Christian split

schism

1054 years of Christianity for the first time Great Schism, divided after the Roman Catholic (Roman Catholic) and Greek Orthodox (Orthodox), the subsequent division of the Second Great separation of the Protestant (Christian narrowly) from Catholicism (Roman Catholic) in.

reasons split

to move the capital of the Byzantine

AD 332, the Roman emperor Constantine I moved the capital to Byzantium, renamed King disabilities Constantinople, which quietly foreshadowed the East-West Schism of. Such behavior makes things slowly drifted away from the church and had a gap.

to expand the rights of the bishops

In 381 AD, the emperor to consolidate their dominance of the Ecumenical Council convened the meeting to enhance Constantine right bishops of Constantinople and also to enhance the archdiocese, second only to Rome. 451 years of ecumenical council of bishops once again expanded the rights.

Telao La Conference

621 years Telao La (TNTRYLLI) local meeting, warned the West if the bishops do not obey church discipline is dismissed excommunication. The meeting in Rome Article 55 ── people Saturday in Lent fasting is the contrary to the Church's tradition, such as the waste by the priest for this purpose, if the bishop is expelled by their religion; the Pope so when fasting also dismissed by their religion. The Pope is not signed off, and the emperor sent troops to interference.

separation recency

iconoclasm and persecution

7th century AD, the proprietor of gradual separation from the West, they creed of the church, emotional salute conservative attitude towards new activities skeptical. 726, Eastern Roman Emperor Leo III was seriously influence of Islam, the halls of icons, crosses all destroyed, so that the Church in the East caused the chaos and persecution. The Patriarch Saint Germain abolished, when Pope Gregory II punish the emperor. Leo III retaliation, sent the Pope alive Arrows team.

Leo III's death, the heirs still comply with this order. Until 1780, the Queen Irina throne, willing to resume salute to the statue, the church is willing to unify East and West, so he got was Patriarch 圣特拉乌斯 support, and with the consent of Pope Hadrian I , in 787 years, held the seventh time, the second Ecumenical Council of Nicaea.

Conference restate the true meaning of the icons salute, salute the church is not the icon itself, but to salute God or angel icon represents, or the Virgin, the saints.

Buddha hope to split

847-year reign of Constantine Patriarch ina Jazz, although the ethical aspects of knowledge as well as extraordinary, but because of the their integrity caused by a Byzantine emperor's anger, he was deposed by. Buddha was asked to lie in hope of his office, has served as the Buddha to the Greek government positions, knowledge is not all, but only by lawful term of the faithful in a short time but was awarded the rank of all holy, so asking for the moon together ina Jazz waste or not is doubtful, it caused a wave of discontent.

863 years old at this time of the Roman Pontiff Nick I also took action. Now the sound of Jazz Mingyi Na illegally deposed and expelled from the Buddha taught membership to the Greek. Buddha also hope to start a counterattack, he attacked the Western church modifier content Creed, even without meeting in Constantinople in 867 years, expelled from teaching religious membership. This is the eternal wonders ── Patriarch expelled from the pope.

Tensions between the two sides intensified, only to support the emperor was assassinated hope to Buddha, the murderer himself king, I was a little Brazil, he will overthrow the former all measures, including waste by Iraq Ignatius with Buddha hope to be improved. I died the same year old Nick Pope, the successor of the good Iliad II (867 --872 years) Eighth Ecumenical Council held in Constantinople, what church unity, while the Eastern Church also admitted that the chief position in Rome.

Although the Buddha hope to split only lasted a few years, but it planted the seeds of the future Great Schism of proximate cause. Past chief papal status is undeniable. After this incident, but people began to question the chief position of the Pope, and even accused of tampering with the teachings of the Pope.

officially split

Boym ear splitting

The Buddha of the Great Schism in Greece to 160-division after in about implementation. The split from the Patriarchate in Constantinople Boym ear to Sai Lu ambitions. He was determined to do the East pope, to do an irreparable split deliberate.

AD 1053, he put the East Latin rite church fully closed, and sent a letter to Rome, avery thing - he asked Pope tamper with the contents of the Bible and doctrine. Western Church added mass unleavened bread is from the Jews, is heresy. Sabbath keep Lent, Catholics allowed to eat meat is not bleeding. Four Xunri not sing hallelujah and so on. Some look propriety compliance Although this is an irrelevant Daya only, but Byzantine Catholics are incredibly seriously.

Pope parties of Pope Leo IX (1049 --1054 years) in order not to split renewed, sent a coordination group headed by cardinals to Constantinople, but Cardinal irascible, the entire event is the lack of diplomacy into another downturn.

And just by ear Boym forward to this event again criticized the Latin Church, he encouraged Catholics opposed to the Latin Church. Boym ear face this attitude, thanks to Henry and his companions on July 14, 1054 to enter the Hagia Sophia, to protest Boym ear this stubborn attitude, the judge dismissed the excommunication of the book into the festival stage, to be out of the church, thanks to Henry and loud stomping on my main wish when it comes to ── Pro Kam, judge my generation!

Boym ear refused to yield, publicly burned the papal edict sent. In order to get sympathy other bishops, cardinals will be exaggerated misunderstanding and propaganda group to provoke them. More pretensions to being the only representative of the Church of Christ orthodox. So all the East will immediately he left. This time, Greece is being taught to teach different Russian missionary, she also inadvertently involved in a schism in the group.

Pope and Patriarch of Constantinople expelled each other's excommunication, marking the formal split Christianity into Roman Catholic (Catholic) and Greek Orthodox (Orthodox).

Reformation

Reformation

This is the second time the Great Schism of Christianity, followed by the Protestant split from the Church of Rome an Anglican, Reformed and Lutheran these three tribes.

cause of reform

humanism impact

1453 demise of the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Turkey, fled to Western Europe brought scholars a lot of classical. Renaissance also with the Eastern Roman scholars fled from. And with the development of the Renaissance, humanism became the new ideas in Europe, people began to doubt the value of the medieval God-centered life, and began to seriously consider new ideas to human-centered. It was in this new ideas, Christian life also slowly been public skepticism.

affect industrial and commercial renaissance

medieval Europe roughly divided into upper classes clergy, the nobility as well as knights, serfs and under with commoners and other classes. With the revival of world trade and industry in Europe to create a new class ── middle class, mostly composed by the civilian merchant middle class developed a sound business organizations such as guilds, banks, etc., and then also from the original transfer to the religious right led by the monarch and the middle class.

But the people's livelihood problem has cropped up, like the wealth gap and class antagonisms, and so on. People pay taxes to the government in addition, the sacraments of the church, ritual, and so will all have to pay. Plus interest-bearing loan against the Holy See is also detrimental to the development of industry and commerce, so that the life of the people of the church Yuannu up more and more.

reform recency

corruption Church

The main medieval heart of the people is to rely on religion, for external Church ceremony compliance very seriously. With the development of industry and commerce, the church also sitting on huge Waqf, so rich so lax morals of the clergy, church scandals occurred. Many of the higher-order clergy positions are based on money rather than morality in return, some priests and even the Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer are not clear.

Sometimes the church in order to alleviate the financial burden of flagrant sin-volume trafficking and crime have claimed to have bought foreclosure, did not buy hell. Some higher-order clergy even involved in a sex scandal, in which Pope Alexander VI and his private life on October 30, 1501, chaired chestnut feast can be regarded as representative event of the scandal.

People increasingly elevated requirements of the church, but the church can not but a complete, forcing people to turn to other mystery religions to appease their minds.

growth and decline of monarchical and religious right

In the Middle Ages, when Pope right to the hearts of the people is far higher than the king. Church for their own interests and continuous political interference, it also raised a lot of the Emperor and the Pope conflicts, such as the Holy Roman Empire Frederick III deposed the pope, and even sent troops to Rome. King Henry VIII as well as directly from the Holy See is a very good example.

to the budding Renaissance, nationalism is not to make people respect the Pope, but the king as the big. Pope's forces also slowly weakened.

officially split

Martin Luther and ninety-five Gang On

Martin Luther Reformation is a pioneer, he was born in Prussia in 1483, from the University of unintentional start reading the Bible and found the church was a considerable discrepancy. Because once faced unexpected death and the mood began to think about the truth of life, followed by inspirational cultivators. But even if Luther became a priest, the hearts are still not safe until 1513 when teaching the Bible suddenly realized the truth of justification by faith, not on theory thought good deeds heaven at that time.

1517 he revealed 95 classes on the Vuitton Paul Church, oppose the sale of atonement volume. Such academic discussion but was accused of the Holy See. 1520 Luther as a heretic by Pope set, burning books and ordered their expulsion Lutheran membership. Luther does not yield, also burned the papal edict. Later the Holy See advocated non-biblical interpretation, the people themselves are encouraged to read the Bible, and the Bible translated into German. And should not intervene between man and God in a priest, shall establish a personal relationship is communication with God. I believe church and state should be separate.

Calvin Reformed

Calvin was born in France, at the age of 12 to find a job for his father priest. 1533 Calvin also suddenly realize Reformed Bible was correct sectarian influence in Paris is great, but many opponents, so when Calvin fled also resigned from the post of Father and the Holy See sever relations. In 1536 he wrote the Christian Religion, advocate not borrow from the traditional church deterioration to reach God, but the Bible but in mind. People can not get justice on their own to do good only God can accomplish everything.

where the claim is not opposed to interest-bearing loans, as well as pre-selection theory of God, the idea of ​​the broad masses of the former middle class recognition and support, and the latter content ── people not born saved or not have been doomed, life it is to prove that he is being saved voters.

Henry VIII from

Henry VIII had also stood on this side of the Holy See, the Pope has won more and give the title of champion of faith ── I can not see how he will reform. To the national interest, Henry married Princess Caitlin Spanish royal family, but the wife had no longer give birth to inherit Wang industry, with Henry fell in love with a lady palace Pauline, Henry thus the rise of the idea of ​​repudiation.

For this reason, the Pope approved his request, but was rejected because it was Caitlin's nephew, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V was to attack the Vatican, and victory. Henry VIII so furious and decided to regard this as Britain's internal affairs to deal with, but not supported by the domestic priest.

1531, Henry forced the priest not to the pope declared allegiance to, and to force them to recognize him as head of state Church of England, next year and forced Congress legislation passed a bill: not after the King agreed, not to the Holy See tribute. At this point, Henry VIII's completely out of the control of Rome.