Introduction
Types of anti-submarine operations can be divided into 7 below.
1. Ping Wei escort operation: That is, directly provide escort support to the fleet to prevent the enemy submarine.
2. Anti-submarine support operation: Support operations implemented in the watership threat area.
3. Harbor Defense Operation: Prevent the fight against the harbor.
4. Anti-submarine combat: in the enemy-harbor bay, base and sea main channel cloth cloth, the enemy submarine from leaving its base.
5. Anti-submarine patrol operation: A specific area that may be in the enemy submarine, or a particular line of defense, a systematic and continuous search, forcing the enemy submarine to be unable to act or cross the line.
6. Anti-submarine fighting: Implementing active search in the sea area that may have no sea, and then annihilated.
7. Anti-submarine combat operation: Directly fight against the enemy submarine base.
Combat platform
The combat platform for anti-submarine operations was originally implemented with the main leader, the destroyer was changed by the original mission of the mine launch to deal with the submarine, and became the most important water-surface anti-laundry load. Tool. Other similar ships also include a variety of patrol frigate or patrol boats.
The flight of the Second World War also joined the anti-submarine task, in order to pursue a longer lag, it is generally modified in medium large aircraft, such as large passenger aircraft, water aircraft, transport machine or bomber modification. The anti-submarine species.
After the end of the Second World War, the anti-submarine machine has become a special new military aircraft, even if the body may come from other models, it also has higher efficiency and combat capability than the past improvement machine.
Detection device
1. Water listener (Hydrophone) is the simplest sound detector that receives sound from all directions, but cannot distinguish The source of the sound is also the distance from the sound source. If you listen to a linear, cylindrical or other rule array, you can determine the direction of the sound source according to the time difference of the sound source to determine the direction of the sound source according to the sessile.
2. SonoBuoy is a floating audio detector that is specifically in which the anti-submarine patrol machine or helicopter is in a particular area for search. When cast, a parachute will open to slow down the speed. When the buoy enters the water, the parachute will automatically disengage, and release a floating bag that is equipped with a radio antenna, and uses a passive detection in water listening to the water, or an initiator The array composed of one of the two is released from the array of sound drums or the above one is released on a predetermined depth. After a period of time (depending on the seawater salinity and seahorse), the seawater battery acts, and the detector begins to collect all the sound data and sent up to the buoy body, and then via radio Transfer to the anti-submarine patrol machine, helicopter, ship, and even shore base.
3. Sonar is combined by a variety of audio detector arrays. Because the sound rate of the sound is slower in the water, the complete sonar system must have a full range of 360 degrees, the sound energy is issued by a full-time energy sound wave energy converter, listening to all water At the same time, the sound is received, since the listeners have their independent circuits in each water, so the echo return time and its characteristics can be received, and then transmitted to the central computer.
4. Towed Sonar Most submarines and anti-submarine shirts are installed on the hull, but there will be water flows from the noise generated by the hull to detect the sound. In particular, the noise generated by the mechanical operation of the ship itself also affects its detection sensitivity. In order to avoid these disadvantages, some ships are replaced with towed Sonar. The tow distance of the drag, which can be relatively far from the ship to significantly reduce the impact of the noise in the ship, and its operation is not affected by the fierce movement of the ship.
5. Variable Depth Sonar, VDS) Some drag silent depths can change, so that the sonar is no longer limited to a shallow area, and can be deeply deeper The detection is performed to search for the area where the general water vessel is unable to detect, which is a variable depth tone.
6. Dipping Sonar This is a sonar with a carrier helicopter, which can quickly replace the location for search, dealing with fast-moving submarines and serve for long search tasks. . The immersion tunnel not only extends the ship's detection distance, but will not be affected by the ship's noise.
7. The radar anti-submarine patrol machine and the water sash have some radar systems such as the vicotic mirror, breathing tube and antenna, etc. of the exposed water surface. This radar is specially designed to make it track in the condition of harsh wind and waves.
8. Electronic support measures Sometimes submarines must search, detect or communications with radar or other electronic equipment, etc. At this time, if the anti-submarine patrol machine or water sided ship equipped with electronic support measures is in this area. If the radar wave emitted by the submarine may be exposed and the travel is exposed.
9. Most submarines are made of steel, and their existence has a local distorted Earth's magnetic field tendency. This phenomenon can be detected by an anti-submarine patrol machine or helicopter carrying a magnetic decent detector. The prerequisite for detecting is that the submarine is close to the surface, and the aircraft fly relatively low. Such auxiliary detection methods can help sound operators confirm that the sound of the sound wave is a submarine, or a big whale.
10. The reactor system of the infrared detector nuclear power submarine is cooled in seawater circulation. The temperature of the wastewater discharged after the cycle is slightly higher than the surrounding sea, and the temperature of the wastewater can be maintained for a period of time. (or even For hours), the infrared detectors on the anti-submarine patrol can be used to find submarines in the sea.
Weapons
1. Deep water bomb This kind of weapon was the most primitive by the British Navy during the First World War, which is the most original one in the weapon, basically it. It is an underwater bomb that relies on pressure, magnetic or sound induction, and the like to detonate hundreds of pound explosives. The advantage is that the intensity of the population explosion is powerful, and even if it is not directly hit, it can constitute damage.
2. The hedgehole hedgehog gun is widely used in the Second World War to deal with the German submarine. It uses the caliber 40mm transmitter to the emitting deep water bomb, a total of 24 meters can be emission, 350 meters, and the population is different when entering the water, which is an elliptical (42 meters long diameter, 36 meters short diameter) or It is circular (60 m) distribution, and the lower deposition rate is about 7.5 meters per second. The hedgehog bomb only exploded when the target is directly hit.
3. The non-conductive rocket is installed on the non-activated rocket, and after the ship or the aircraft is launched, the submarine is directly attacked. Because there is no guidance device, the hit rate is very low, and it is necessary to rely on the power of the warhead to make up.
4. The torpedo is mainly divided into two types: heavy torpedo launched with fish detonators, and light multi-purpose torpedo projected by the air (aircraft), missiles or torpedo tubes.
5. The anti-submarine guidelines are guilty of torpedoes or deep water bombs, which are advised to advance, and maintain flight trajectory is a stapped weapon for short distance and sudden attack.
6. Waterlebury can be said to be one of the most economical methods in anti-submarine operations, putting water in the enemy-harbor, base, and sea main channel, not only to reduce the load of anti-submarine patrols, but The effect of scare the enemy submarine activity.