Definition
Capital Organic: refers to the decision of the technical composition of capital and reflects the capital value of the technology constitutes a change.
Principles
In order to in depth, the impact of capital accumulation on capitalist development, Marx creatively proposes capital organic composition. The composition of capital can be investigated from two aspects of material form and value form. From the form of material, the capital consists of a certain amount of production materials and labor, and the proportion of the two is determined by the technical level of production. This proportion of production materials and labor between production technologies and labor is called capital.
On the other hand, from value form, capital is called capital's value between the proportion of a certain number of unchanged capital and variable capital, unchanged capital, and variable capital. There is an intrinsic organic connection between the technical constitution and value of the capital, in general, the change in capital technologies can cause changes in value, and the change in capital value is substantially reflecting the changes in technology. Marx's value constitutes the value of this capital technology to decide and reflects the change of capital technology constituting changes, called capital, usually represented by C: V. With the development of capitalism, the capital organic is constantly increasing, and the specific gravity of all capital is increasing, and the specific gravity of variable capital is reduced.
Principle Connotation
Capital constitution can be investigated from two aspects of material form and value form. The capital composition is characterized by the number of production data in the production process and the proportional relationship of the number of labor for the production materials, called capital technology. From the perspective of value form, capital makeup is characterized by the value of the value of the production data and the value of the labor force, the ratio relationship between the number of capital and variable capital, called capital value. Capital technology constitution and capital value composition have close contact. The latter is determined by the former, the change of capital value, generally reflects the change in capital technology. Marx is constituted by the capital value of capital techniques and reflects the change in technology constituting changes, called organic compositions of capital. The organic composition of the capital is represented by formulas. For example, an industrial capital home is put into steel production of 10 million yuan, including the non-change capital of steelmaking furnace, machine, plant, etc., which is 9 million yuan, which is used to employ a variable capital in terms of labor. Capital organism achievements are 9: 1.
Details
The main theory
The high and low of capital technology has determined the high and low of capital organic composition, so in different development stages of a country, Production sector, different enterprises, or different countries, due to the difference in capital technologies associated with the production technology level, the high and low of capital organic composition is different. However, the capital organic constitutions usually inspected are generally referring to the capital average organic composition of a production sector, or means a average organic composition of a country's social capital. The average organic composition of various enterprises in a production department is the average organic composition of the total capital of the production sector; the average organic composition of capital organic composition in various production sectors in a country is the average organic composition of the social capital of the country.
Capital organisms in a country or a production department cannot be long-term, but the continuous improvement trend. Because the capitalist preserves their own profits and preserves themselves in a fierce competition, they must strive to improve production technology, and use new production equipment to improve labor productivity. The improvement of labor productivity means that each worker has increased in a certain amount of time, meaning the increase in capital technology. The improvement of capital technology is reflected in the constitution of capital value. The constant capital part is relatively increased, and the proportion of the variable capital part is relatively reduced, resulting in a gradual improvement of capital of society or departmental capital. At the same time, capital accumulation, capital accumulation and capital concentration development, in order to adopt advanced technologies, use new type of production equipment to create conditions, and the increase in the improvement of capital organic components. Therefore, the gradual improvement of capital average organic composition is not only the result of chasing more profit in the competition, and is an inevitable consequence of capital accumulation.
The gradual improvement of capital organic composition does not exclude the growth of total capital, the absolute amount of variable capital continues to increase, but in total capital, the proportion of variable capital is Relatively gradually decrease. Therefore, under the conditions of the increase in capital organic composition, with the growth of capital growth, the partially increasing capital of all capital is gradually decreasing, and the variable capital is gradually decreasing, so that the demand for labor for labor is also relatively reduced. The result will inevitably form the relative population of the relative population unique to the capitalist system, thereby deepening the poverty of proletariat.
Marx's capital organic composition is to understand the important theoretical basis for basic issues such as capitalism in political economics, and basic issues such as capitalism, and basic issues such as social capital renewal, average profit, absolutely.
Other content
How to distinguish between capital organic composition and capital value?
Capital technology composition, capital value composition and capital organism into
The difference between:
1 different from the point of view, The composition of capital technology is to investigate from material morphology. The capital value is to investigate from value morphology. The capital organism is a relationship between capital technology constitution and value.
2 content, the proportion of production materials and labor between technology levels and labor is the proportion of capital, the ratio between unchanged capital and variable capital is the value of capital, and is made of capital technology. The decision and reflect the capital value of the technology constitute change is capital organic.