blood circulation

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(1) Body Circulation

When the ventricular contraction, there is a large red blood (arteriotramal blood) of more oxygen and nutrients from the left ventricular Output, by the aortic and its level, reaching the capillaries of the whole body, the tissue internal material exchange and gas exchange, the blood turns into a slightly purple blood (venous blood) containing tissue metabolites and more carbon dioxide, and then Through the veins at all levels, finally exchanged, the following intravenous flows back to the right heart. The blood circulation of the previous path is called the body cycle, also known as a large cycle. The main feature of the body cycle is that the distance is long, the flow is wide, and the metabolites and carbon dioxide are kept back to the heart with arterial blood nourish.

(b) Pulmonary circulation

From the right ventricle, the oxygen containing less carbon dioxide is less carbon dioxide, via the pulmonary artery, to the capillary network around the alveolar, and alveolized Gas exchange, ie venous blood release carbon dioxide (outside the lung shout), and passes through the inhalation from the alveolar, so that the dark red venous blood, become bright red arterial blood (including oxygen, carbon dioxide less), via via The pulmonary veins at all levels were finally injected into the left. The blood circulation of the previous path is called a small cycle. The pulmonary circulation is characterized by short distance, only the lungs, mainly to transform venous blood into an oxygen-rich arterioptric blood.

(3) Coronary cycle

The coronary cycle is to provide the heart itself with the nutrients and oxygen and transporting waste. It is a cycle of flowing back to the right atrium by the intravenous venetion from the coronary artery of the aortic base.

Circulating energy

The flow of blood is required, and these energy is mainly generated by heart beat, and the energy of the heart beat is incomplenous and the mitochondria in the cell is generated, so myocardium The mitochondrial content in the cell is quite quite. Mitochondria is a place produced by energy. The activity inside mitochondria is mainly two or three stages of oxygen breathing, and there is three phases of oxygen breathing:

first stage: glucose dehydrogenation, producing reducing hydrogen, Pyruvic acid and a small amount of ATP, this stage is carried out in the matrix of cytoplasm.

Second Phase: Acetone continues to dehydrogen, and a water molecule is required to participate in the reaction, producing reducing hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of ATP.

Third stage: Hydrogen in the first two phases combine water with oxygen, which produces a large amount of ATP. ATP is also called triphosphate adenosine, gland phosphorus, which is mainly adenine and ribose binding adenosine, adenosine through riboside, forming a binding of 3 connected phosphate groups, ATP works 1 phosphoric acid forms ADP, which releases energy.

Physiological function

The main significance of the blood circulation is to ensure the metabolism of the body. The various tissues of the animal body obtain a variety of nutrients, moisture and oxygen, and use these substances to produce thermal energy to ensure normal function; while the metabolic carbon dioxide, urea, uric acid, etc., etc., is transported to the blood, respectively To respiratory organs and excretion organs, excretions are discharged to keep the intra-organocized properties of the organization. In addition, the hormone secreted by the endocrine gland is delivered to the whole body to regulate the physiological function of the body.

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