lookattheburningsituationoftheproduct
Aftertaking10gofpowderpesticideandignitingit,ifitemitswhitesmoke,itiseffective;ifitisveryflammableandemitsthickblacksmoke,itindicatesthatitisafakepesticide.
Afterthecigaretteisignited,itisnormalthatitcanspontaneouslyignitemorethan40mm,otherwiseitisdamp,orthequalityofthetobaccoispoor.
9.Lookatthemold,dampness,impurities,crystals,shape,andstructureoftheproduct.
Thesaleanduseofdrugsandfoodsthataremoldyshouldbeprohibited.Theappearanceofclumpsinpowderedcommodities(suchasflour,powderedmedicine,cement,etc.)indicatesfailureordeteriorationduetodampness.
10.Feeling
Handsholdingfullanddryseedsofgrainsandcropsshouldfeelsmoothagainstthehand.Wheninsertedintotheseedpile(bag),theresistanceissmallandfeelscold;ifthehandfeelssoft,theresistanceislargewheninserting.,Thegrainisnotfullandthewatercontentislarge.
Wheninspectingcigarettes,youcansqueezeitwithyourhands.Thebrand-namecigaretteswillfeelhardwhenyousqueezeitfromtheoutside.Thecounterfeitcigarettesareoftenmiscellaneouscigaretteswrappedinsoftpaper,andthepaperwillfeelsoftwhenyousqueezeit..Whencheckingthecigarette,youcanpinchitwithyourhands.Itisnormaltofeelthattheshreddedtobaccoiselastic;itisdampifitfeelsweakandeasytobend,anditisdryifitisbrittle.
11.Senseofhearing
Cannedfoodthathasmissedorfatteningcan’tbeeaten.ThelidoftheFatTingcanisraised,andyoucanheartheemptydrumsoundbytappingitwithyourhand.Itisnormaltohearaslightrustlingwhenrubbingacigarettewithyourhand;ifitissoftandsilent,itmeansthatthecigaretteisdamp,andtherustlingistoodry.
12.Smell
Allfoodsandmedicineswithmusty,rancid,orpeculiarsmellinthenose,andtinplatecanswithmetallictaste,shouldnotbeeatenortakenanymore.
13.Taste
Famousbrandcigaretteshaveamellowsmellandacomfortabletasteafterinhalation;inferiorcigaretteshavebitter,spicy,musty,earthysmellandheavyodors.Famouswineshaveoutstandingaroma,full-bodiedandfull-bodied,withalongaftertaste,andmostofthemcanleavethefragranceinanemptyglass.Whentastingthewhitewinemixedwithwater,thetasteisfaint,andthetailtasteisbitter.Whentastingthebeermixedwithwater,thetasteisfragrant,thetasteisweak,thehoparomaisnotfelt,andthetasteisnotpure.
14.Checkcommoditysupplychannels
Thestatestipulatesthatsomecommoditiescanonlybedistributedbyspecificdepartments.AsstipulatedbytheStateCouncil:alllevelsofagriculturalmaterialcompaniesarethemainchannelsoffertilizercirculation,agriculturalplantprotectionstations,soilfertilizerstations,agriculturaltechnologyextensionstations("threestations")andfertilizerproductioncompaniessellthemselvesasauxiliarychannelsforfertilizercirculation,andanyotherunitNooneisallowedtooperatechemicalfertilizers.
Thedistributionofcropseedsmusthave\"threecertificatesandonelicense\".\"ThreeCertificates\"aretheinspectioncertificateforseedquality,theseedbusinesslicense,theimportedseedquarantinecertificate,andthebusinesslicenseofthedistributor.
Thedistributionofsaltandcigarettesrequiresamonopolylicense.
15.Checkthecommoditycertificationmark
ThecommodityinspectionsafetymarkonthebackcoverofthecounterfeitimportedcolorTVcanalsobeindistinctincolorandfont,butthesizeisslightlysmallerandthereisnoanti-counterfeitingsecretmark.ZhenchengMarkA-typeruler
Theinchis3.5×5cm,whichisusedforleathershoesandsmallleathergoods;theB-typesizeis7cm×5cm,whichisusedforleatherclothesandlargeleathergoods(tools),andisinthestandardversionTherearesixsecuritymeasuresonthefrontandback,whichprovideastrongtechnicalbasisforidentifyingtheauthenticity.
Countermeasures
Inrecentyears,duetotheproliferationofcounterfeitandshoddygoods,theuseofanti-counterfeitingtechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglyprominentinidentifyingandpreventingcounterfeitandshoddygoods.Printinganti-counterfeitingmarksontheirproductshasbecomeafamousbrandmanufacturerandmanufacturer.Aneffectivemeasureusedbyfamousandhigh-qualityproductcompaniestoprotectthemselves.Therearehundredsofproductswithanti-counterfeitingmarksontheChinesemarket,suchasXiafeicosmetics,RedStarErguotouwine,andfloppydisksproducedby3Mforcomputeruse.
Anti-counterfeitinglabelclassification
1.ReactiveSKtemperature-controlledanti-counterfeitingmark:Aslongasthetrademarkisslightlywarmed,theanti-counterfeitingcolorwillbeimmediatelyreturned,showingtheproductionmarkoftheanti-counterfeitingmanufacturer;aftercoolingdown,theanti-counterfeitingcolorwillbequicklyrestoredandtheanti-counterfeitingmarkwillbecoveredagain.
2.Fluorescentanti-counterfeitingmark:illuminatedbyaspecialanti-counterfeitingfluorescentlamp,themarkprintedwithanti-counterfeitingfluorescentinkwillbebright,showingbrightred,orange,yellow-greenorgreenfluorescence,withhighfluorescenceintensityandgoodprintingadaptability.
3.Invisibletechnologyanti-counterfeitingmark:Accordingtotheprincipleofholographicanti-counterfeitingmark,thetopsurfaceofthemetalbottlecapisusedtodirectlyproduceaconcealedreal-shapeflashinganddiscoloringanti-counterfeitingmark.Thiskindofmarkcanreflectaspecificpatternorcharactershapewhenilluminatedbysunlightoraspotlight.
4.Laserholographicanti-counterfeitingmark:Accordingtotheprincipleoflaserinterference,patternsorcharactersarephotographedfromdifferentlevelsandangles,andthensuperimposedandprocessedtoproduceeffectsofdifferentcolors.Thiskindofanti-counterfeitingmarkhashightechnicalcontentandisnoteasytoimitate,soitshouldbepromotedandpromoted.
5.Photosensitiveandtemperature-sensitivedualanti-counterfeitingmark:adualanti-counterfeitingmarkcomposedofabaselayerandacoatinglayercontainingphotosensitiveandtemperature-sensitivecoatings.Thecoloroftheselectedphotosensitivepaintwillchangerapidlyfromlighttodarkwithin2-6sundernaturallightultravioletrays,andareversiblereactionoccurs;whenthetemperature-sensitivepaintistouchedwithafingeratroomtemperaturefor5-10s,thecolorwillrapidlychangefromdarktolightandreversiblereactionoccurs..Whenusingit,consumersonlyneedtolightlypresstheanti-counterfeitingmarkontheproductwiththeirfingers,andthecolorcanbechangedafter5seconds.
Twoforeigncommodityanti-counterfeitingmarks
1.Reverseanti-counterfeitinglabelof3MCompanyintheUnitedStates:3MCompany'soriginalproductsareallattachedwithwatermarkreflectivelabels.Theidentificationmethodis:holdtheflashlightbetweentheeyesandparalleltotheeyes,thelightsourceshinesonthelabel,theeyesightfollowsthelightsource,thelabelwillreflecttheshining3Mwatermark,theauthenticityisdivided,anditcannotbeforged.
2.The\"shapememory\"anti-counterfeitingmarkonJapan'sMitsubishiHeavyIndustriesairconditioner:useahairdryer(hairdryer)topastethe\"MitsubishiHeavyIndustriesanti-counterfeitingtrademark\"ontheindoor/outdoorunitof\"MitsubishiHeavyIndustriesAirConditioner\""Blowinghotairfor10-15s,afterthetrademarkbecomessoft,pressitwithyourfingerstodeformitandwaitforittocoolandharden,andblowhotairtothedeformedtrademarkagain\"MitsubishiHeavyIndustriesAnti-counterfeitTrademark\"torestoreitsoriginalappearance.Thismethodcalledshapememoryfunctionidentificationcanberepeated.
Inordertograduallystandardizeanti-counterfeitingtechnologyproducts,theStateBureauofQualityandTechnicalSupervisionissuedsixnationalstandardsforanti-counterfeitingtechnologyproductsin1997.The"RenminbiCounterfeitBanknoteDiscriminator"hasbeenimplementedasamandatorynationalstandardonJuly1,1998."Generaltechnicalrequirementsforanti-counterfeitingholographicproducts","Securityandanti-counterfeitingpart1:Securitiesandpaperfordocuments","Anti-counterfeitinginksPart1:Technicalconditionsforultravioletexcitedfluorescentinks(offsetandletterpressprinting)","Managementnormsfortheproductionofanti-counterfeitingprintedproducts"Fiveanti-counterfeitingstandards,including"Anti-counterfeitingTechnicalTerms",wereimplementedasrecommendednationalstandardsonMay1,1998.
The"GeneralTechnicalRequirementsforAnti-counterfeitingHolographicProducts"stipulatestheclassification,anti-counterfeitingstrength,producttechnicalrequirementsandsafetymeasuresofanti-counterfeitingholographictechnology;safetyanti-counterfeitingpaperstandardsaremainlyusedforprintingsecurities,checks,stocksandcertificatepapers;Theanti-counterfeitinginkstandardstipulatesthetechnicalrequirementsofultravioletexcitedfluorescentink.
Theimplementationofaseriesofanti-counterfeitingstandardsisveryconducivetorestrainingthesocialcirculationoffakeRMBandcounterfeitsecurities,protectingtheinterestsofthepeople,andstabilizingfinancialorder;fiverecommendedanti-counterfeitingstandardsprovidetechnologyforregulatingthedevelopmentoftheanti-counterfeitingindustryFoundationandguarantee.
Asweallknow,anylow-techorsingleanti-counterfeitingtechnologyandproductisdifficulttoeffectivelyplayananti-counterfeitingrole.Thehigherthelevelofmanufacturinganti-counterfeitingproducts,themoredifficultandmorecomplexthetechnology,thegreaterthedifficultyofcounterfeiting,therefore,thebettertheeffectofanti-counterfeiting.Basedonthisreality,manyanti-counterfeitingproductmanufacturerscontinuetoimprove,perfect,andupdatetheirowntechnologiesandproducts,andhavedevelopedlaserholography,one-timeuse,invisibleencryption,multi-colorreorganization,micro-secret,dynamicrotation,orthogonalimaging,Aproductwithavarietyofanti-counterfeitingtechnologiessuchasultravioletfluorescenceandcolor-changingink,therebyenhancingtheanti-counterfeitingfunctionoftheproduct.
Trademarkidentification
Payattentiontoidentifyingcounterfeitgoodsfromtrademarksigns.Animportantfeatureofcounterfeitgoodsisthattheyimitatethetrademarklogosofbrand-namegoodsorengageinsimilartrademarks.Aslongasyouhavealittleknowledgeabouttrademarks,counterfeitgoodsarenotdifficulttoidentify.TaketheShanghaiYongjiubrandbicycleasanexample.Similartrademarksinclude"Qijiu","Yongfei","Yongle","Yongguang",and"Yongmei".Thepatternstructureissimilartoapermanenttrademark,butitcanberecognizedbyacloserlook.Thereisalsotheillegalmanufactureofgenuinebrand-namecommoditylogosorillegalarbitragepurchasesanddiscardedsub-brandlogos.Itisnotdifficulttodistinguishbetweenthissituation.ThemetaltrademarklogoonthefronttubeoftheZhenjiubrandcarhasthickmaterials,strongthree-dimensionalappearance,pureanduniformpaintcolor,andenamelluster.Forgedtrademarks,disusedtrademarksandsimilartrademarksdonothavetheabovecharacteristics,carefullydistinguishYoucanfindtheauthenticity.Ofcourse,peopleorunitsthatengageincounterfeitgoodsalsotrytogettrademarkmarksfromfamousbrandmanufacturersthroughimpropermeans.Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutthissituation,becauseonesuchsituationisaminorityafterall,andtheotheristhatevenifthissituationisreallyencountered,itcanbeidentifiedincombinationwiththemethodsdiscussedbelow.
Payattentiontoidentifyingcounterfeitgoodsfromtheappearancequalityofthegoods.Generally,counterfeitgoodsareoftenshoddy,craftsmanshipisnotgood,andproductqualityisinferior.Therefore,themethodofcounterfeitingbrand-nameproductswasadoptedtogainsales.Graspingthisfeature,ifitisimpossibletoidentifycounterfeitgoodsonthetrademarklogo,itcanbedistinguishedfromtheappearancequalityofthegoods.Takingthepermanentbicycleasanexample,thejointweldingscarsoftherealpermanentbicyclepipesaregenerallysmoothandflat,whilethejointsofcounterfeitbicyclesareoftenroughanduneven,withobviousweldingscars.Inaddition,differencescanalsobefoundinthequalityofthepaintandelectroplatingofthebicycleitself.Takingcigarettesasanexampleagain,fromthequalitypointofview,thegeneralcharacteristicsofcounterfeitcigarettesare:theuseofordinarywhitepaperastrademarkpaper,whichhasnoluster,roughprintinglayout,inaccuratecolorregistration,unevencolordepth,andevenoverlap.Someareprintedoncoloredwaxpaper,whichisquitedifferentfromthebrandpaperofbrand-namecigarettes.TinPopaperusesdullanddullgeneraltinpaper.Thethicknessofcigarettesisuneven,andthestampisblurred.Accordingtotheabove-mentionedcharacteristicsofcounterfeitcigarettesingeneral,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishthemfromgenuinebrand-namecigaretteswhenpurchasing,especiallyforpeoplewhosmokefrequently.
Attentionshouldbepaidtoidentifyingcounterfeitgoodsfromtheuniquemarksofsomegoods.TaketheForeverbrandbicycleagainasanexample.Thehandlebarsandrimsofrealpermanentcarshave"permanent"stampedmarks,whilecounterfeitcarsgenerallydon't.ThefactorystampednumberisorganicallystampedattherearjointoftheZhenYongjiubrand28frame,andthenumberisneatlyarranged,thefontsizeisuniform,anditisparticular.Therearjointsofcounterfeitvehiclesgenerallydonothaveastampednumber.Someofthemarenotneatlyarranged,andthespecificationsandintervalsarenotneatly.Otherbrandsofbicyclesalsohavetheirownspecialmarks.Aslongasyoupayattentiontoobservation,itisnotdifficulttodistinguish.
Inadditiontotheabovethreepoints,youshouldalsopayattentiontotheselleroftheproduct.Generally,brand-nameproductsareinshortsupplyunderthenationalplanandcannotbesoldinlargequantitiestoprivateindividuals,letalonesoldbelowthemarketprice.Therefore,consumersshouldpayattentiontoidentificationwhentheyencountervendorssellingbrand-namegoodsatstations,docks,orbazaarstoavoidbeingfooled.Inaddition,somedistributioncompanies,especiallysometradingcompanies,oftenusefakeproductstosellproductstoconsumersduetotheirmisconduct.Consumersshouldalsopayattentiontoidentification.
Disposalofcounterfeitandinferiorgoodsdealers
Severesanctionsshallbeimposedonthedealersofcounterfeitandinferiorgoodsinaccordancewithrelevantnationallawsandregulations,andsevereeconomicpenaltiestopreventthemfromengaginginSuchillegalactivities.Thosewhocausepersonalinjuryordeath,majorpropertylosses,seriouscircumstances,orviolationsofthecriminallawshallbetransferredtothejudicialdepartmentforcriminalresponsibilityinaccordancewiththelaw.
Howtodealwith
WhatshouldIdoifIpurchaseaproductofpoorquality?
First,youshouldbringthegoodsandrelevantbillstothestoretonegotiateandexplainthesituation.Generallyspeaking,ifyoubuythegoodsforashortperiodoftime,thestorewillrepair,exchange,orrefundinaccordancewiththerelevantstateregulations.Duringthenegotiation,ifthesalespersonatthecountercannothandlethematterproperly,youcanreportittothepersoninchargeofthestore.Ifthepersoninchargeofthestorecannothandleitcorrectly,youcanalsocontactthesuperiordepartmentinchargeofthestore.Accordingtoexperience,generalproblemscanbesolvedreasonablyafterdoingso.
Ifthenegotiationwiththestoreisinvalid,itisuselesstoreporttoitssuperiorauthority.Consumerscanthenreporttothetechnicalsupervisiondepartmentandtheindustrialandcommercialadministrationdepartment,whicharespecificallyresponsibleforthesupervisionandmanagementofproductquality.Theywillhelpyousolvetheproblemasquicklyaspossible.Ifyoufinditinconvenienttoreporttothegovernmentdepartment,youcanalsoreportitdirectlytotheconsumerassociation.Consumerassociationsareconsumers'ownorganizations.Itistheirdutytoconductsocialsupervisionofgoodsandservices,protectconsumers'interests,guidemassconsumption,andpromotethedevelopmentofthesocialistcommodityeconomy.Youfileacomplaintwiththeconsumerassociation,andtheconsumerassociationwillbeobligedtohelpyousolvethedamagedproblem.
Ifconsumersfeelthatthedamagetheyhavesufferedissignificant,theycanalsodirectlysuethepeople’scourttosolvetheproblemthroughlegalprocedures.
WhatshouldIdoifIpurchasecounterfeitgoods?
Inthiscase,don’tworry,youcanbringcounterfeitgoodsandrelatedbillstotheStateTechnicalSupervisionDepartmentortheAdministrationforIndustryandCommercetoreport,andaskthemtoinvestigateanddealwithittohelpyourecoverthelostpayment.Ifyoususpectthatyouhavepurchasedacounterfeitproduct,youmustfirstasktherelevantexpertsfromtheabovetwodepartmentsorthegenuineproductmanufacturertohelpyouidentifyit,andthendealwithitafterconfirmingthatitisacounterfeitproduct.Ifaconsumerassociationhasbeenestablishedinthelocalarea,consumerscanalsodirectlyreporttotheconsumerassociationandaskthemtohelpidentifyandinvestigate,sothattheproductionandsaleofcounterfeitgoodscanbestoppedinatimelymanner.Inshort,ifconsumersfindthattheyhavepurchasedcounterfeitgoods,theymustnotadmitthattheyareunlucky,andreporttotherelevantdepartmentsintime,sothatthecounterfeitgoodswillnothaveafoothold,whichnotonlyprotectstheinterestsofconsumers,butalsosafeguardsthenormalsociety.Economicorder.
Litigationprocedures
Howtodeterminethelitigantsindisputesarisingfromproductquality?
Purchaseandsalecontractdisputesduetoqualityissuesaredividedintoproductqualitydebtsinthecontractsystemandspecialproductliabilitytortdebtsbasedontheoccurrenceofdebts.Theformerisbasedonthecontractuallegalrelationshipbetweenthepartiestodeterminethepartiestothecase,whilethelatterisaspecialtortliability.Article122oftheGeneralPrinciplesofCivilLawstipulatesthattheproductmanufacturerandsellershallbearcivilliabilityinaccordancewiththelawiftheproductqualityisunqualifiedandcausedamagetothepropertyorpersonalinjuryofothers.Itisestablishedtoprotecttheinterestsofconsumers.ThepropertydamagereferstoThedamagetootherpropertyofconsumerscausedbydefectiveproductsdoesnotrefertothedefectiveproductsthemselves.Regardlessofwhetherthevictimhasacontractualrelationshipwiththeproducer,thevictimcanfilealawsuitforinfringement.Theproducerorsellerisaqualifieddefendant.Ifaneconomicdisputeoccursonlyforthequalitydefectoftheproductitself,itisstilladebtofthegeneralcontract,andthecourtcanonlydeterminethelitigantpartiesbasedonthelegalrelationshipofthecontract.WithreferencetoArticle122oftheContractLaw,intheeventthattheliabilityforbreachofcontractandtheliabilityfortortcoincide,theaggrievedpartyhastherighttochoosetorequireittobeartheliabilityforbreachofcontractinaccordancewiththeContractLawortorequireittobearthetortliabilityinaccordancewithotherlaws.
PolicySupervision
OnMay27,2020,theNationalLeadingGroupforCombatingIntellectualPropertyRightsandManufacturingandSellingCounterfeitandShoddyProductsissuedthe“2020NationalCombatingIntellectualPropertyRightsInfringementandManufacturingandSellingCounterfeitTheEssentialsofCounterfeitandSubstandardCommodities(hereinafterreferredtoas“essentials”)requirethatXiJinping’sthoughtsonsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsinthenewerabeusedasguidance,implementthedecisionsanddeploymentsofthePartyCentralCommitteeandtheStateCouncil,andadheretotherequirementsofthe“OpinionsonStrengtheningtheProtectionofIntellectualPropertyRights”andadheretotheruleoflaw,Theprinciplesofintegrationofconstructionandconstruction,overallcoordination,andsocialgovernance,promotecross-departmental,cross-field,andcross-regionallawenforcementlinkages,severelycrackdownoninfringementandcounterfeiting,andcriminalactivitiesinaccordancewiththelaw,andpromotetheoptimizationofmarket-oriented,legalized,andinternationalizedbusinessenvironment.
The"KeyPoints"madearrangementsforthenationwidefightagainstinfringementandcounterfeitingin2020,involving7aspectsand35tasks.Thefirstistodeepengovernanceinkeyareasandproductsupervision.StrengthenthecontrolofinfringementandcounterfeitingintheInternet,ruralandurban-ruralfringemarkets,importandexportlinks,strengthentheprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsofforeign-investedenterprises,andstrengthenthesupervisionofkeymarkets,keyproducts,anddeliverylinks.Thesecondistostrengthentheprotectionofintellectualpropertyrights.Strengthentheprotectionoftrademarkexclusiverightsandothercommerciallogorights,strengthenadministrativerulingsonpatentdisputesandcrackdownonpatentcounterfeiting,tightencopyrightandgeographicalindicationprotection,strengthentheprotectionofnewplantvarietiesandthesupervisionoftheforestandgrassseedlingmarket,andcontinuetopromotegenuinesoftwareToimprovetheharmlessdestruction,investigateanddealwithtax-relatedcasesofinfringementandcounterfeiting.Thethirdistoseverelypunishinfringementandcounterfeitingcrimes.Increasecriminalcrackdowns,fullyperformprocuratorialfunctions,in-depthadvancejudicialprotection,andstrengthentrialworkinkeyindustriesandkeyareasofinfringementandcounterfeitinginaccordancewiththelaw.Fourthistopromotetheconstructionoflawsandregulations.Promotetheimprovementoflawsandregulations,advancetheestablishmentofacreditsystem,advancetheintegrationofthetwolaws,improvetheassessmentandevaluationmechanism,andpromoteregionalcooperationandlinkage.Fifth,buildapatternofsocialco-governance.Increaseinformationdisclosure,strengthentheresponsibilitiesofmarketentities,givefullplaytotheroleofindustryorganizations,optimizecorporateintellectualpropertyservices,continuetostrengthenrightsprotectionassistance,andcontinuetocarryouteducationandguidance.Thesixthistodeepenforeignexchangesandcooperation.Intensifymultilateralandbilateralexchangesandcooperation,vigorouslystrengthencross-borderlawenforcementcooperation,andsupportenterprisestocarryoutoverseasrightsprotection.Theseventhistopromotebusinesscapacitybuilding.Improveprofessionalstandards,useinformationtechnology,andstrengthensystematicpublicity.