Construction History
At the fourth summit held in 1992, ASEAN has proposed to establish a free trade zone, strive to improve regional cooperation and economic integration through promoting trade liberalization. Construction, enhance the overall strength of ASEAN. With the deepening of economic cooperation, especially in 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis, ASEAN countries generally recognize that only regional consciousness should be impacted in the field of political, economic, security, social and cultural, etc. A variety of mechanisms can ensure the safety, stability and development of the region, and establish a "ASEAN Community" similar to the EU.
In October 2003, the Ninth ASEAN Summit published the "Declaration of the ASEAN Second Agreement", officially announced that the ASEAN Community will be completed in 2020, and the three pillars are "safe community", " Economic Community and "Social Cultural Community". This marks that ASEAN will be transformed by a more relatively loose regional alliance to the regional alliance with a more close, integrated regional organization.
To further promote ASEAN integration construction, in November 2004, the 10th ASEAN Summit adopted a 6-year "Vientiane Action Program", as well as the "ASEAN Safety Community Action Program" and "ASEAN Society" The Cultural Community Action Program, which officially develops a "ASEAN Charter" as a goal of ASEAN, and seeks legal protection for the ASEAN Community.
In January 2007, the 12th ASEAN Summit signed the Cebu Declaration, and decided to implement three communies in 2015.
ASEAN Community (8)
In November 2007, the 13th ASEAN Summit adopted the "ASEAN Charter", which clearly established the strategic objectives of ASEAN Community. Write a charter. At the same time, the meeting also passed the "ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint", which reaffirmed the establishment of ASEAN economic community prior to 2015. This is the overall planning of ASEAN economic integration, and is also a guided document. In 2008, ASEAN gradually completed the drafting of blueprints, social and cultural community blueprints, and second ASEAN integrated action plan blueprints.March 2009, the 14th ASEAN Summit published the "Declaration of ASEAN Community 2009-2015," Sign "ASEAN Political Security Community Blueprint" and "ASEAN Social Cultural Community Blueprint", as scheduled to achieve ASEAN in 2015 The Community puts forward strategic ideas, specific objectives and action plans.
On November 18, 2012, the National Secretary of Cambodia and the International Secretary of the International Cooperation, in the press conference held after the 21st ASEAN Summit, at the all meeting held on the same day, and the leaders of the ASEAN Agreement will establish an ASEAN Community at the end of 2015, and the 2015 Eastern Radixian President National Malaysia will hold a grand celebration. In addition, the leaders of the meeting also passed the joint statement of the mine operation center in the ASEAN region in Cambodia.
The 21st ASEAN Summit opened on the 18th of the Cambodian capital. The theme of this ASEAN Summit is "ASEAN: a community, common destiny." Since then, ASEAN will also hold a series of conferences such as China (10 + 1), ASEAN and China-Japan (10 + 3) and East Asia Summit.
Gao Jin Hong said that at the ASEAN Economic Advisory Committee meeting in the afternoon, participants discussed how to improve ASEAN influence under the current global economic background. In this subsequent meeting, ASEAN state leaders have exchanged opinions on the South China Sea issue, the Middle East situation, and nuclear issues.
Cambodia is the President of the 2012 ASEAN 10 Summit, the Prime Minister Hongson called "find the right solution to further accelerate the integration of ASEAN integration", and said this is ASEAN's "primary task". Hun Sen said: "To achieve an ASEAN integration goal ago, we are only more than two years, there is still a lot of arduous tasks that have not been completed." He mentioned the key areas offending tariffs and non-tariff barriers. Investment liberalization, interconnection, institutional construction and administrative reform.
On the day, ASEAN state leaders jointly signed the "ASEAN Human Rights Declaration to promote protection and solving regional human rights issues. In addition, the leaders of the meeting also launched a "peace and reconciliation institution" aimed at safeguarding peace and stability of the ASEAN.
ASEAN is highly attaches great importance to the overall economic strength of its own, in addition to building ASEAN Free Trade Zone, in 2002, the ASEAN Summit has reached the consensus, agreed by the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). Jointed in 2015 to build an ASEAN economic community, 5 years higher than the original time (originally completed in 2020). At the same time, due to the advantages of Thailand in all ASEAN countries, logistics hub advantages, business freedom, internationalization level, countries enterprises use Thailand as their perfect springboard into the entire ASEAN region.
On December 31, 2015, the ASEAN President Dumeri Masia Foreign Minister Anni's announcement said that the ASEAN community was officially established.
On November 14, 2018, Prime Minister Li Keqiang attended the 21st China-ASEAN leaders in Singapore and issued an important speech. The meeting passed the "China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership 2030 Vision", published scientific and technological innovation cooperation joint statement, announced that the year 2019 exchanged year, further for the development of China and ASEAN China and long-term relationship, also for China - ASEAN The ship of the fate is guided by the forward direction. Li Keqiang emphasized that under the current situation, China and ASEAN should deepen comprehensive cooperation, join hands with higher levels of strategic partnerships, build a more close Chinese-ASEAN fate community.
Join the country
As of August 2011, ASEAN Member States have Brunei (1984), Cambodia (1999), Indonesia, Laos (1997), Malaysia, Myanmar ( In 1997), 10 countries in the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam (1995), with a total area of about 4.5 million square kilometers, with a population of about 512 million, and its observer countries were Papua New Guinea. The total area is about 494 million square kilometers, with a population of 591 million.
Administrative agency
(1) Summit: Since its inception, ASEAN has held 7 summits, 4 informal summits, major issues and development directions of ASEAN development Make a decision. In 2000, the Fourth Informal Summit decided to cancel the official informal points and held a summit annually.
(2) Foreign Minister Conference: It is agency that develops ASEAN's basic policy, and it is held in Member States each year. Foreign Minister of ASEAN also regularly holds an informal meeting (RETREAT).
(3) Standing Committee: As Chairman of the host country, the host country, president of the meeting, member of the National Ambassador (or High Commissioner), member of the National Ambassador, regular meeting, responsible for processing ASEAN daily affairs And preparatory resolutions to convene foreign ministers, implement foreign ministers meetings, and have the right to repay statements on behalf of ASEAN.
(4) Economic Ministerial Conference: It is a decision-making body of ASEAN economic cooperation, and play a leading role in regional economic cooperation, and will be held once a year, two meetings.
(5) Other ministers meetings: including ministerial meetings such as fiscal, agriculture, forestry, labor, energy, tourism, and discuss issues in the relevant fields in the ASEAN countries in the United States.
(6) Secretariat: ASEAN's Administrative Headquarters, and is responsible for coordinating the National Secretariat of Member States to be responsible to the Ministerial Conference and the Standing Committee.
(7) Specialized Committee: 9 committees composed of senior officials, namely: Industrial, Mining and Energy Commission, Trade and Tourism Commission, Grain, Agriculture and Forestry Committee, Interior and Bank Committee, Transportation Transport Board, Budget Committee, Cultural and Propaganda Commission, Science and Technology Commission, and Social Development Committee.
(8) Civil and semi-official agencies: including the ASEAN Parliamentary Alliance, Industrial and Commercial Federation, Petroleum Council, Journalist, Boarding Association, Federation, Tourism Federation And Museum Federation, etc.
Advantages and Challenges
In fact, there is a huge difference in economic, social, cultural and political countries in the economic, social, cultural and political, leading to the difference between the economic development of ASEAN, so promoting ASEAN Countries have developed to the same level to achieve synchronous growth will be a daunting work. For example, Singapore's gross domestic product is 14 times the average economic value of ASEAN, and 87 times in Myanmar. The Indonesian population accounts for 40% of ASEAN total population. And is 570 times of Brunei.
However, the ASEAN Economic Community consisting of 10 countries will enable ASEAN to have more significant economic advantages than other regional economies. With the expansion of the market, the purchasing power is enhanced and the preferential rights of various free trade agreements signed by ASEAN, including ASEAN Free Trade Agreement, ASEAN and Trading Partner, Especially ASEAN - China Free Trade Agreement (China-ASEAN 10+ 1) The promotion of 10 + 3 or 10 + 6 of the ASEAN economy will attract countries to turn to the ASEAN market, especially in terms of investment, will have more production bases to migrate to ASEAN.
At the same time, the previous multinational large companies need to establish a company in various countries in marketing, but after the completion of the ASEAN Economic Community, they can be set up in different countries depending on the business nature, such as setting production bases. In Vietnam, the marketing department is located in Thailand and set the financial accounting department in Singapore.
Multinational companies in Europe and Japan will sell more products to ASEAN, using the ASEAN market to increase sales and profits to make up for the sales of Europe, the United States and Japanese markets that will continue to be continuously weak in the next five years. In response to European countries, there will be more tax deposits to the company and individuals in the future, multinational companies will also increase investment in ASEAN.
State-owned enterprises and multinational companies operating in ASEAN countries can also increase investment in ASEAN to flexibly find the market for raw materials and sales products. The free opening of the labor market will make labor easily migrate to other adjacent countries, which can achieve higher income, and reduce the lack of workers in Member States.
The consequences of economic consequences are
ASEAN Economic Community Program to 2025, the total domestic product of Southeast Asia is now 2.5 trillion On the basis of the US dollar, increase by 7% and add 14 million jobs. But analysts believe that even if it is achieved, it is also possible to distribute problems. Small and medium-sized enterprises are likely to be eliminated, or they are merged under freedom cross-border investment rules. "This process will have winners and losers." Basu Das, Chief Researcher in Southeast Asian Institute said, "Some people can get from Sino, some may be forced to learn new skills." Women received The impact will be particularly large, because the community is small in cross-border investment, which will lead to more automation equipment in cross-border investment, and most employees in the garment factory are women.
Poverty National Population will flour into Fuyu National
Some countries, such as Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore have a large number of flowers. Some immigrants are legal workers, they fill the null vacancies who are unwilling to do. There are also quite a lot of sneak immigrants, they are very susceptible to exploitation or being trafficking. In the initial stage of the ASEAN Economic Community, only eight professional skilled workers can flow freely: doctors, nurses, dentists, engineers, surveyors, tourist practitioners, accountants and architects. But the work transfer between countries is not easy. For example, Malaysia stipulates that foreign professionals must have at least 10 years of experience in this field, and must be sponsored by a local company.
Whether the law will change
as the ASEAN Economic Community, from a sense, the ASEAN Economic Community is from the top, its agenda Promoted by the ASEAN Secretariat. The ASEAN Economic Community has no binding commitments and punitive measures for countries that violate the rules. This means that all countries should make their own laws in line with the Treaty of the ASEAN Community, and there is still a long way to go. "I dare to affirm that people working in Jakarta ASEAN Secretariat must firmly believe this, but they have not convinced this to achieve this. This is reality. Eurasian Group Southeast Asian analyst Anda Ahuja (Ambika Ahuja) Say.
Everyone in Southeast Asia needs to learn English
ASEAN documents are written in English, and English is indeed becoming an ASEAN Economic Community. General language. However, according to local laws, many technical workers still need local language test certification. In large international companies that use English as a general language, people who are proficient in English can enjoy large Advantage. Of course, other regions can also choose their regional language. For many Thai students, Mandarin is now very popular, because many employment opportunities and business opportunities in Thailand Tourism and other areas come from China.